In Vivo Imaging of Foveal Sparing in Geographic Atrophy Secondary to Age-Related Macular Degeneration

2009 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 3915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Schmitz-Valckenberg ◽  
Monika Fleckenstein ◽  
Hans-Martin Helb ◽  
Peter Charbel Issa ◽  
Hendrik P. N. Scholl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Geographic Atrophy ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Foveal Sparing

scholarly journals Outer retinal tubulation formation and clinical course of advanced age-related macular degeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Arrigo ◽  
Emanuela Aragona ◽  
Ottavia Battaglia ◽  
Andrea Saladino ◽  
Alessia Amato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Müller Cells ◽  
Geographic Atrophy ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Dry Amd ◽  
Foveal Sparing ◽  
Wet Amd

AbstractOuter retinal tubulations (ORT) are a relatively new finding characterizing outer retinal atrophy. The main aim of the present study was to describe ORT development in advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and to assess its relationship with disease’s severity. Patients with advanced AMD characterized either by macular neovascularization or geographic atrophy, showing signs of outer retinal disruption or retinal pigment epithelium atrophy on structural optical coherence tomography (OCT) at the inclusion examination were prospectively recruited. All the patients underwent complete ophthalmologic evaluation, structural OCT scans and fundus autofluorescence imaging. The planned follow-up was of 3-years. Main outcome measures were ORT prevalence, mechanism of ORT formation, mean time needed for complete ORT formation, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), definitely decreased autofluorescence (DDAF) area, questionably decreased autofluorescence (QDAF) area, retinal layer thickness, foveal sparing, number of intravitreal injections. We also assessed the possible role of external limiting membrane (ELM) and Müller cells in ORT pathogenesis. Seventy eyes (70 patients) were included; 43 showed dry AMD evolving to geographic atrophy, while 27 displayed the features of wet AMD. Baseline BCVA was 0.5 ± 0.5 LogMAR, decreasing to 0.9 ± 0.5 LogMAR at the 3-year follow-up (p < 0.01). We detected completely formed ORT in 26/70 eyes (37%), subdivided as follows: 20 eyes (77%) wet AMD and 6 eyes (23%) dry AMD (p < 0.01). ORT took 18 ± 8 months (range 3–35 months) to develop fully. We described the steps leading to ORT development, characterized by progressive involvement of, and damage to the photoreceptors, the ELM and the RPE. Eyes displaying ORT were associated with a smaller QDAF area, less retinal layers damage and lower rate of foveal sparing than eyes free of ORT (p < 0.01). We also described pigment accumulations simulating ORT, which were detected in 16/70 eyes (23%), associated with a greater loss of foveal sparing, increased DDAF area and smaller QDAF area at the 3-year follow-up (p < 0.01). In conclusion, this study provided a description of the steps leading to ORT development in AMD. ELM and Müller cells showed a role in ORT pathogenesis. Furthermore, we described a subtype of pigment hypertrophy mimicking ORT, evaluating its clinical utility.

scholarly journals Percentage of Foveal versus Total Macular Geographic Atrophy as a Predictor of Visual Acuity in Age-related Macular Degeneration

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saghar Bagheri ◽  
Ines Lains ◽  
Rebecca Silverman ◽  
Ivana Kim ◽  
Dean Eliott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Fundus Autofluorescence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Geographic Atrophy ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Foveal Sparing

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the relationship between visual acuity (VA), total area of geographic atrophy (GA) and percentage of foveal GA.MethodsMulticenter, retrospective cross-sectional study of patients with GA due to age-related macular degeneration. Demographics, VA, fundus autofluorescence (FAF) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) images were collected. Using FAF images aided by OCT, foveal sparing status, GA pattern, total GA size, and percentage of GA covering the foveal area - area within a 1.5 mm diameter circle centered on the fovea centralis - were assessed. Univariable and multiple linear regression analyses were performed.Results54 eyes (mean age 78.7 ±7.7 (SD), 60.0% female) were studied. Mean VA was 0.8 ± 0.6 logMAR, mean total GA 8.8 ± 6.7 mm2 and mean percentage of foveal GA was 71.5 ± 30.9%. Of all assessed eyes, 48.2% (n = 26) presented with multifocal GA, and 18.5% (n = 10) had foveal sparing. Multiple regression analysis revealed that, controlling for age and GA pattern, the percentage of foveal GA presented a statistically significant association with VA (ß = 0.41, P = 0.004). No significant associations were observed with mean total GA size, while controlling for the same variables (ß = 0.010, P = 0.440).ConclusionPercentage of foveal GA was significantly associated with VA impairment, while the same was not verified for total GA area. These findings suggest that percentage of foveal GA may represent a more useful tool for assessing the impact of GA on VA. Further validation is needed in larger cohorts.

scholarly journals Foveal-Sparing Scotomas in Advanced Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration

2008 ◽  
Vol 102 (10) ◽  
pp. 600-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet S. Sunness ◽  
Gary S. Rubin ◽  
Abraham Zuckerbrod ◽  
Carol A. Applegate
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Geographic Atrophy ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Good Visual Acuity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Foveal Sparing

Foveal-sparing scotomas are common in advanced dry macular degeneration (geographic atrophy). Foveal preservation may be present for a number of years. Despite good visual acuity, these patients have reduced reading rates. Magnification may not be effective if the text becomes too large to “fit” within the central spared area.

scholarly journals Choriocapillaris Loss in Advanced Age-Related Macular Degeneration

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Moreira-Neto ◽  
Eric M. Moult ◽  
James G. Fujimoto ◽  
Nadia K. Waheed ◽  
Daniela Ferrara
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Geographic Atrophy ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Age Related

The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on choriocapillaris loss in advanced age macular degeneration (AMD). Several histopathological studies in animal models and human eyes had showed that the choriocapillaris density decreases with age. However, the role of choriocapillaris loss is still unclear in AMD and its advanced forms, either choroidal neovascularization (CNV) or geographic atrophy (GA). Some authors have hypothesized that choriocapillaris loss might precede overt retinal pigment epithelium atrophy. Others have hypothesized that deposition of complement complexes on and around the choriocapillaris could be related to the tissue loss observed in early AMD. The development of imaging modalities, such as optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), have led to a better understanding of underlying physiopathological mechanisms in AMD. OCTA showed atrophy of choriocapillaris underneath and beyond the region of photoreceptors and RPE loss, in agreement with previous histopathologic studies. The evolution of OCTA technology suggests that CNV seems to originate from regions of severe choriocapillaris alteration. Significant progress has been made in the understanding of development and progression of GA and CNV. In vivo investigation of the choriocapillaris using OCTA may lead to new insights related to underlying disease mechanisms in AMD.

scholarly journals Geographic Atrophy and Foveal-Sparing Changes Related to Visual Acuity in Patients With Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration Over Time

2017 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 118-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramzi Gilbert Sayegh ◽  
Stefan Sacu ◽  
Roman Dunavölgyi ◽  
Maria Elisabeth Kroh ◽  
Philipp Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Geographic Atrophy ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Foveal Sparing ◽  
Over Time

ADAPTIVE OPTICS IMAGING OF FOVEAL SPARING IN GEOGRAPHIC ATROPHY SECONDARY TO AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION

Retina ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Querques ◽  
Cynthia Kamami-Levy ◽  
Anouk Georges ◽  
Alexandre Pedinielli ◽  
Vittorio Capuano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Adaptive Optics ◽  
Geographic Atrophy ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Adaptive Optics Imaging ◽  
Foveal Sparing

scholarly journals In vivo imaging of photoreceptor disruption associated with age-related macular degeneration: A pilot study

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 603-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Boretsky ◽  
Faraz Khan ◽  
Garrett Burnett ◽  
Daniel X. Hammer ◽  
R. Daniel Ferguson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related

Directional Kinetics of Geographic Atrophy Progression in Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Foveal Sparing

Ophthalmology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 122 (7) ◽  
pp. 1356-1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moritz Lindner ◽  
Alexander Böker ◽  
Matthias M. Mauschitz ◽  
Arno P. Göbel ◽  
Rolf Fimmers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Geographic Atrophy ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Foveal Sparing

scholarly journals In vivo imaging of retinal pigment epithelium cells in age related macular degeneration

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 2527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan A. Rossi ◽  
Piero Rangel-Fonseca ◽  
Keith Parkins ◽  
William Fischer ◽  
Lisa R. Latchney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells ◽  
Epithelium Cells
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