scholarly journals Fast periodic visual stimulation reveals face familiarity processing across image variability in the human adult brain

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Friederike Zimmermann ◽  
Bruno Rossion
Keyword(s):  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Human Adult ◽  
Image Variability

scholarly journals Human brain glycogen content and metabolism: implications on its role in brain energy metabolism

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (3) ◽  
pp. E946-E951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülin Öz ◽  
Elizabeth R. Seaquist ◽  
Anjali Kumar ◽  
Amy B. Criego ◽  
Luke E. Benedict ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Glycogen Metabolism ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Brain Glycogen ◽  
Free Glucose ◽  
Time Courses

The adult brain relies on glucose for its energy needs and stores it in the form of glycogen, primarily in astrocytes. Animal and culture studies indicate that brain glycogen may support neuronal function when the glucose supply from the blood is inadequate and/or during neuronal activation. However, the concentration of glycogen and rates of its metabolism in the human brain are unknown. We used in vivo localized 13C-NMR spectroscopy to measure glycogen content and turnover in the human brain. Nine healthy volunteers received intravenous infusions of [1-13C]glucose for durations ranging from 6 to 50 h, and brain glycogen labeling and washout were measured in the occipital lobe for up to 84 h. The labeling kinetics suggest that turnover is the main mechanism of label incorporation into brain glycogen. Upon fitting a model of glycogen metabolism to the time courses of newly synthesized glycogen, human brain glycogen content was estimated at ∼3.5 μmol/g, i.e., three- to fourfold higher than free glucose at euglycemia. Turnover of bulk brain glycogen occurred at a rate of 0.16 μmol·g−1·h−1, implying that complete turnover requires 3–5 days. Twenty minutes of visual stimulation ( n = 5) did not result in detectable glycogen utilization in the visual cortex, as judged from similar [13C]glycogen levels before and after stimulation. We conclude that the brain stores a substantial amount of glycogen relative to free glucose and metabolizes this store very slowly under normal physiology.

Identification and immunocytochemical localization of a human adult brain-specific antigen (HABSA)

1983 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-130
Author(s):  
I. R. Kehayov ◽  
S. D. Kyurkchiev ◽  
M. S. Davidoff ◽  
P. G. Galabov
Keyword(s):  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Immunocytochemical Localization ◽  
Human Adult

A novel form of human neuropsin, a brain-related serine protease, is generated by alternative splicing and is expressed preferentially in human adult brain

1999 ◽  
Vol 260 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichi Mitsui ◽  
Nobuo Tsuruoka ◽  
Kyoko Yamashiro ◽  
Hiroshi Nakazato ◽  
Nozomi Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Serine Protease ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Human Adult

scholarly journals Adult Neurogenesis: A Story Ranging from Controversial New Neurogenic Areas and Human Adult Neurogenesis to Molecular Regulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 11489
Author(s):  
Perla Leal-Galicia ◽  
María Elena Chávez-Hernández ◽  
Florencia Mata ◽  
Jesús Mata-Luévanos ◽  
Luis Miguel Rodríguez-Serrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Neurogenesis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Human Adult ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Division Process ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Functional Relevance ◽  
Local Circuitry ◽  
The Brain

The generation of new neurons in the adult brain is a currently accepted phenomenon. Over the past few decades, the subventricular zone and the hippocampal dentate gyrus have been described as the two main neurogenic niches. Neurogenic niches generate new neurons through an asymmetric division process involving several developmental steps. This process occurs throughout life in several species, including humans. These new neurons possess unique properties that contribute to the local circuitry. Despite several efforts, no other neurogenic zones have been observed in many years; the lack of observation is probably due to technical issues. However, in recent years, more brain niches have been described, once again breaking the current paradigms. Currently, a debate in the scientific community about new neurogenic areas of the brain, namely, human adult neurogenesis, is ongoing. Thus, several open questions regarding new neurogenic niches, as well as this phenomenon in adult humans, their functional relevance, and their mechanisms, remain to be answered. In this review, we discuss the literature and provide a compressive overview of the known neurogenic zones, traditional zones, and newly described zones. Additionally, we will review the regulatory roles of some molecular mechanisms, such as miRNAs, neurotrophic factors, and neurotrophins. We also join the debate on human adult neurogenesis, and we will identify similarities and differences in the literature and summarize the knowledge regarding these interesting topics.

scholarly journals Proximity ligation assay reveals both pre- and postsynaptic localization of the APP-processing enzymes ADAM10 and BACE1 in rat and human adult brain

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta L. Lundgren ◽  
Lina Vandermeulen ◽  
Anna Sandebring-Matton ◽  
Saheeb Ahmed ◽  
Bengt Winblad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Brain ◽  
Proximity Ligation Assay ◽  
App Processing ◽  
Processing Enzymes ◽  
Proximity Ligation ◽  
Human Adult

scholarly journals Identification Of Mitotically Competent SOX2+ Cells In White Matter Of Normal Human Adult Brain

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Oliver-De la Cruz ◽  
Josefa Carrion-Navarro ◽  
Antonio Gutierrez-Martin ◽  
Carmen Escobedo-Lucea ◽  
Jose Manuel Garcia-Verdugo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Human Adult ◽  
Normal Human

Polymorphic imprinting of the serotonin-2A (5-HT2A) receptor gene in human adult brain

1998 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Bunzel ◽  
Ingmar Blümcke ◽  
Sven Cichon ◽  
Sabine Normann ◽  
Johannes Schramm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Human Adult ◽  
Serotonin 2A

Expression of ADAM-17, TIMP-3 and fractalkine in the human adult brain endothelial cell line, hCMEC/D3, following pro-inflammatory cytokine treatment

2009 ◽  
Vol 210 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 108-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise A. Hurst ◽  
Rowena A.D. Bunning ◽  
Pierre-Olivier Couraud ◽  
Ignacio A. Romero ◽  
Babette B. Weksler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Brain Endothelial Cell ◽  
Endothelial Cell Line ◽  
Human Adult ◽  
Cytokine Treatment
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