scholarly journals A visual redundant-signal effect strongly depends on attention even for probability summation

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 135-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Guzman ◽  
G. Palafox ◽  
M. Grabowecky ◽  
S. Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Probability Summation ◽  
Redundant Signal ◽  
Redundant Signal Effect

scholarly journals Blindsight is sensitive to stimulus numerosity and configuration: evidence from the redundant signal effect

2015 ◽  
Vol 233 (5) ◽  
pp. 1617-1623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Celeghin ◽  
Silvia Savazzi ◽  
Marissa Barabas ◽  
Matteo Bendini ◽  
Carlo A. Marzi
Keyword(s):  
Redundant Signal ◽  
Redundant Signal Effect

Does the redundant signal effect occur at an early visual stage?

2007 ◽  
Vol 184 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Savazzi ◽  
Carlo A. Marzi
Keyword(s):  
Redundant Signal ◽  
Redundant Signal Effect

scholarly journals Conscious awareness modulates processing speed in the redundant signal effect

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Matilda Helena Cederblad ◽  
Aleksandar Visokomogilski ◽  
Søren K. Andersen ◽  
Mary-Joan MacLeod ◽  
Arash Sahraie
Keyword(s):  
Conscious Experience ◽  
Visual Awareness ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Redundant Target ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Redundant Signal ◽  
Weak Evidence ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Redundant Signal Effect

AbstractEvidence for the influence of unaware signals on behaviour has been reported in both patient groups and healthy observers using the Redundant Signal Effect (RSE). The RSE refers to faster manual reaction times to the onset of multiple simultaneously presented target than those to a single stimulus. These findings are robust and apply to unimodal and multi-modal sensory inputs. A number of studies on neurologically impaired cases have demonstrated that RSE can be found even in the absence of conscious experience of the redundant signals. Here, we investigated behavioural changes associated with awareness in healthy observers by using Continuous Flash Suppression to render observers unaware of redundant targets. Across three experiments, we found an association between reaction times to the onset of a consciously perceived target and the reported level of visual awareness of the redundant target, with higher awareness being associated with faster reaction times. However, in the absence of any awareness of the redundant target, we found no evidence for speeded reaction times and even weak evidence for an inhibitory effect (slowing down of reaction times) on response to the seen target. These findings reveal marked differences between healthy observers and blindsight patients in how aware and unaware information from different locations is integrated in the RSE.

scholarly journals Multimodal communication in courting fiddler crabs reveals male performance capacities

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 161093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie L. Mowles ◽  
Michael Jennions ◽  
Patricia R. Y. Backwell
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Fiddler Crabs ◽  
Vibrational Signal ◽  
Sprint Speed ◽  
Additional Signal ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Waving Display ◽  
Redundant Signal ◽  
Strong Positive Relationship ◽  
Multimodal Signalling

Courting males often perform different behavioural displays that demonstrate aspects of their quality. Male fiddler crabs, Uca sp., are well known for their repetitive claw-waving display during courtship. However, in some species, males produce an additional signal by rapidly stridulating their claw, creating a ‘drumming’ vibrational signal through the substrate as a female approaches, and even continue to drum once inside their burrow. Here, we show that the switch from waving to drumming might provide additional information to the female about the quality of a male, and the properties of his burrow (multiple message hypothesis). Across males there was, however, a strong positive relationship between aspects of their waving and drumming displays, suggesting that drumming adheres to some predictions of the redundant signal hypothesis for multimodal signalling. In field experiments, we show that recent courtship is associated with a significant reduction in male sprint speed, which is commensurate with an oxygen debt. Even so, males that wave and drum more vigorously than their counterparts have a higher sprint speed. Drumming appears to be an energetically costly multimodal display of quality that females should attend to when making their mate choice decisions.

scholarly journals Combining Visual Contrast Information with Sound Can Produce Faster Decisions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgitta Dresp-Langley ◽  
Marie Monfouga
Keyword(s):  
Response Times ◽  
Luminance Contrast ◽  
Forced Choice ◽  
Sound Frequency ◽  
Choice Response ◽  
Relative Depth ◽  
Probability Summation ◽  
Visual Contrast ◽  
Contrast Information ◽  
The Right

Pieron's and Chocholle’s seminal psychophysical work predicts that human response time to information relative to visual contrast and/or sound frequency decreases when contrast intensity or sound frequency increases. The goal of this study is to bring to the fore the ability of individuals to use visual contrast intensity and sound frequency in combination for faster perceptual decisions of relative depth (“nearer”) in planar (2D) object configurations on the basis of physical variations in luminance contrast. Computer controlled images with two abstract patterns of varying contrast intensity, one on the left and one on the right, preceded or not by a pure tone of varying frequency, were shown to healthy young humans in controlled experimental sequences. Their task (two-alternative forced-choice) was to decide as quickly as possible which of two patterns, the left or the right one, in a given image appeared to “stand out as if it were nearer” in terms of apparent (subjective) visual depth. The results show that the combinations of varying relative visual contrast with sounds of varying frequency exploited here produced an additive effect on choice response times in terms of facilitation, where a stronger visual contrast combined with a higher sound frequency produced shorter forced-choice response times. This new effect is predicted by cross-modal audio-visual probability summation.

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