scholarly journals What is the Perceptual Deficit in Developmental Prosopagnosia?

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irving Biederman ◽  
Eshed Margalit ◽  
Rafael Maarek ◽  
Emily Meschke ◽  
Bryan Shilowich
Keyword(s):  
Perceptual Deficit

scholarly journals Characterizing developmental prosopagnosia beyond face perception: Impaired recollection but intact familiarity recognition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Stumps ◽  
Elyana Saad ◽  
David Rothlein ◽  
Mieke Verfaellie ◽  
Joseph DeGutis
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Face Perception ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
High Confidence ◽  
Perceptual Deficit ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Confidence Ratings

Converging lines of research suggests that many developmental prosopagnosics (DPs) have impairments beyond face perception, but currently no framework exists to characterize these impaired mechanisms. One potential extra-perceptual deficit is that DPs encode/retrieve faces in a distinct manner from controls that does not sufficiently support individuation. To test this possibility, 30 DPs and 30 matched controls performed an old/new face recognition task while providing confidence ratings, to which a model-based ROC analysis was applied. DPs had significantly reduced recollection compared to controls, driven by fewer ‘high-confidence target’ responses, but intact familiarity. Recollection and face perception ability uniquely predicted objective and subjective prosopagnosia symptoms, together explaining 51% and 56% of the variance, respectively. These results suggest that a specific deficit in face recollection in DP may represent a core aspect of the difficulty in confidently identifying an individual by their face.

Oral Sensation and Perception in Dysarthric Adults

1973 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Creech ◽  
Robert T. Wertz ◽  
John C. Rosenbek
Keyword(s):  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Sensory Deficit ◽  
Perceptual Deficit ◽  
Oral Sensory ◽  
Normal Adults

The purpose of this study was twofold: first, to compare normal adults and adults demonstrating dysarthria on three measures of oral sensation and perception; and second, to determine whether sensory deficit in the dysarthric Ss, if present, was significantly related to severity of dysarthria and speech intelligibility. Results indicate the dysarthric Ss displayed significant oral sensory and perceptual deficit on all three measures; however, correlations among oral sensory and perceptual deficit, severity of dysarthria, and speech intelligibility were not significant.

Auditory perceptual deficit correlated with EEG dysrhythmias: Response to diphenylhydantoin sodium

Neurology ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 870-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Millichap ◽  
R. W. Egan ◽  
Z. H. Hart ◽  
L. H. Sturgis
Keyword(s):  
Perceptual Deficit

Perceptual Deficit during a Mental Task

Science ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 157 (3785) ◽  
pp. 218-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kahneman ◽  
J. Beatty ◽  
I. Pollack
Keyword(s):  
Mental Task ◽  
Perceptual Deficit

scholarly journals Surprise-induced Deafness: Unexpected Auditory Stimuli Capture Attention to the Detriment of Subsequent Detection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Obana ◽  
Stephen Wee Hun Lim ◽  
Christopher L. Asplund
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Blink ◽  
Attentional Capture ◽  
Attentional Control ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Auditory Presentation ◽  
Natural Sounds ◽  
Probe Detection ◽  
Perceptual Deficit ◽  
Task Irrelevant

Our attention is often captured by unexpected or unusual sounds. Such stimulus- driven control of attention can be adaptive, as potentially relevant events need to be quickly evaluated and acted upon. Attentional capture, however, comes with a cost: Ongoing tasks may be disrupted. In a series of seven experiments (n=773), we investigated the effects of task-irrelevant, rare, and relatively unexpected sounds (“surprise stimuli”) on probe detection in rapid auditory presentation (RAP) streams. Surprise stimuli caused “Surprise-induced Deafness” (SiD), a severe detection deficit that lasted for under one second within each trial and gradually habituated across several trials. SiD was sensitive to informational “surprise”, with larger deficits following stimuli that were infrequent or varied across trials. The effect also generalized: Natural sounds or constructed stimuli could disrupt detection of either spoken letters or simple tones. We also compared SiD to the auditory attentional blink (AAB), a similar paradigm in which goal-directed target processing disrupts probe detection. We found that the two deficits were weakly correlated. We conclude that SiD is a novel perceptual deficit that primarily reflects stimulus-driven attentional capture. It may involve other forms of attentional control as well, thereby reflecting multiple attentional influences on awareness.

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