scholarly journals Adaptation to non-numeric features reveals mechanisms of visual number encoding

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 93c
Author(s):  
Cory D Bonn ◽  
Darko Odic
Keyword(s):  
Visual Number

Size invariance in visual number discrimination

1991 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
J�ri Allik ◽  
Tiia Tuulmets ◽  
Piet G. Vos
Keyword(s):  
Number Discrimination ◽  
Size Invariance ◽  
Visual Number

The visual number world: A dynamic approach to study the mathematical mind

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Hartmann ◽  
Jochen Laubrock ◽  
Martin H Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Cognition ◽  
Mental Arithmetic ◽  
Simultaneous Presentation ◽  
Language Research ◽  
On Line ◽  
Arithmetic Performance ◽  
Mathematical Mind ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Visual Number

In the domain of language research, the simultaneous presentation of a visual scene and its auditory description (i.e., the visual world paradigm) has been used to reveal the timing of mental mechanisms. Here we apply this rationale to the domain of numerical cognition in order to explore the differences between fast and slow arithmetic performance, and to further study the role of spatial-numerical associations during mental arithmetic. We presented 30 healthy adults simultaneously with visual displays containing four numbers and with auditory addition and subtraction problems. Analysis of eye movements revealed that participants look spontaneously at the numbers they currently process (operands, solution). Faster performance was characterized by shorter latencies prior to fixating the relevant numbers and fewer revisits to the first operand while computing the solution. These signatures of superior task performance were more pronounced for addition and visual numbers arranged in ascending order, and for subtraction and numbers arranged in descending order (compared to the opposite pairings). Our results show that the “visual number world”-paradigm provides on-line access to the mind during mental arithmetic, is able to capture variability in arithmetic performance, and is sensitive to visual layout manipulations that are otherwise not reflected in response time measurements.

scholarly journals Visual number sense in untrained deep neural networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. eabd6127
Author(s):  
Gwangsu Kim ◽  
Jaeson Jang ◽  
Seungdae Baek ◽  
Min Song ◽  
Se-Bum Paik
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cues ◽  
Deep Neural Network ◽  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Number Sense ◽  
Visual Stream ◽  
Number Comparison ◽  
Ventral Visual Stream ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Visual Number

Number sense, the ability to estimate numerosity, is observed in naïve animals, but how this cognitive function emerges in the brain remains unclear. Here, using an artificial deep neural network that models the ventral visual stream of the brain, we show that number-selective neurons can arise spontaneously, even in the complete absence of learning. We also show that the responses of these neurons can induce the abstract number sense, the ability to discriminate numerosity independent of low-level visual cues. We found number tuning in a randomly initialized network originating from a combination of monotonically decreasing and increasing neuronal activities, which emerges spontaneously from the statistical properties of bottom-up projections. We confirmed that the responses of these number-selective neurons show the single- and multineuron characteristics observed in the brain and enable the network to perform number comparison tasks. These findings provide insight into the origin of innate cognitive functions.

Multitudes are adaptable magnitudes in the estimation of number

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank H. Durgin
Keyword(s):  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Visual Adaptation ◽  
Number Comparison ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Number Perception ◽  
Visual Number

AbstractVisual number comparison does not require participants to choose a unit, whereas units are fundamental to the definition of number. Studies using magnitude estimation rather than comparison show that number perception is compressed dramatically past about 20 units. Even estimates of 5–20 items are increasingly susceptible to effects of visual adaptation, suggesting a rather narrow range in which subitizing-like categorization processes blend into greater reliance on adaptable magnitude information.

scholarly journals Response: Visual number

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. R857-R858 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Burr ◽  
John Ross
Keyword(s):  
Visual Number

scholarly journals Influence of Alcohol and Cognitive Capacity on Visual Number Judgements

Perception ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-51
Author(s):  
Alistair J. Harvey ◽  
Molly Seedhouse
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Memory Capacity ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Acute Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Alcohol Condition ◽  
Perceptual Impairment ◽  
Perceptual Capacity ◽  
Visual Number

We used an enumeration task to address the question of whether acute alcohol intoxication reduces cognitive or perceptual capacity. To control for individual differences in cognitive resources, we took a sober record of each participant’s working memory capacity (WMC). Alcohol was expected to impair enumeration performance, either for the automatic parallel counting of small stimulus sets indicating a perceptual impairment, or the controlled counting or estimating of larger sets indicating a cognitive impairment. Enumeration showed an overall decline in accuracy following a vodka beverage and the deficit was negligible for small sets, which is inconsistent with a loss of perceptual capacity. Having a higher WMC facilitated the enumeration of larger sets and the correlation between WMC and accuracy was stronger in the alcohol condition suggesting that low-WMC participants were more impaired by the beverage. Our findings therefore suggest that alcohol diminished cognitive rather than perceptual capacity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document