scholarly journals Determining the impact of form deprived vision on guinea pig ciliary body development

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Andrew Pucker ◽  
Ashley R. Jackson ◽  
Kirk M. McHugh ◽  
Donald O. Mutti
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Ciliary Body ◽  
Body Development ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Morphological Variations of Wild Populations of Brycon dentex (Characidae, Teleostei) in the Guayas Hydrographic Basin (Ecuador). The Impact of Fishing Policies and Environmental Conditions

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1901
Author(s):  
Ana Gonzalez-Martinez ◽  
Carmen De-Pablos-Heredero ◽  
Martin González ◽  
Jorge Rodriguez ◽  
Cecilio Barba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
Fishing Pressure ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Morphometric Variation ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Body Development ◽  
The Impact

The Guayas, located in Ecuador, is the largest basin in the Pacific Ocean and has an inventory of 123 native freshwater species. Most of these are endemic species that are threatened or at-risk due to anthropogenic activity and the modification, fragmentation, and destruction of habitats. The aim of this study was to determine the morphometric variation in three wild populations of Brycon dentex in the Guayas basin rivers and their connections to fishing management and environmental conditions. A total of 200 mature fish were captured, and 26 morphometric parameters were measured. The fishing policies (Hypothesis 1) and environmental conditions (Hypothesis 2) were considered fixed factors and were validated by t-tests. The morphological variation among the three populations (Hypothesis 3) was validated through a discriminant analysis. Fishing policies and resource management were found to generate morphological differences associated with body development. In addition, the environmental conditions were found to influence the size and structure of Brycon dentex populations. The analyzed populations were discriminated by the generated morphometric models, which differentiated Cluster 1 (Quevedo and Mocache rivers) with high fishing pressure from Cluster 2 (Pintado river) with medium–low fishing pressure. Morphometric differentiation by discriminant analysis is a direct and economic methodology that can be applied as an indicator of diversity maintenance.

scholarly journals Novel antibody binding determinants on the capsid surface of serotype O foot-and-mouth disease virus

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 1104-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin S. Asfor ◽  
Sasmita Upadhyaya ◽  
Nick J. Knowles ◽  
Donald P. King ◽  
David J. Paton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Antigenic Sites ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
The Impact

Five neutralizing antigenic sites have been described for serotype O foot-and-mouth disease viruses (FMDV) based on monoclonal antibody (mAb) escape mutant studies. However, a mutant virus selected to escape neutralization of mAb binding at all five sites was previously shown to confer complete cross-protection with the parental virus in guinea pig challenge studies, suggesting that amino acid residues outside the mAb binding sites contribute to antibody-mediated in vivo neutralization of FMDV. Comparison of the ability of bovine antisera to neutralize a panel of serotype O FMDV identified three novel putative sites at VP2-74, VP2-191 and VP3-85, where amino acid substitutions correlated with changes in sero-reactivity. The impact of these positions was tested using site-directed mutagenesis to effect substitutions at critical amino acid residues within an infectious copy of FMDV O1 Kaufbeuren (O1K). Recovered viruses containing additional mutations at VP2-74 and VP2-191 exhibited greater resistance to neutralization with both O1K guinea pig and O BFS bovine antisera than a virus that was engineered to include only mutations at the five known antigenic sites. The changes at VP2-74 and VP3-85 are adjacent to critical amino acids that define antigenic sites 2 and 4, respectively. However VP2-191 (17 Å away from VP2-72), located at the threefold axis and more distant from previously identified antigenic sites, exhibited the most profound effect. These findings extend our knowledge of the surface features of the FMDV capsid known to elicit neutralizing antibodies, and will improve our strategies for vaccine strain selection and rational vaccine design.

scholarly journals The Guinea Pig as a Model for Sporadic Alzheimer’s Disease (AD): The Impact of Cholesterol Intake on Expression of AD-Related Genes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. e66235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew J. Sharman ◽  
Seyyed H. Moussavi Nik ◽  
Mengqi M. Chen ◽  
Daniel Ong ◽  
Linda Wijaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Sporadic Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Cholesterol Intake ◽  
The Impact

Impact of parainfluenza-3 virus infection on endothelin receptor density and function in guinea pig airways

2002 ◽  
Vol 103 (s2002) ◽  
pp. 345S-348S ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela C. D'APRILE ◽  
Lynette B. FERNANDES ◽  
Paul J. RIGBY ◽  
Roy G. GOLDIE
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Tracheal Smooth Muscle ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Receptor Density ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

We examined the impact of parainfluenza-3 (P-3) respiratory tract viral infection on the density and function of endothelin (ET) receptor subtypes (ETA and ETB) in guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle. Total specific binding of [125I]ET-1 and the relative proportions of ETA and ETB binding sites for this ligand were assessed at day 0 (control) and at 2, 4, 8 and 16 days post-inoculation. At day 0, the proportions of ETA and ETB binding sites were 30% and 70% respectively. Total specific binding was significantly reduced at day 4 post-inoculation (32% reduction, n = 8–12, P<0.05) and was largely due to a corresponding fall in ETB receptor density at this time point (38% reduction, n = 8–12, P<0.05). The density of ETA receptors also fell significantly at day 8 post-inoculation (33% reduction, n = 6–12, P<0.05). By day 16 post-inoculation, the densities of ETA and ETB receptors had recovered to control values. The ratio of ETA:ETB receptor subtypes did not alter with P-3 infection. While P-3 infection reduced the density of tracheal smooth muscle ETA and ETB receptors, the contractile sensitivity and maximum response to carbachol and ET-1 was not altered in tissue from day 4 post-inoculation compared with the control. There seems to be a significant functional reserve for both receptor subtypes in this species that buffers the impact of P-3 infection on airway smooth muscle responsiveness to ET-1.

Notch signaling in the pigmented epithelium of the anterior eye segment promotes ciliary body development at the expense of iris formation

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 580-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhushan Sarode ◽  
Craig S. Nowell ◽  
JongEun Ihm ◽  
Corinne Kostic ◽  
Yvan Arsenijevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Notch Signaling ◽  
Ciliary Body ◽  
Body Development ◽  
Anterior Eye Segment ◽  
Pigmented Epithelium

Comparison of interactions of R-(+)- and S-(−)-isomers of β-adrenergic partial agonists, befunolol and carteolol, with high affinity site of β-adrenoceptors in isolated rabbit ciliary body and guinea-pig taenia caeci

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 951-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuo Koike ◽  
Hisashi Hagiwara ◽  
Issei Takayanagi
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Binding Site ◽  
Ciliary Body ◽  
Partial Agonist ◽  
Affinity Binding ◽  
High Affinity Binding ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Partial Agonists ◽  
High Affinity Binding Site

The stereoselectivities of β-adrenergic partial agonists for the high affinity binding site of β-adrenoceptors in the rabbit ciliary body and the guinea-pig taenia caeci were studied. The pA2 values of the S-(−)-isomers of befunolol and carteolol against S-(−)-isoprenaline, which were calculated from the shift of each concentration–response curve in increasing cyclic AMP levels, were significantly larger than those of the R-(+)-isomers in the guinea-pig taenia caeci, while the pA2 values of the S-(−)-isomers were not significantly larger than those of the R-(+)-isomers in the rabbit ciliary body. The pKi values determined from the binding experiments were in good agreement with the pA2 values from the increases in cyclic AMP levels. These results suggest that the high affinity binding site of β-adrenoceptors in the guinea-pig taenia caeci may be able to discriminate stereoselectively between the R-(+)- and S-(−)-isomers, while in the rabbit ciliary body there is no stereoselectivity between the two enantiomers.Key words: stereoselectivity, β-adrenoceptor, partial agonist, rabbit ciliary body, guinea-pig taenia caeci.

scholarly journals The impact of genome length on replication and genome stability of the herpesvirus guinea pig cytomegalovirus

Virology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 386 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Cui ◽  
Alistair McGregor ◽  
Mark R. Schleiss ◽  
Michael A. McVoy
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Genome Stability ◽  
Genome Length ◽  
Guinea Pig Cytomegalovirus ◽  
The Impact
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