scholarly journals Parallelism is an emergent feature not derived from the detection of individual line slopes

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
James Pomerantz ◽  
Curtiss Chapman ◽  
Jon Flynn ◽  
Colin Noe ◽  
Tian Yingxue
Keyword(s):  
Emergent Feature ◽  
Individual Line

Spatial Representations as an Emergent Feature of Perceptual Processing

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund Wascher ◽  
C. Beste
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Integrated Network ◽  
Perceptual Maps ◽  
Emergent Feature ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Selection Of

Spatial selection of relevant information has been proposed to reflect an emergent feature of stimulus processing within an integrated network of perceptual areas. Stimulus-based and intention-based sources of information might converge in a common stage when spatial maps are generated. This approach appears to be inconsistent with the assumption of distinct mechanisms for stimulus-driven and top-down controlled attention. In two experiments, the common ground of stimulus-driven and intention-based attention was tested by means of event-related potentials (ERPs) in the human EEG. In both experiments, the processing of a single transient was compared to the selection of a physically comparable stimulus among distractors. While single transients evoked a spatially sensitive N1, the extraction of relevant information out of a more complex display was reflected in an N2pc. The high similarity of the spatial portion of these two components (Experiment 1), and the replication of this finding for the vertical axis (Experiment 2) indicate that these two ERP components might both reflect the spatial representation of relevant information as derived from the organization of perceptual maps, just at different points in time.

Interpolating individual line-of-sight neutron spectrometer measurements onto the “sky” at the National Ignition Facility (NIF)

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 043512 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. P. Hartouni ◽  
R. M. Bionta ◽  
D. T. Casey ◽  
M. J. Eckart ◽  
M. Gatu-Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Line Of Sight ◽  
National Ignition Facility ◽  
Neutron Spectrometer ◽  
Individual Line

The Necessity of Performance Measures for Prosecutors

2021 ◽  
pp. 226-258
Author(s):  
Lauren-Brooke Eisen ◽  
Miriam Aroni Krinsky
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measures ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
The United States ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Critical Data ◽  
District Attorneys ◽  
The Right ◽  
Individual Line

Local prosecutors are responsible for 95 percent of criminal cases in the United States—their charging decisions holding enormous influence over the number of people incarcerated and the length of sentences served. Performance metrics are a tool that can align the vision of elected prosecutors with the tangible actions of their offices’ line attorneys. The right metrics can provide clarity to individual line attorneys around the mission of the office and the goals of their job. Historically, however, prosecutor offices have relied on evaluation metrics that incentivize individual attorneys to prioritize more punitive responses and volume-driven activity—such as tracking the number of cases processed, indictments, guilty pleas, convictions, and sentence lengths. Under these past approaches, funding, budgeting, and promotional decisions are frequently linked to regressive measures that fail to account for just results. As more Americans have embraced the need to end mass incarceration, a new wave of reform-minded district attorneys have won elections. To ensure they are accountable to the voters who elected them into office and achieve the changes they championed, they must align measures of success with new priorities for their offices. New performance metrics predicated on the goals of reducing incarceration and enhancing fairness can shrink prison and jail populations, while improving public trust and promoting healthier and safer communities. The authors propose a new set of metrics for elected prosecutors to consider in designing performance evaluations, both for their offices and for individual attorneys. The authors also suggest that for these new performance measures to effectively drive decarceration practices, they must be coupled with careful, thoughtful implementation and critical data-management infrastructure.

scholarly journals Design models as emergent features: An empirical study in communication and shared mental models in instructional

2006 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucca Botturi
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Design ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Practice Model ◽  
Design Models ◽  
Instructional Design Process ◽  
Emergent Feature ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Specific Project

This paper reports the results of an empirical study that investigated the instructional design process of three teams involved in the development of an e-learning unit. The teams declared they were using the same fast-prototyping design and development model, and were composed of the same roles (although with a different number of SMEs). Results indicate that the design and development model actually informs the activities of the group, but that it is interpreted and adapted by the team for the specific project. Thus, the actual practice model of each team can be regarded as an emergent feature. This analysis delivers insights concerning issues about team communication, shared understanding, individual perspectives and the implementation of prescriptive instructional design models.

Ferroelastic phase transitions and domain structures in powders

2005 ◽  
Vol 220 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Boysen
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Domain Walls ◽  
Approximate Model ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
High Symmetry ◽  
Line Profiles ◽  
Line Broadening ◽  
Rietveld Refinements ◽  
Domain Structures ◽  
Individual Line

AbstractPowder patterns of samples resulting from ferroelastic phase transitions generally show typical line profiles: asymmetry into the direction of the position of the corresponding hypothetical high symmetry reflection and strongly anisotropic line broadening. An approximate model is presented that describes the characteristic distribution of individual line widths based on the variation of lattice spacings within the domain walls. The variation with temperature is governed by the competition of decreasing spontaneous strain and increasing wall widths and/or wall densities. It is argued that conventional Rietveld refinements can easily lead to erroneous results and a simplified method is proposed to approximate the actual line profiles via the introduction of a second phase with anisotropic strain broadening to take into account the scattering fom the domain walls.

scholarly journals Line-Profile Variations in AGN

1997 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 201-202
Author(s):  
W. Kollatschny ◽  
M. Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
Line Profile ◽  
Seyfert Galaxies ◽  
Line Segments ◽  
Ngc 5548 ◽  
Individual Line

AbstractLine-profile variations in the Seyfert galaxies NGC 5548 and NGC 4593 are discussed. The variations of individual line segments are different from line to line and from outburst to outburst.

Individual Differences in Processing Strategy for a Bargraph Display

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 (19) ◽  
pp. 1315-1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie R. Nowicki ◽  
Bruce G. Coury
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Classification Problem ◽  
Processing Strategy ◽  
Verbal Reports ◽  
Processing Strategies ◽  
Emergent Feature ◽  
Emergent Features ◽  
Individual Strategies

The bargraph has been described in several ways: as a separable display, as an integral display, and as a configural display with emergent features. The versatility of the bargraph may be in part due to the support it provides for different individual processing strategies. This research identifies two general types of strategies - holistic and analytic - which are developed by individuals to solve a classification problem on the bargraph. Multidimensional scaling (MDS), response times, and verbal reports are used to analyze individual strategies. Individuals who developed holistic strategies produced significantly faster reaction times, and reported simple, efficient strategies, with the emergent feature of bargraph shape as an important dimension. The results indicate that the bargraph provides perceptual features which can support several general types of processing strategy.

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