scholarly journals Distortions in perceived direction of motion predicted by population response dynamics in primary visual cortex

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (17) ◽  
pp. 33-33
Author(s):  
W. Wu ◽  
P. H. Tiesinga ◽  
T. R. Tucker ◽  
S. R. Mitroff ◽  
D. Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Response Dynamics ◽  
Population Response

scholarly journals Dynamics of Population Response to Changes of Motion Direction in Primary Visual Cortex

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (36) ◽  
pp. 12767-12777 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Wu ◽  
P. H. Tiesinga ◽  
T. R. Tucker ◽  
S. R. Mitroff ◽  
D. Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Population Response ◽  
Motion Direction ◽  
Dynamics Of Population

scholarly journals Population Response to Contextual Influences in the Primary Visual Cortex

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1293-1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elhanan Meirovithz ◽  
Inbal Ayzenshtat ◽  
Yoram S. Bonneh ◽  
Royi Itzhack ◽  
Uri Werner-Reiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Contextual Influences ◽  
Population Response

scholarly journals A theory of direction selectivity for Macaque primary visual cortex

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Logan Chariker ◽  
Robert Shapley ◽  
Michael Hawken ◽  
Lai-Sang Young
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Temporal Frequency ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Cortical Cell ◽  
Direction Selectivity ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
Visual Response ◽  
Response Dynamics

This paper offers a new theory for the origin of direction selectivity in the Macaque primary visual cortex, V1. Direction selectivity (DS) is essential for the perception of motion and control of pursuit eye movements. In the Macaque visual pathway, DS neurons first appear in V1, in the Simple cell population of the Magnocellular input layer 4Ca. The LGN cells that project to these cortical neurons, however, are not direction-selective. We hypothesize that DS is initiated in feedforward LGN input, in the summed responses of LGN cells afferent to a cortical cell, and it is achieved through the interplay of (a) different visual response dynamics of ON and OFF LGN cells, and (b) the wiring of ON and OFF LGN neurons to cortex. We identify specific temporal differences in the ON/OFF pathways that together with (b) produce distinct response time-courses in separated subregions; analysis and simulations confirm the efficacy of the mechanisms proposed. To constrain the theory, we present data on Simple cells in layer 4Ca in response to drifting gratings. About half of the cells were found to have high DS, and the DS was broad-band in spatial and temporal frequency (SF and TF). The proposed theory includes a complete analysis of how stimulus features such as SF and TF interact with ON/OFF dynamics and LGN-to-cortex wiring to determine the preferred direction and magnitude of DS.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal dynamics of neuronal population response in the primary visual cortex

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (23) ◽  
pp. 9517-9522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Zhou ◽  
Aaditya V. Rangan ◽  
David W. McLaughlin ◽  
David Cai
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Neuronal Population ◽  
Spatiotemporal Dynamics ◽  
Population Response

scholarly journals A theory of direction selectivity for macaque primary visual cortex

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (32) ◽  
pp. e2105062118
Author(s):  
Logan Chariker ◽  
Robert Shapley ◽  
Michael Hawken ◽  
Lai-Sang Young
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Temporal Frequency ◽  
Cortical Cell ◽  
Direction Selectivity ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
Visual Response ◽  
Response Dynamics ◽  
Preferred Direction

This paper offers a theory for the origin of direction selectivity (DS) in the macaque primary visual cortex, V1. DS is essential for the perception of motion and control of pursuit eye movements. In the macaque visual pathway, neurons with DS first appear in V1, in the Simple cell population of the Magnocellular input layer 4Cα. The lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) cells that project to these cortical neurons, however, are not direction selective. We hypothesize that DS is initiated in feed-forward LGN input, in the summed responses of LGN cells afferent to a cortical cell, and it is achieved through the interplay of 1) different visual response dynamics of ON and OFF LGN cells and 2) the wiring of ON and OFF LGN neurons to cortex. We identify specific temporal differences in the ON/OFF pathways that, together with item 2, produce distinct response time courses in separated subregions; analysis and simulations confirm the efficacy of the mechanisms proposed. To constrain the theory, we present data on Simple cells in layer 4Cα in response to drifting gratings. About half of the cells were found to have high DS, and the DS was broadband in spatial and temporal frequency (SF and TF). The proposed theory includes a complete analysis of how stimulus features such as SF and TF interact with ON/OFF dynamics and LGN-to-cortex wiring to determine the preferred direction and magnitude of DS.

scholarly journals Uncomfortable images produce non-sparse responses in a model of primary visual cortex

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 140535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul B. Hibbard ◽  
Louise O'Hare
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Natural Images ◽  
Neural Population ◽  
Population Response ◽  
Extreme Responses ◽  
Processing Of Visual Information

The processing of visual information by the nervous system requires significant metabolic resources. To minimize the energy needed, our visual system appears to be optimized to encode typical natural images as efficiently as possible. One consequence of this is that some atypical images will produce inefficient, non-optimal responses. Here, we show that images that are reported to be uncomfortable to view, and that can trigger migraine attacks and epileptic seizures, produce relatively non-sparse responses in a model of the primary visual cortex. In comparison with the responses to typical inputs, responses to aversive images were larger and less sparse. We propose that this difference in the neural population response may be one cause of visual discomfort in the general population, and can produce more extreme responses in clinical populations such as migraine and epilepsy sufferers.

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