scholarly journals Relational Interactions between Visual Memory Representations Increase with Maintenance Duration

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 77a
Author(s):  
Paul S Scotti ◽  
Yoolim Hong ◽  
Andrew B Leber ◽  
Julie D Golomb
Keyword(s):  
Visual Memory ◽  
Memory Representations ◽  
Relational Interactions

Effects of stimulus structure and target-distracter similarity on the development of visual memory representations in schizophrenia

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Silverstein ◽  
Shabnam Bakshi ◽  
Scott Nuernberger ◽  
Kelly Carpinello ◽  
Sandra Wilkniss
Keyword(s):  
Visual Memory ◽  
Memory Representations

scholarly journals Quantifying Aphantasia through drawing: Those without visual imagery show deficits in object but not spatial memory

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilma A. Bainbridge ◽  
Zoë Pounder ◽  
Alison F. Eardley ◽  
Chris I. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Memory Errors ◽  
Perceptual Condition ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Symbolic Information ◽  
Specific Memory ◽  
Memory Representations

AbstractCongenital aphantasia is a recently characterized experience defined by the inability to form voluntary visual imagery, in spite of intact semantic memory, recognition memory, and visual perception. Because of this specific deficit to visual imagery, aphantasia serves as an ideal population for probing the nature of representations in visual memory, particularly the interplay of object, spatial, and symbolic information. Here, we conducted a large-scale online study of aphantasics and revealed a dissociation in object and spatial content in their memory representations. Sixty-one aphantasics and matched controls with typical imagery studied real-world scene images, and were asked to draw them from memory, and then later copy them during a matched perceptual condition. Drawings were objectively quantified by 2,795 online scorers for object and spatial details. Aphantasics recalled significantly fewer objects than controls, with less color in their drawings, and an increased reliance on verbal scaffolding. However, aphantasics showed incredibly high spatial accuracy, equivalent to controls, and made significantly fewer memory errors. These differences between groups only manifested during recall, with no differences between groups during the matched perceptual condition. This object-specific memory impairment in aphantasics provides evidence for separate systems in memory that support object versus spatial information.

Long-Term Memory for Haptically Explored Objects: Fidelity, Durability, Incidental Encoding, and Cross-Modal Transfer

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 2031-2038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Hutmacher ◽  
Christof Kuhbandner
Keyword(s):  
Visual Memory ◽  
Haptic Perception ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Everyday Objects ◽  
Memory Representations ◽  
Incidental Encoding ◽  
Basic Level

The question of how many of our perceptual experiences are stored in long-term memory has received considerable attention. The present study examined long-term memory for haptic experiences. Blindfolded participants haptically explored 168 everyday objects (e.g., a pen) for 10 s each. In a blindfolded memory test, they indicated which of two objects from the same basic-level category (e.g., two different pens) had been touched before. As shown in Experiment 1 ( N = 26), memory was nearly perfect when tested immediately after exploration (94%) and still high when tested after 1 week (85%). As shown in Experiment 2 ( N = 43), when participants explored the objects without the intention to memorize them, memory in a 1-week delayed surprise test was still high (79%), even when assessed with a cross-modal visual memory test (73%). These results indicate that detailed, durable, long-term memory representations are stored as a natural product of haptic perception.

scholarly journals Working memory representations in visual cortex mediate distraction effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace E. Hallenbeck ◽  
Thomas C. Sprague ◽  
Masih Rahmati ◽  
Kartik K. Sreenivasan ◽  
Clayton E. Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Neural Representation ◽  
Association Cortex ◽  
Catastrophic Loss ◽  
Visual Tasks ◽  
Early Visual Cortex ◽  
Memory Representations ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAlthough the contents of working memory can be decoded from visual cortex activity, these representations may play a limited role if they are not robust to distraction. We used model-based fMRI to estimate the impact of distracting visual tasks on working memory representations in several visual field maps in visual and frontoparietal association cortex. Here, we show distraction causes the fidelity of working memory representations to briefly dip when both the memorandum and distractor are jointly encoded by the population activities. Distraction induces small biases in memory errors which can be predicted by biases in neural decoding in early visual cortex, but not other regions. Although distraction briefly disrupts working memory representations, the widespread redundancy with which working memory information is encoded may protect against catastrophic loss. In early visual cortex, the neural representation of information in working memory and behavioral performance are intertwined, solidifying its importance in visual memory.

scholarly journals Visual Memories Bypass Normalization

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 845-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilona M. Bloem ◽  
Yurika L. Watanabe ◽  
Melissa M. Kibbe ◽  
Sam Ling
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Visual Perception ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Visual Representations ◽  
Neural Computation ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Visual Inputs ◽  
Memory Representations ◽  
Visual Cortices ◽  
Insight Into

How distinct are visual memory representations from visual perception? Although evidence suggests that briefly remembered stimuli are represented within early visual cortices, the degree to which these memory traces resemble true visual representations remains something of a mystery. Here, we tested whether both visual memory and perception succumb to a seemingly ubiquitous neural computation: normalization. Observers were asked to remember the contrast of visual stimuli, which were pitted against each other to promote normalization either in perception or in visual memory. Our results revealed robust normalization between visual representations in perception, yet no signature of normalization occurring between working memory stores—neither between representations in memory nor between memory representations and visual inputs. These results provide unique insight into the nature of visual memory representations, illustrating that visual memory representations follow a different set of computational rules, bypassing normalization, a canonical visual computation.

The existence of internal visual memory representations

2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 1002-1003
Author(s):  
Jennifer D. Ryan ◽  
Neal J. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Change Detection ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Visual Representations ◽  
Visual World ◽  
Memory Research ◽  
Visual Objects ◽  
The World ◽  
Memory Representations

Although O'Regan & Noë (O&N) claim that the world may serve as the viewers' external visual memory, findings from the field of memory research have demonstrated the existence of internal visual representations. These representations are stored in the viewer's brain, contain information regarding visual objects and their relations, guide subsequent exploration of the visual world and promote change detection.

Transient Working Memory Representations That Govern Intentional S-R Translation

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nachshon Meiran ◽  
Yoav Kessler ◽  
Oshrit Cohen-Kdoshai ◽  
Ravid Elenbogen
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Memory Representations
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