scholarly journals Audiovisual "Illusory Rabbit": The Role of Postdiction in Crossmodal Spatiotemporal Dynamics

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 869
Author(s):  
Shinsuke Shimojo ◽  
Noelle Stiles ◽  
Monica Li ◽  
Carmel Levitan ◽  
Yukiyasu Kamitani
Keyword(s):  
Spatiotemporal Dynamics

scholarly journals Optogenetic inhibition and activation of Rac and Rap1 using a modified iLID system

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick R. Elston ◽  
Michael Pablo ◽  
Fred Pimenta ◽  
Klaus M. Hahn ◽  
Takashi Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Small Gtpases ◽  
Spatiotemporal Dynamics ◽  
Membrane Localization ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Activation Kinetics ◽  
System 1 ◽  
Control Plasma

The small GTPases Rac1 and Rap1 can fulfill multiple cellular functions because their activation kinetics and localization are precisely controlled. To probe the role of their spatiotemporal dynamics, we generated optogenetic tools that activate or inhibit endogenous Rac and Rap1 in living cells. An improved version of the light induced dimerization (iLID) system [1] was used to control plasma membrane localization of protein domains that specifically activate or inactivate Rap1 and Rac (Tiam1 and Chimerin for Rac, RasGRP2 and Rap1GAP for Rap1 [2, 3, 4, 5]). Irradiation yielded a 50% to 230% increase in the concentration of these domains at the membrane, leading to effects on cell morphodynamics consistent with the known roles of Rac1 and Rap1.

scholarly journals Role of metabolic spatiotemporal dynamics in regulating biofilm colony expansion

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (16) ◽  
pp. 4288-4293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Bocci ◽  
Yoko Suzuki ◽  
Mingyang Lu ◽  
José N. Onuchic
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Biological Networks ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Spatiotemporal Dynamics ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Oscillatory Dynamics ◽  
Oscillatory Dynamic ◽  
Cell Cell

Cell fate determination is typically regulated by biological networks, yet increasing evidences suggest that cell−cell communication and environmental stresses play crucial roles in the behavior of a cell population. A recent microfluidic experiment showed that the metabolic codependence of two cell populations generates a collective oscillatory dynamic during the expansion of aBacillus subtilisbiofilm. We develop a modeling framework for the spatiotemporal dynamics of the associated metabolic circuit for cells in a colony. We elucidate the role of metabolite diffusion and the need of two distinct cell populations to observe oscillations. Uniquely, this description captures the onset and thereafter stable oscillatory dynamics during expansion and predicts the existence of damping oscillations under various environmental conditions. This modeling scheme provides insights to understand how cells integrate the information from external signaling and cell−cell communication to determine the optimal survival strategy and/or maximize cell fitness in a multicellular system.

The Role of the Beetle Hypocryphalus mangiferae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Mango Wilt

2017 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 865-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarcísio Visintin da Silva Galdino ◽  
Dalton de Oliveira Ferreira ◽  
Paulo Antônio Santana Júnior ◽  
Lucas de Paulo Arcanjo ◽  
Elenir Aparecida Queiroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatiotemporal Dynamics ◽  
Mango Wilt

scholarly journals Neural Coding of Contact Events in Somatosensory Cortex

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 4613-4627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierri Callier ◽  
Aneesha K Suresh ◽  
Sliman J Bensmaia
Keyword(s):  
Somatosensory Cortex ◽  
Neural Coding ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Object Manipulation ◽  
Spatiotemporal Dynamics ◽  
Population Response ◽  
Somatosensory Neurons ◽  
Amplitude Discrimination

Abstract Manual interactions with objects require precise and rapid feedback about contact events. These tactile signals are integrated with motor plans throughout the neuraxis to achieve dexterous object manipulation. To better understand the role of somatosensory cortex in interactions with objects, we measured, using chronically implanted arrays of electrodes, the responses of populations of somatosensory neurons to skin indentations designed to simulate the initiation, maintenance, and termination of contact with an object. First, we find that the responses of somatosensory neurons to contact onset and offset dwarf their responses to maintenance of contact. Second, we show that these responses rapidly and reliably encode features of the simulated contact events—their timing, location, and strength—and can account for the animals’ performance in an amplitude discrimination task. Third, we demonstrate that the spatiotemporal dynamics of the population response in cortex mirror those of the population response in the nerves. We conclude that the responses of populations of somatosensory neurons are well suited to encode contact transients and are consistent with a role of somatosensory cortex in signaling transitions between task subgoals.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Dynamics of the River Waters’ Chemical Composition of the Ussury River Basin Russian Part

2013 ◽  
pp. 65-80
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Spatiotemporal Dynamics ◽  
Biogenic Elements ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Lower Reach ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Lake Khanka

Spatiotemporal dynamics of the Ussury river basin waters chemical composition has been considered. Reduction of the biogenic elements concentration and predominance of nitrate nitrogen in the mineral forms’ composition in water of upper and middle reaches of the Ussury river and increase of the nitrogen oxide forms content in water of left bank party in the lower reach of the river have been noted. The priority role of the Lake Khanka in the transfer of phosphorous to the Ussury River has been ascertained.

The dynamic face of lipid membranes

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudipta Gupta ◽  
Rana Ashkar
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Scattering ◽  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Spatiotemporal Dynamics ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Biological Functions

Lipid membranes envelope live cells and mediate vital biological functions through regulated spatiotemporal dynamics. This review highlights the role of neutron scattering, among other approaches, in uncovering the dynamic properties of lipid membranes.

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