scholarly journals Age-Related Alterations in Retinal Tissue Perfusion and Volumetric Vessel Density

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Lin ◽  
Hong Jiang ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Giovana Rosa Gameiro ◽  
Giovanni Gregori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Retinal Tissue ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Retinal Tissue Perfusion

Improvement of retinal tissue perfusion after circuit resistance training in healthy older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 111210
Author(s):  
Juan Zhang ◽  
Keri Strand ◽  
Matthew Totillo ◽  
Qi Chen ◽  
Joseph F. Signorile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Retinal Tissue ◽  
Circuit Resistance Training ◽  
Retinal Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Circuit Resistance

scholarly journals Retinal Tissue Perfusion in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 1091-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Liu ◽  
Silvia Delgado ◽  
Hong Jiang ◽  
Ying Lin ◽  
Jeffrey Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Retinal Tissue ◽  
Retinal Tissue Perfusion

Abstract 1444: Overexpression Of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Restores Post-natal Neovascularization In Atherosclerosis.

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barend Mees ◽  
Ludovic Waeckel ◽  
Dong You ◽  
Dennie Tempel ◽  
Maria Godinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Hind Limb ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Plaque Size ◽  
Angiogenic Potential ◽  
Apoe Ko Mice ◽  
Apoe Ko

Alteration in post-ischemic neovascularization is a common complication of atherosclerotic disease. This results, at least in part, from abrogation of bone-marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNC) pro-angiogenic potential. Overexpression of eNOS has been shown to promote vessel growth in the setting of ischemia. We hypothesized that eNOS overexpression could restore impaired neovascularization in atherosclerotic (ApoE KO) mice. Hind limb ischemia was induced in mice by right femoral artery ligation. After two weeks we evaluated tissue perfusion of the foot by Laser Doppler, vessel density in the hind limb by micro-angiography and histology, and atherosclerotic plaque size. In vitro BM-MNC cell culture assays were performed. Tissue perfusion and vessel density were 1.5-fold increased in transgenic mice overexpressing eNOS (eNOStg) as compared to wild type (WT) (P<0.001, n=10). Transplantation of 1x106 WT- or eNOStg BM-MNC in WT recipients caused a 1.5-fold increase in tissue perfusion and vessel density compared to injection of PBS (P<0.001, n=10). Next, we used ApoE KO mice and crossbreeds of eNOStg and ApoE KO mice (eNOStg*ApoE KO). Tissue perfusion and vessel density were 1.8-fold increased in eNOStg*ApoE KO mice as compared to ApoE KO mice (P<0.001, n=10). Transplantation of both WT- or eNOStg*ApoE KO BM-MNC in ApoE KO recipients caused a 1.6- to 2-fold increase in tissue perfusion and vessel density compared to PBS (P<0.01, n=10), while transplantation of ApoE KO BM-MNC had no positive effect on neovascularization. Moreover, transplantation of WT BM-MNC significantly increased plaque size, while eNOStg*ApoE KO BM-MNC had no effect on plaque size. eNOS overexpression did not affect BM-MNC apoptosis and secretion of growth factors but increased their ability to differentiate in vitro into EPC. Conclusion: eNOS overexpression in the endothelium improves post-ischemic neovascularization in both physiological as atherosclerotic settings. Furthermore, eNOS overexpression in the bone marrow restores the impaired pro-angiogenic potential of atherosclerotic BM-MNC without adverse effects on plaque size. Therefore, overexpression of eNOS could play a vital part in the development of therapeutic angiogenesis for atherosclerotic disease.

scholarly journals Dietary Supplementation with Beta-Cryptoxanthin (BCX) Protects Against Light-Induced Retinal Damage

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 126-126
Author(s):  
Deshanie Rai ◽  
Kazim Sahin ◽  
Kazim Sahin ◽  
Emre Sahin ◽  
Mehmet Tuzcu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Angiogenic Factor ◽  
Retinal Damage ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Retinal Tissue ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress

Abstract Objectives The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) regulates the transport of nutrients and waste products to and from the retina and protects against light and oxidative stress. Structural or physiological dysfunction of RPE leads to retinal conditions such as age-related eye disease (ARED). It is well-established that artificial and natural light is an important factor in the progression of ARED as it can induce oxidative damage and photochemical lesions. Recently, the use of LED in general lighting has raised concerns regarding the effects of this light source on the RPE. The goal was to investigate whether beta-cryptoxanthin, an efficient pro-vitamin A carotenoid can exert protective effects against LED-induced RPE cell damage. Methods Rats were fed with BCX for 4 weeks at a dose of 2 and 4 mg/kg body weight followed by retinal damage by exposing the eye to bright LED light for 48 hrs. Commercially available white LED sources, which are widely used in rat housing studies was used to induce retinal damage. Animals were sacrificed at the end of the study and retinal tissue and blood samples were collected and evaluated for retinal damage and markers of oxidative stress. Results BCX supplementation significantly reduced retinal damage as demonstrated by histopathology measurements including total retinal thickness, outer nuclear layer thickness, and swelling. Similarly, markers of oxidative stress including serum and retinal tissue levels of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase were beneficially modulated by BCX supplementation. In parallel, BCX supplementation reduced inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6, NF-κB), angiogenic factor VEGF, apoptotic proteins (Caspase-3, GAP43, GFAP, NCAM, HO-1) and mitochondrial stress markers (ATF4, ATF6, Grp78, Grp97) in retinal tissue. Conclusions Our study supports that oral supplementation of BCX dose-dependently exerts a protective effect against retinal damage induced by high-intensity light in a rat model by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, angigogenesis and protection against mitochondrial DNA damage. BCX dietary intakes and supplementation throughout all stages of life can help protect against ARED that may start early in life. Funding Sources OmniActive Health Technologies.

Retinal vascular alterations in reticular pseudodrusen with and without outer retinal atrophy assessed by optical coherence tomography angiography

2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (9) ◽  
pp. 1192-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Vittoria Cicinelli ◽  
Alessandro Rabiolo ◽  
Riccardo Sacconi ◽  
Francesca Lamanna ◽  
Lea Querques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Reticular Pseudodrusen ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Retinal Atrophy ◽  
Capillary Plexus

PurposeTo investigate the intraretinal structural and vascular alterations in patients featuring reticular pseudodrusen (RPD), RPD with outer retinal atrophy (ORA), and drusen.DesignObservational cross-sectional study.MethodsClinical practice study including 68 eyes of 57 patients (22 eyes of 17 patients with RPD; 24 eyes of 21 patients with RPD+ORA; 22 eyes of 19 patients with drusen). Each patient underwent spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCT-A). Measurement of retinal layers’ thickness was obtained by the automated segmentation protocol of the Spectralis OCT (Heidelberg Eye Explorer V.1.9.10.0). The superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and the deep capillary plexus (DCP) vessel density, as well as the size of the foveal avascular zone were calculated on 3×3 OCT-A. Main outcome was to compare vessel density at the SCP and DCP among the groups and controls.ResultsAt the SCP, the vessel density was lower in RPD and RPD+ORA patients with respect to controls (P=0.02 and P=0.003, respectively). At the DCP, meaningful disparity was found between the study groups and the healthy subjects in the vessel density (P<0.001, P=0.04 and P=0.001 for RPD, RDP+ORA and drusen, respectively). The ganglion cell layer (GCL) was thinner in all patients affected either by RPD, RPD+ORA or drusen compared with healthy subjects (P=0.02, P=0.03 and P=0.004, respectively).ConclusionSignificant retinal vascular loss is a common feature of patients with non-exudative age-related macular degeneration, more pronounced in those featuring RPD and RPD+ORA. It is associated with retinal thinning, localised particularly at the GCL, compared with controls.

scholarly journals Automated Deep Learning-based Multi-class Fluid Segmentation in Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Images

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. Oakley ◽  
Simrat K. Sodhi ◽  
Daniel B. Russakoff ◽  
Netan Choudhry
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
Retinal Tissue ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Additional Input ◽  
Roc Area

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the performance of a deep learning-based, fully automated, multi-class, macular fluid segmentation algorithm relative to expert annotations in a heterogeneous population of confirmed wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD) subjects.MethodsTwenty-two swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) volumes of the macula from 22 from different individuals with wAMD were manually annotated by two expert graders. These results were compared using cross-validation (CV) to automated segmentations using a deep learning-based algorithm encoding spatial information about retinal tissue as an additional input to the network. The algorithm detects and delineates fluid regions in the OCT data, differentiating between intra- and sub-retinal fluid (IRF, SRF), as well as fluid resulting from in serous pigment epithelial detachments (PED). Standard metrics for fluid detection and quantification were used to evaluate performance.ResultsThe per slice receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curves (AUCs) for each of these fluid types were 0.90, 0.94 and 0.94 for IRF, SRF and PED, respectively. Per volume results were 0.94 and 0.88 for IRF and PED (SRF being present in all cases). The correlation of fluid volume between the expert graders and the algorithm were 0.99 for IRF, 0.99 for SRF and 0.82 for PED.ConclusionsAutomated, deep learning-based segmentation is able to accurately detect and quantify different macular fluid types in SS-OCT data on par with expert graders.

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