scholarly journals Field studies of color perception in the natural environment

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 65-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Henry
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Color Perception ◽  
Field Studies

scholarly journals How to organise limited space: Micro-regionalisation of La Digue island (Seychelles)

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Henryk Jędrusik
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Field Observation ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Environmental Features ◽  
Limited Space ◽  
Functional Regions ◽  
Individual Features

Abstarct Islands, especially small ones, are commonly studied as microcosms of natural and social processes. In this article, La Digue island (10 km2) in the Seychelles archipelago was treated as such. An attempt was made to analyse the significance of the natural environment for the features of spatial development under conditions of intense globalisation. For this purpose, functional micro-regions were determined, along with their genesis and evolution. Spatial dynamics and individual features of space are presented as chorème (Brunet 1986). The analysis was based on data from a library query and field observation and field studies in July 2018. Twelve functional regions were determined. Analysis of the distribution and evolution of their functions reveals a high dependence on natural environmental features, especially topography, and thus confirms (at the scale in question) a geographical determinism.

scholarly journals Presence of Pathogen-killed Larvae Influences Nesting Behavior of the Alfalfa Leafcutting Bee (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen G Klinger ◽  
Dennis L Welker ◽  
Rosalind R James
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Nesting Behavior ◽  
Megachile Rotundata ◽  
Fungal Exposure ◽  
Nesting Sites ◽  
Alfalfa Seed ◽  
Nesting Patterns

Abstract The alfalfa leafcutting bee (Megachile rotundata (Fabricius)), a commercial pollinator used for alfalfa seed production, is susceptible to chalkbrood disease via ingested fungal spores. Diseases of insects can elicit behavioral changes in their hosts, but there are no recorded behaviors of alfalfa leafcutting bees in response to this fungal exposure. We conducted field studies to determine whether bees in pathogen-dense environments altered their nesting patterns, specifically if bees exposed to fungal spores produced higher numbers of nest cells and whether the proportions of nest cells that failed as eggs or small larvae (a state known as ‘pollen ball’) were greater. We found that our control bees, nontreated bees which were not exposed to chalkbrood spores other than those in the natural environment, had the highest proportion of pollen ball cells. Bees experimentally exposed to infective spores created the lowest number of nests and the fewest cells. Bees experimentally exposed to heat killed noninfective spores produced the greatest number of nests and cells overall and the greatest number of healthy progeny. We conclude that there are underlying behaviors that are elicited in response to the presence of chalkbrood spores that reduce the proportion of failed nest cells (grooming) and increase retention of bees at nesting sites (delay of bee emergence). Through further study of these behaviors, bee managers can potentially increase the productivity of their bee populations.

scholarly journals Milk Composition of Asian Elephants (Elephas maximus) in a Natural Environment in Myanmar during Late Lactation

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen S. Dierenfeld ◽  
Yadana A. M. Han ◽  
Khyne U. Mar ◽  
Aung Aung ◽  
Aung Thura Soe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Asian Elephants ◽  
Feeding Management ◽  
Captive Populations

The nutritional content of milk from free-living Asian elephants has not previously been reported, despite being vital for better management of captive populations. This study analyzed both milk composition and consumed plant species of Asian elephants managed in their natural environment in Myanmar. Longitudinal samples (n = 36) were obtained during both the wet and the dry season from six mature females in mid to late lactation in 2016 and 2017. Milk composition averaged 82.44% water, with 17.56% total solids containing 5.23% protein, 15.10% fat, 0.87% ash, and 0.18 µg/mL vitamin E. Solids and protein increased with lactation month. Total protein in milk was higher during the wet vs. the dry season. Observed factors linked with maternal (age, parity, size and origin) and calf traits (sex) had significant associations with milk nutrient levels. Primary forages consumed contained moderate protein and fiber. Higher dietary protein during the wet season (11–25%) compared to the dry season (6–19%) may be linked with increased milk protein observed. Our results call for further field studies of milk and diet composition, over entire seasons/lactation periods, and across maternal and calf traits, to improve feeding management, with an overall goal of maximized health and survival.

scholarly journals How to organise limited space: Micro-regionalisation of La Digue island (Seychelles)

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Maciej Henryk Jędrusik
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Field Observation ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Environmental Features ◽  
Limited Space ◽  
Functional Regions ◽  
Individual Features

AbstractIslands, especially small ones, are commonly studied as microcosms of natural and social processes. In this article, La Digue island (10 km2) in the Seychelles archipelago was treated as such. An attempt was made to analyse the significance of the natural environment for the features of spatial development under conditions of intense globalisation. For this purpose, functional micro-regions were determined, along with their genesis and evolution. Spatial dynamics and individual features of space are presented as chorème (Brunet 1986). The analysis was based on data from a library query and field observation and field studies in July 2018. Twelve functional regions were determined. Analysis of the distribution and evolution of their functions reveals a high dependence on natural environmental features, especially topography, and thus confirms (at the scale in question) a geographical determinism.

scholarly journals Hydrological processes in a lagoon-channel estuary during the warm period of the year: a study of the Bolshaya river mouth, West Kamchatka

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-13
Author(s):  
S. L. Gorin ◽  
A. A. Popryadukhin ◽  
M. V. Koval'
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Warm Period ◽  
Hydrological Processes ◽  
Regions Of Russia ◽  
Term Field

Based on long-term field studies, we investigated the hydrological regime of the lagoon-channel estuary of the Bolshaya river. This river is located in the Kamchatka Krai, which is one of the most remote and underdeveloped regions of Russia. Numerous observations were made of the estuary and its processes, and the natural environment in which it exists.

Physical experiments in geomorphology

2021 ◽  
pp. M58-2021-3
Author(s):  
Michael Church
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Critical Test ◽  
Wide Acceptance ◽  
Physical Experiments ◽  
Geomorphological Processes ◽  
Firm Evidence

AbstractAn experiment is a program of observations specially constructed to provide a critical test of theory or generalization about nature. It is designed to acquire firm evidence for or against the effect in question. Accordingly, it must be arranged to control all sources of variability contributing to the phenomena under examination save those it is intended to study. In the natural environment this is difficult to achieve. Consequently, classical geomorphology had no established tradition of experimentation. However, in the latter third of the 20th century, geomorphologists began to explore experimentation as a means to resolve questions that arise in the study of geomorphological processes. In the period 1976-84 an IGU commission on field experiments in geomorphology formally established an interest in the approach. Although few field studies before the turn of the century achieved experimental status, valuable experience was gained in laboratory experiments, scaled and unscaled, leading to present wide acceptance of experimentation as a means to approach questions about geomorphological processes.

scholarly journals Rural cemeteries of Russian in natural environment culture of Western Siberia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 183-188
Author(s):  
I. V. Mezhevikin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Economic Activities

Rural cemeteries of Russian, being an element of the cultural landscape of the territories, are integrated into the natural environment culture. The territory of the cemetery is sacred. However, the features of the terrain and the economic activities of the population directly affect on the funeral and memorial practice. The arrangement of burial places is influenced by the composition of the soil, the presence and quality of forests in the area of the settlement, and the economiсal pattern. The study summarizes field field studies of Russian cemeteries in Western Siberia for 2009–2020.

Random isn't real: How the patchy distribution of ecological rewards may generate “incentive hope”

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel Symes ◽  
Thalia Wheatley
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Random Distribution ◽  
Spatiotemporal Distribution ◽  
Patchy Distribution ◽  
Distribution Of Resources

AbstractAnselme & Güntürkün generate exciting new insights by integrating two disparate fields to explain why uncertain rewards produce strong motivational effects. Their conclusions are developed in a framework that assumes a random distribution of resources, uncommon in the natural environment. We argue that, by considering a realistically clumped spatiotemporal distribution of resources, their conclusions will be stronger and more complete.

Extreme self-sacrifice beyond fusion: Moral expansiveness and the special case of allyship

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Crimston ◽  
Matthew J. Hornsey
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Biological Markers ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Relevant Dimension ◽  
Special Case

AbstractAs a general theory of extreme self-sacrifice, Whitehouse's article misses one relevant dimension: people's willingness to fight and die in support of entities not bound by biological markers or ancestral kinship (allyship). We discuss research on moral expansiveness, which highlights individuals’ capacity to self-sacrifice for targets that lie outside traditional in-group markers, including racial out-groups, animals, and the natural environment.

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