Pigment Epithelial-Derived Factor Peptide Facilitates the Regeneration of a Functional Limbus in Rabbit Partial Limbal Deficiency

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 2126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-I Yeh ◽  
Tsung-Chuan Ho ◽  
Show-Li Chen ◽  
Chie-Pein Chen ◽  
Huey-Chuan Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Limbal Deficiency

scholarly journals Pigment Epithelial-Derived Factor Peptide Regenerated Limbus Serves as Regeneration Source for Limbal Regeneration in Rabbit Limbal Deficiency

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 2629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-I Yeh ◽  
Tsung-Chuan Ho ◽  
Show-Li Chen ◽  
Chie-Pein Chen ◽  
Huey-Chuan Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Limbal Deficiency

Ultrastructural Changes of Smoooth Endoplasmic Reticulum in the Retinal Pigment Epithelium by Choline Chloride

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 58-59
Author(s):  
Kazushige Hirosawa ◽  
Eichi Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Lower Vertebrate ◽  
Visual Cells ◽  
Pigment Epithelial

The pigment epithelium is located between the choriocapillary and the visual cells. The pigment epithelial cell is characterized by a large amount of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) in its cytoplasm. In addition, the pigment epithelial cell of some lower vertebrate has myeloid body as a specialized form of the SER. Generally, SER is supposed to work in the lipid metabolism. However, the functions of abundant SER and myeloid body in the pigment epithelial cell are still in question. This paper reports an attempt, to depict the functions of these organelles in the frog retina by administering one of phospholipid precursors.

scholarly journals Relative Contribution of Different Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Components to the Retinal Pigment Epithelium Barrier Function: Implications for RPE-Related Retinal Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 8130
Author(s):  
Michael H. Guerra ◽  
Thangal Yumnamcha ◽  
Lalit P. Singh ◽  
Ahmed S. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Phosphorylation ◽  
Atp Synthase ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Complex I ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Retinal Diseases ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Pigment Epithelial ◽  
Dose Dependent

Disruption of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) barrier integrity is involved in the pathology of several blinding retinal diseases including age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR), but the underlying causes and pathophysiology are not completely well-defined. Mitochondria dysfunction has often been considered as a potential candidate implicated in such a process. In this study, we aimed to dissect the role of different mitochondrial components; specifically, those of oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos), in maintaining the barrier functionality of RPE. Electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) technology was used to collect multi-frequency electrical impedance data to assess in real-time the barrier formation of the RPE cells. For this purpose, the human retinal pigment epithelial cell line—ARPE-19—was used and treated with varying concentrations of specific mitochondrial inhibitors that target different steps in OxPhos: Rotenone for complex I (the largest protein complex in the electron transport chain (ETC)); oligomycin for ATP synthase; and carbonyl cyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl hydrazone (FCCP) for uncoupling ATP synthesis from the accompanying ETC. Furthermore, data were modeled using the ECIS-Zθ software to investigate in depth the effects of these inhibitors on three separate barrier parameters: cell–cell interactions (Rb), cell–matrix interactions (α), and the cell membrane capacitance (Cm). The viability of ARPE-19 cells was determined by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) Cytotoxicity Assay. The ECIS program’s modeling demonstrated that FCCP and thus OxPhos uncoupling disrupt the barrier function in the ARPE-19 cells across all three components of the total resistance (Rb, α, and Cm) in a dose-dependent manner. On the other hand, oligomycin and thus ATP synthase inhibition mostly affects the ARPE-19 cells' attachment to their substrate evident by a significant decrease in α resistance in a dose-dependent manner, both at the end and throughout the duration of the experiment. On the contrary, rotenone and complex I inhibition mostly affect the ARPE-19 paracellular resistance Rb in a dose-dependent manner compared to basolateral resistance α or Cm. Our results clearly demonstrate differential roles for different mitochondrial components in maintaining RPE cell functionality in which uncoupling of OxPhos is a major contributing factor to the disruption barrier function. Such differences can be used in investigating gene expression as well as for screening of selective agents that improve the OxPhos coupling efficiency to be used in the therapeutic approach for treating RPE-related retinal diseases.

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