scholarly journals Change detection and recognition memory for objects

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Wood ◽  
Daniel Simons
Perception ◽  
10.1068/p5079 ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 947-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie L Angelone ◽  
Daniel T Levin ◽  
Daniel J Simons

Observers typically detect changes to central objects more readily than changes to marginal objects, but they sometimes miss changes to central, attended objects as well. However, even if observers do not report such changes, they may be able to recognize the changed object. In three experiments we explored change detection and recognition memory for several types of changes to central objects in motion pictures. Observers who failed to detect a change still performed at above chance levels on a recognition task in almost all conditions. In addition, observers who detected the change were no more accurate in their recognition than those who did not detect the change. Despite large differences in the detectability of changes across conditions, those observers who missed the change did not vary in their ability to recognize the changing object.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (21) ◽  

This study aimed to investigate the effect of automatic attentional bias on change detection and recognition memory performance. In this context, attractive faces, which have priority in attention selection, were used as stimuli. The data of 110 participants were analyzed (54 females, 56 males, Mage = 20.87 ± 1.80). As a result, there was a significant effect of attractiveness [F(2.73, 295.16) = 37.33, p < .001, ƞp2 = .26] and model gender [F(1, 108) = 6.47, p < .05, ƞp2 = .06] on change detection performance. Accordingly, the fastest performance is when only the target was an attractive female; the slowest performance was observed when only the distractors were attractive female. On the other hand, the data of 94 participants (46 females, 48 males, Mage = 21.05 ± 1.95) were analyzed for the recognition memory. Accordingly, low memory performance was generally observed. Memory sensitivity was significantly lower for attractive faces (-.31) than average-looking ones (.59). Besides, bias to respond “old” for attractive faces were higher than average-looking faces for both model genders. Therefore, the findings suggest that the decision criterion was more liberal for attractive faces (for females -.06, for males -.46) than average faces (for females .15, for males .33). On the other hand, there was no significant effect of the participant gender on both attention and memory tasks (p > .05). The study is the first known change detection and recognition memory study to examine participant gender, model gender, and attractiveness together. The limitations of the study and suggestions for future studies are handled in the discussion section.


1998 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1079-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuomas Hame ◽  
Istvan Heiler ◽  
Jesus San Miguel-Ayanz

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Wood ◽  
Daniel J. Simons

How can we reconcile remarkably precise long-term memory for thousands of images with failures to detect changes to similar images? We explored whether people can use detailed, long-term memory to improve change detection performance. Subjects studied a set of images of objects and then performed recognition and change detection tasks with those images. Recognition memory performance exceeded change detection performance, even when a single familiar object in the post-change display consistently indicated the change location. In fact, participants were no better when a familiar object predicted the change location than when the displays consisted of unfamiliar objects. When given an explicit strategy to search for a familiar object as a way to improve performance on the change detection task, they performed no better than in a six-alternative recognition memory task. Subjects only benefited from the presence of familiar objects in the change detection task when they had more time to view the pre-change array before it switched. Once the cost to using the change detection information decreased, subjects made use of it in conjunction with memory to boost performance on the familiar-item change detection task. This suggests that even useful information will go unused if it is sufficiently difficult to extract.


2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olya Hakobyan ◽  
Sen Cheng

Abstract We fully support dissociating the subjective experience from the memory contents in recognition memory, as Bastin et al. posit in the target article. However, having two generic memory modules with qualitatively different functions is not mandatory and is in fact inconsistent with experimental evidence. We propose that quantitative differences in the properties of the memory modules can account for the apparent dissociation of recollection and familiarity along anatomical lines.


2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 218-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Rodway ◽  
Karen Gillies ◽  
Astrid Schepman

This study examined whether individual differences in the vividness of visual imagery influenced performance on a novel long-term change detection task. Participants were presented with a sequence of pictures, with each picture and its title displayed for 17  s, and then presented with changed or unchanged versions of those pictures and asked to detect whether the picture had been changed. Cuing the retrieval of the picture's image, by presenting the picture's title before the arrival of the changed picture, facilitated change detection accuracy. This suggests that the retrieval of the picture's representation immunizes it against overwriting by the arrival of the changed picture. The high and low vividness participants did not differ in overall levels of change detection accuracy. However, in replication of Gur and Hilgard (1975) , high vividness participants were significantly more accurate at detecting salient changes to pictures compared to low vividness participants. The results suggest that vivid images are not characterised by a high level of detail and that vivid imagery enhances memory for the salient aspects of a scene but not all of the details of a scene. Possible causes of this difference, and how they may lead to an understanding of individual differences in change detection, are considered.


2020 ◽  
Vol 228 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan E. Mitton ◽  
Chris M. Fiacconi

Abstract. To date there has been relatively little research within the domain of metamemory that examines how individuals monitor their performance during memory tests, and whether the outcome of such monitoring informs subsequent memory predictions for novel items. In the current study, we sought to determine whether spontaneous monitoring of test performance can in fact help individuals better appreciate their memory abilities, and in turn shape future judgments of learning (JOLs). Specifically, in two experiments we examined recognition memory for visual images across three study-test cycles, each of which contained novel images. We found that across cycles, participants’ JOLs did in fact increase, reflecting metacognitive sensitivity to near-perfect levels of recognition memory performance. This finding suggests that individuals can and do monitor their test performance in the absence of explicit feedback, and further underscores the important role that test experience can play in shaping metacognitive evaluations of learning and remembering.


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