scholarly journals The effects of selective attention to first- and second-order motion stimuli on motion aftereffect duration

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 649-649
Author(s):  
A.-S. Vecchio ◽  
M. W. Grunau
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Motion Aftereffect ◽  
Second Order

scholarly journals Type of Featural Attention Differentially Modulates hMT+ Responses to Illusory Motion Aftereffects

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 3016-3025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Castelo-Branco ◽  
Lajos R. Kozak ◽  
Elia Formisano ◽  
João Teixeira ◽  
João Xavier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Motion Aftereffect ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Real Surface ◽  
Illusory Motion ◽  
Real Motion ◽  
Motion Signal ◽  
Color Features ◽  
Motion Aftereffects ◽  
Global Activity

Activity in the human motion complex (hMT+/V5) is related to the perception of motion, be it either real surface motion or an illusion of motion such as apparent motion (AM) or motion aftereffect (MAE). It is a long-lasting debate whether illusory motion-related activations in hMT+ represent the motion itself or attention to it. We have asked whether hMT+ responses to MAEs are present when shifts in arousal are suppressed and attention is focused on concurrent motion versus nonmotion features. Significant enhancement of hMT+ activity was observed during MAEs when attention was focused either on concurrent spatial angle or color features. This observation was confirmed by direct comparison of adapting (MAE inducing) versus nonadapting conditions. In contrast, this effect was diminished when subjects had to report on concomitant speed changes of superimposed AM. The same finding was observed for concomitant orthogonal real motion (RM), suggesting that selective attention to concurrent illusory or real motion was interfering with the saliency of MAE signals in hMT+. We conclude that MAE-related changes in the global activity of hMT+ are present provided selective attention is not focused on an interfering feature such as concurrent motion. Accordingly, there is a genuine MAE-related motion signal in hMT+ that is neither explained by shifts in arousal nor by selective attention.

The Duration of the Motion Aftereffect following Adaptation to First-Order and Second-Order Motion

Perception ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1211-1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Ledgeway ◽  
Andrew T Smith
Keyword(s):  
Motion Aftereffect ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Adaptation Stimulus ◽  
Motion Patterns ◽  
First Order ◽  
Parallel Motion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cross Adaptation ◽  
Identification Threshold ◽  
Direction Opposite

The magnitude of the motion aftereffect (MAE) obtained following adaptation to first-order or to second-order motion was measured by estimating its duration. The second-order adaptation stimulus was composed of contrast-modulated noise produced by multiplying two-dimensional (2-D) noise by a drifting 1 cycle deg−1 sine grating. The first-order adaptation stimulus was composed of luminance-modulated noise produced by summing, rather than multiplying, the noise and the sine grating. The test stimuli were directionally ambiguous motion patterns composed of either two oppositely drifting sine gratings added to noise or the contrast-modulated equivalent. The adaptation and test stimuli were equated for visibility by presenting them at the same multiple of direction-identification threshold. All possible combinations of first-order and second-order adaptation and test stimuli were examined in order to compare the magnitudes of the MAEs obtained following same adaptation and cross adaptation. After adaptation the test stimuli always appeared to drift coherently in the direction opposite to that of adaptation and the magnitudes of this MAE were very similar for all conditions examined. Statistical analyses of the results showed that there was no significant difference between the durations of the MAEs obtained in the same-adaptation and cross-adaptation conditions. The cross-adaptation effects suggest that either first-order or second-order motion are detected by a common low-level mechanism, or that separate parallel motion-detecting mechanisms exist, for the two types of motion, that interact at some later stage of processing.

scholarly journals Emergent Filling In Induced by Motion Integration Reveals a High-Level Mechanism in Filling In

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 1534-1541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhicheng Lin ◽  
Sheng He
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Visual System ◽  
Motion Aftereffect ◽  
Local Motion ◽  
Lateral Occipital Complex ◽  
Middle Temporal ◽  
Dynamic Motion ◽  
Perceptual Completion ◽  
High Level ◽  
Symbolic Processes

The visual system is intelligent—it is capable of recovering a coherent surface from an incomplete one, a feat known as perceptual completion or filling in. Traditionally, it has been assumed that surface features are interpolated in a way that resembles the fragmented parts. Using displays featuring four circular apertures, we showed in the study reported here that a distinct completed feature (horizontal motion) arises from local ones (oblique motions)—we term this process emergent filling in. Adaptation to emergent filling-in motion generated a dynamic motion aftereffect that was not due to spreading of local motion from the isolated apertures. The filling-in motion aftereffect occurred in both modal and amodal completions, and it was modulated by selective attention. These findings highlight the importance of high-level interpolation processes in filling in and are consistent with the idea that during emergent filling in, the more cognitive-symbolic processes in later areas (e.g., the middle temporal visual area and the lateral occipital complex) provide important feedback signals to guide more isomorphic processes in earlier areas (V1 and V2).

scholarly journals Separate motion-detecting mechanisms for first- and second-order patterns revealed by rapid forms of visual motion priming and motion aftereffect

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 27-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pavan ◽  
G. Campana ◽  
M. Guerreschi ◽  
M. Manassi ◽  
C. Casco
Keyword(s):  
Visual Motion ◽  
Motion Aftereffect ◽  
Second Order

Modulation of the motion aftereffect by selective attention

Nature ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 344 (6261) ◽  
pp. 60-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avi Chaudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Motion Aftereffect

scholarly journals Asymmetric transfer of the dynamic motion aftereffect between first- and second-order cues and among different second-order cues

10.1167/7.8.1 ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Schofield ◽  
Timothy Ledgeway ◽  
Claire V. Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Motion Aftereffect ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Dynamic Motion
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