scholarly journals Connectedness and inside/outside relation affect dot numerical judgment: implications for perceptual objects defined by topological attributes

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 654-654
Author(s):  
L. He ◽  
T. Zhou ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
L. Chen ◽  
Y. Zhuo
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Judgment ◽  
Perceptual Objects

scholarly journals Object closure affects the strength of object-based attentional filtering

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Nicora ◽  
Adam Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Attention Control ◽  
Target Response ◽  
Central Target ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Flanker Paradigm ◽  
Selection Experiments ◽  
Perceptual Objects ◽  
Line Condition ◽  
Singleton Target

Shifts of object-based attention (OBA) are affected by object closure in the double-rectangle cueing paradigm (Marino & Scholl, 2005). The effect of closure on object-based selection and attentional filtering strength have not previously been investigated. Using a modified flanker paradigm (Eriksen & Eriksen, 1974), we presented subjects either a set of vertically oriented rectangles (rectangle condition) or those same rectangles with the horizontal top/bottom of each rectangle removed (line condition). In Experiments 1 & 2, a centrally presented object was flanked by four identical objects. One end of the central (target containing) object was then exogenously cued. Subjects performed a letter discrimination task on a color singleton target letter appearing on the central object in the presence of flanker letters (on flanking objects) that were either compatible or incompatible with the target response. Experiment 1 (homogeneously rectangle or line objects) showed that OBA selection is strong when objects are closed, preventing flankers from influencing performance. Experiment 2 (spatial attention control) showed that closure does not affect performance without OBA selection. Experiments 3 (flanking line objects) and 4 (flanking rectangle objects) showed that both target & flanking objects play a role in attentional filtering of distracters. During object-based attentional selection, flanking (non-selected) perceptual objects may serve to confine the effects of distracters while target (selected) perceptual objects may serve to shield the target from the effects of distracters.

scholarly journals Perceptual objects capture attention

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1122-1122
Author(s):  
Y. Yeshurun ◽  
R. Kimchi ◽  
G. Sha'shoua ◽  
T. Carmel
Keyword(s):  
Perceptual Objects

scholarly journals New perceptual objects that capture attention produce inhibition of return

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 510-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather M. Oonk ◽  
Richard A. Abrams
Keyword(s):  
Inhibition Of Return ◽  
Perceptual Objects

Perceptual objects may have nonphysical properties

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Ben-Ze’ev
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Perceptual Objects

AbstractByrne & Hilbert defend color realism, which assumes that: (a) colors are properties of objects; (b) these objects are physical; hence, (c) colors are physical properties. I accept (a), agree that in a certain sense (b) can be defended, but reject (c). Colors are properties of perceptual objects – which also have underlying physical properties – but they are not physical properties.

Redundant Leading and following Zeros in Comparative Numerical Judgment

1995 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 819-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumiko Takayanagi ◽  
Norman Cliff ◽  
Penny L. Fidler
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Stimulus Type ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Feature Identification ◽  
Computer Screen ◽  
Numerical Judgment ◽  
Type 3

The objective was to provide a more comprehensive understanding of how people make numerical comparative judgments when digits are contained in numbers with redundant leading or following zeros, e.g., 00080 and 800.000. These sequences of numbers often appear on computer display terminals (VDT) as line numbers, but surprisingly little research has been done on this. The experiment manipulated three aspects of numerical stimuli: (1) redundant leading zeros, (2) redundant following zeros, and (3) length of string of digits. The subjects were to push one of the two button-switches to respond whether two stimulus numbers shown on the computer screen were equal or unequal. The target stimuli contained several forms of redundant zeros, and each performance was assessed by response RT of the subjects. Analysis indicated five significant findings: (1) Redundant leading zeros hindered performance, (2) The effect of redundant following zeros depended on the stimulus type, (3) Over-all, longer digits took more processing time, (4) The RTs for the second-block trials were significantly faster than the first, and (5) Task performance was facilitated when the redundant zero representations were identical in both stimuli of a pair. Nonlexicographic processing seems to occur when feature identification can be used for numerical identification, that is, when the format is consistent. The research has implications for those in computer science to provide numerical formats which make comparative judgments as easy as possible.

scholarly journals Auditory multistability and neurotransmitter concentrations in the human brain

2017 ◽  
Vol 372 (1714) ◽  
pp. 20160110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirohito M. Kondo ◽  
Dávid Farkas ◽  
Susan L. Denham ◽  
Tomohisa Asai ◽  
István Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Auditory Streaming ◽  
Switching Patterns ◽  
Perceptual Objects ◽  
Sound Sequence ◽  
Repeated Words

Multistability in perception is a powerful tool for investigating sensory–perceptual transformations, because it produces dissociations between sensory inputs and subjective experience. Spontaneous switching between different perceptual objects occurs during prolonged listening to a sound sequence of tone triplets or repeated words (termed auditory streaming and verbal transformations, respectively). We used these examples of auditory multistability to examine to what extent neurochemical and cognitive factors influence the observed idiosyncratic patterns of switching between perceptual objects. The concentrations of glutamate–glutamine (Glx) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in brain regions were measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy, while personality traits and executive functions were assessed using questionnaires and response inhibition tasks. Idiosyncratic patterns of perceptual switching in the two multistable stimulus configurations were identified using a multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis. Intriguingly, although switching patterns within each individual differed between auditory streaming and verbal transformations, similar MDS dimensions were extracted separately from the two datasets. Individual switching patterns were significantly correlated with Glx and GABA concentrations in auditory cortex and inferior frontal cortex but not with the personality traits and executive functions. Our results suggest that auditory perceptual organization depends on the balance between neural excitation and inhibition in different brain regions. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Auditory and visual scene analysis'.

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