Structural and Functional Abnormalities of Retinal Ribbon Synapses due toCacna2d4Mutation

2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 3523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina A. Wycisk ◽  
Birgit Budde ◽  
Silke Feil ◽  
Sergej Skosyrski ◽  
Francesca Buzzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ribbon Synapses

Preferential localization of type I phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase γ at the periactive zone of mouse photoreceptor ribbon synapses

2014 ◽  
Vol 1586 ◽  
pp. 23-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Sakagami ◽  
Osamu Katsumata ◽  
Yoshinobu Hara ◽  
Hideaki Tamaki ◽  
Masahiro Fukaya
Keyword(s):  
Type I ◽  
Ribbon Synapses ◽  
Preferential Localization ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol 4

scholarly journals A Gata3–Mafb transcriptional network directs post-synaptic differentiation in synapses specialized for hearing

eLife ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Ming Yu ◽  
Jessica M Appler ◽  
Ye-Hyun Kim ◽  
Allison M Nishitani ◽  
Jeffrey R Holt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spiral Ganglion ◽  
Transcriptional Network ◽  
Spiral Ganglion Neurons ◽  
Ribbon Synapses ◽  
Auditory Responses ◽  
Synaptic Differentiation ◽  
Rapid Transmission ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Ganglion Neurons

Information flow through neural circuits is determined by the nature of the synapses linking the subtypes of neurons. How neurons acquire features distinct to each synapse remains unknown. We show that the transcription factor Mafb drives the formation of auditory ribbon synapses, which are specialized for rapid transmission from hair cells to spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs). Mafb acts in SGNs to drive differentiation of the large postsynaptic density (PSD) characteristic of the ribbon synapse. In Mafb mutant mice, SGNs fail to develop normal PSDs, leading to reduced synapse number and impaired auditory responses. Conversely, increased Mafb accelerates synaptogenesis. Moreover, Mafb is responsible for executing one branch of the SGN differentiation program orchestrated by the Gata3 transcriptional network. Remarkably, restoration of Mafb rescues the synapse defect in Gata3 mutants. Hence, Mafb is a powerful regulator of cell-type specific features of auditory synaptogenesis that offers a new entry point for treating hearing loss.

scholarly journals Maturation of Ribbon Synapses in Hair Cells Is Driven by Thyroid Hormone

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 3163-3173 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Sendin ◽  
A. V. Bulankina ◽  
D. Riedel ◽  
T. Moser
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Ribbon Synapses

Retinal Ribbon Synapses

2008 ◽  
pp. 3522-3526
Author(s):  
Catherine W. Morgans ◽  
Philippa R. Bayley
Keyword(s):  
Ribbon Synapses

Electron microscopy of Golgi-impregnated photoreceptors reveals connections between red and green cones in the turtle retina

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kolb ◽  
J. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Gap Junctions ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Turtle Species ◽  
Ribbon Synapses ◽  
Central Elements ◽  
Spectral Identity ◽  
Chemical Synapses

Red and green cones of two turtle species (Pseudemys scripta elegans and Chelydra serpentina) retina have been stained with Golgi procedures and examined by light microscopy of whole-mount tissue and by electron microscopy of serial thin sections. By light microscopy, red and green single cones appear indistinguishable, but double cones can be readily identified. All Golgi-stained photoreceptors in turtle retina have a spray of telodendria radiating from their synaptic pedicles. The telodendria of single cones are 10-20 micron long and end in clusters of terminals, whereas double cones have 30- to 50-micron long telodendria in addition to a very short bush of telodendria arising from one side of the pedicle. Electron microscopy of the Golgi-stained cones allows them to be distinguished into red or green spectral types by the appearance of their oil droplets. Furthermore, the spectral identity of cones contacted by the telodendria of identified Golgi-stained cones can similarly be determined. Red single cones make telodendrial contacts with other red singles, both members of the double cones, and with green single cones. Green single cones likewise connect to many surrounding red cones, both single and double types, and a few other green singles. Both members of the double cone connect to neighboring red and green singles and occasionally to double cones. The telodendria of stained cones end on spectrally homologous or heterologous cone types at basal junctions, central elements of ribbon synapses or, sometimes, as lateral elements of ribbon synapses. However, all these synaptic contacts appear to be of the same type, i.e., narrow-cleft basal junctions. Small gap junctions occur between neighboring cone pedicles, regardless of spectral type, in the visual streak area of the retina. Large gap junctions occur between unidentified cone telodendria in the neuropil of the outer plexiform layer. The telodendrial connections between red and green cones in the turtle retina have the appearance of chemical synapses and suggest an anatomical pathway responsible for the mixing of red and green signals in red or green cones of the turtle retina as reported in the accompanying physiological paper by Normann, Perlman, and Daly (27).

Age-related insult of cochlear ribbon synapses: An early-onset contributor to D-galactose-induced aging in mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 104649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng-De Du ◽  
Shu-Guang Han ◽  
Teng-Fei Qu ◽  
Bin Guo ◽  
Shu-Kui Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Onset ◽  
Ribbon Synapses ◽  
Age Related
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