Quantifying the Spatiotemporal Properties of Saccade Averaging

Shane Kelly; Weiwei Zhou; Sonia Bansal; Matthew Peterson; Laurence Bray; Wilsaan Joiner

doi:10.1167/16.12.850

Eye movements are primed toward the center of multiple stimuli even when the interstimulus distances are too large to generate saccade averaging

Experimental Brain Research ◽

10.1007/s00221-015-4227-7 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 233 (5) ◽

pp. 1541-1549 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

John Christie ◽

Matthew D. Hilchey ◽

Ramesh Mishra ◽

Raymond M. Klein

Keyword(s):

Eye Movements ◽

Saccade Averaging

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Role of monkey superior colliculus in saccade averaging

Experimental Brain Research ◽

10.1007/bf00228883 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 79 (1) ◽

pp. 143-149 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

A. J. van Opstal ◽

J. A. M. van Gisbergen

Keyword(s):

Superior Colliculus ◽

Saccade Averaging

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Delayed oculomotor inhibition in patients with lesions to the human frontal oculomotor cortex: Evidence from a study on saccade averaging

Brain and Cognition ◽

10.1016/j.bandc.2013.04.007 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 82 (2) ◽

pp. 192-200 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Stefan Van der Stigchel ◽

Tanja C.W. Nijboer ◽

Janet H. Bultitude ◽

Robert D. Rafal

Keyword(s):

Saccade Averaging

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Visual attention is not always spatially coupled to subsequent oculomotor program

10.1101/216572 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Luca Wollenberg ◽

Heiner Deubel ◽

Martin Szinte

Keyword(s):

Visual Attention ◽

Attentional Selection ◽

Visual Sensitivity ◽

Covert Attention ◽

Attentional Deployment ◽

Saccade Onset ◽

Attention Tasks ◽

Saccade Programming ◽

Human Participants ◽

Saccade Averaging

AbstractThe premotor theory of attention postulates that spatial attention arises from the activation of saccade areas and that the deployment of attention is the consequence of motor programming. Yet, attentional and oculomotor processes have been shown to be dissociable at the neuronal level in covert attention tasks. To investigate a potential dissociation at the behavioral level, we instructed human participants to saccade towards one of two nearby, competing saccade cues. The spatial distribution of visual attention was determined using oriented Gabor stimuli presented either at the cue locations, between them or at several other equidistant locations. Results demonstrate that accurate saccades towards one of the cues were associated with presaccadic enhancement of visual sensitivity at the respective saccade endpoint compared to the non-saccaded cue location. In contrast, averaging saccades, landing between the two cues, were not associated with attentional facilitation at the saccade endpoint, ruling out an obligatory coupling of attentional deployment to the oculomotor program. Rather, attention before averaging saccades was equally distributed to the two cued locations. Taken together, our results reveal a spatial dissociation of visual attention and saccade programming. They suggest that the oculomotor program depends on the state of attentional selection before saccade onset, and that saccade averaging arises from unresolved attentional selection.

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Is saccade averaging determined by visual processing or movement planning?

Journal of Neurophysiology ◽

10.1152/jn.00344.2012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 108 (12) ◽

pp. 3161-3171 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Neha Bhutani ◽

Supriya Ray ◽

Aditya Murthy

Keyword(s):

Visual Processing ◽

Human Subjects ◽

Movement Planning ◽

Double Step ◽

Alternative Hypotheses ◽

Task Conditions ◽

Saccade Averaging ◽

Initial Target

Saccadic averaging that causes subjects' gaze to land between the location of two targets when faced with simultaneously or sequentially presented stimuli has been often used as a probe to investigate the nature of computations that transform sensory representations into an oculomotor plan. Since saccadic movements involve at least two processing stages—a visual stage that selects a target and a movement stage that prepares the response—saccade averaging can either occur due to interference in visual processing or movement planning. By having human subjects perform two versions of a saccadic double-step task, in which the stimuli remained the same, but different instructions were provided (REDIRECT gaze to the later-appearing target vs. FOLLOW the sequence of targets in their order of appearance), we tested two alternative hypotheses. If saccade averaging were due to visual processing alone, the pattern of saccade averaging is expected to remain the same across task conditions. However, whereas subjects produced averaged saccades between two targets in the FOLLOW condition, they produced hypometric saccades in the direction of the initial target in the REDIRECT condition, suggesting that the interaction between competing movement plans produces saccade averaging.

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