scholarly journals When does visual attention need to be retargeted? A study of the neural correlates of attentional deployment to two sequential targets

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 1271
Author(s):  
Brad Wyble ◽  
Chloe Callahan-Flintoft
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Attentional Deployment

scholarly journals Left-Hemispheric Asymmetry for Object-Based Attention: an ERP Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Orlandi ◽  
Alice Mado Proverbio
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Hemispheric Asymmetry ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Electrophysiological Study ◽  
Target Selection ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Specific Stimulus ◽  
Object Categories ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Stimulus Features

It has been shown that selective attention enhances the activity in visual regions associated with stimulus processing. The left hemisphere seems to have a prominent role when non-spatial attention is directed towards specific stimulus features (e.g., color, spatial frequency). The present electrophysiological study investigated the time course and neural correlates of object-based attention, under the assumption of left-hemispheric asymmetry. Twenty-nine right-handed participants were presented with 3D graphic images representing the shapes of different object categories (wooden dummies, chairs, structures of cubes) which lacked detail. They were instructed to press a button in response to a target stimulus indicated at the beginning of each run. The perception of non-target stimuli elicited a larger anterior N2 component, which was likely associated with motor inhibition. Conversely, target selection resulted in an enhanced selection negativity (SN) response lateralized over the left occipito-temporal regions, followed by a larger centro-parietal P300 response. These potentials were interpreted as indexing attentional selection and categorization processes, respectively. The standardized weighted low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (swLORETA) source reconstruction showed the engagement of a fronto-temporo-limbic network underlying object-based visual attention. Overall, the SN scalp distribution and relative neural generators hinted at a left-hemispheric advantage for non-spatial object-based visual attention.

scholarly journals Dissociation between the neural correlates of conscious face perception and visual attention

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 1138-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquin Navajas ◽  
Aleksander W. Nitka ◽  
Rodrigo Quian Quiroga
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Face Perception ◽  
Neural Correlates

Anticipating the good and the bad: A study on the neural correlates of bivalent emotion anticipation and their malleability via attentional deployment

NeuroImage ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 553-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johann D. Kruschwitz ◽  
Lea Waller ◽  
David List ◽  
David Wisniewski ◽  
Vera U. Ludwig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Attentional Deployment

scholarly journals When Memory Is Not Enough: Electrophysiological Evidence for Goal-dependent Use of Working Memory Representations in Guiding Visual Attention

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2650-2664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy B. Carlisle ◽  
Geoffrey F. Woodman
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Visual Attention ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Covert Attention ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Competition Theory ◽  
Attentional Deployment ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Memory Representations

Biased competition theory proposes that representations in working memory drive visual attention to select similar inputs. However, behavioral tests of this hypothesis have led to mixed results. These inconsistent findings could be due to the inability of behavioral measures to reliably detect the early, automatic effects on attentional deployment that the memory representations exert. Alternatively, executive mechanisms may govern how working memory representations influence attention based on higher-level goals. In the present study, we tested these hypotheses using the N2pc component of participants' event-related potentials to directly measure the early deployments of covert attention. Participants searched for a target in an array that sometimes contained a memory-matching distractor. In Experiments 1 to 3, we manipulated the difficulty of the target discrimination and the proximity of distractors, but consistently observed that covert attention was deployed to the search targets and not the memory-matching distractors. In Experiment 4, we showed that when participants' goal involved attending to memory-matching items, these items elicited a large and early N2pc. Our findings demonstrate that working memory representations alone are not sufficient to guide early deployments of visual attention to matching inputs and that goal-dependent executive control mediates the interactions between working memory representations and visual attention.

scholarly journals Understanding visual attention with RAGNAROC: A Reflexive Attention Gradient through Neural AttRactOr Competition

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad Wyble ◽  
Chloe Callahan-Flintoft ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
Toma Marinov ◽  
Aakash Sarkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Covert Attention ◽  
Lower Priority ◽  
Reflexive Attention ◽  
Visual Hierarchy ◽  
New Information ◽  
Suppression Effects

AbstractA quintessential challenge for any perceptual system is the need to focus on task-relevant information without being blindsided by unexpected, yet important information. The human visual system incorporates several solutions to this challenge, one of which is a reflexive covert attention system that is rapidly responsive to both the physical salience and the task-relevance of new information. This paper presents a model that simulates behavioral and neural correlates of reflexive attention as the product of brief neural attractor states that are formed across the visual hierarchy when attention is engaged. Such attractors emerge from an attentional gradient distributed over a population of topographically organized neurons and serve to focus processing at one or more locations in the visual field, while inhibiting the processing of lower priority information. The model moves towards a resolution of key debates about the nature of reflexive attention, such as whether it is parallel or serial, and whether suppression effects are distributed in a spatial surround, or selectively at the location of distractors. Most importantly, the model develops a framework for understanding the neural mechanisms of visual attention as a spatiotopic decision process within a hierarchy and links them to observable correlates such as accuracy, reaction time, and the N2pc and PD components of the EEG. This last contribution is the most crucial for repairing the disconnect that exists between our understanding of behavioral and neural correlates of attention.

scholarly journals Neural correlates of visual attention during risky decision evidence integration

NeuroImage ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 117979
Author(s):  
John R. Purcell ◽  
Andrew Jahn ◽  
Justin M. Fine ◽  
Joshua W. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Risky Decision ◽  
Evidence Integration

Visual attention to motion stimuli and its neural correlates in cannabis users

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-276
Author(s):  
Elena Mikulskaya ◽  
Frances Martin
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Neural Correlates

scholarly journals Visual attention is not always spatially coupled to subsequent oculomotor program

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Wollenberg ◽  
Heiner Deubel ◽  
Martin Szinte
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Attentional Selection ◽  
Visual Sensitivity ◽  
Covert Attention ◽  
Attentional Deployment ◽  
Saccade Onset ◽  
Attention Tasks ◽  
Saccade Programming ◽  
Human Participants ◽  
Saccade Averaging

AbstractThe premotor theory of attention postulates that spatial attention arises from the activation of saccade areas and that the deployment of attention is the consequence of motor programming. Yet, attentional and oculomotor processes have been shown to be dissociable at the neuronal level in covert attention tasks. To investigate a potential dissociation at the behavioral level, we instructed human participants to saccade towards one of two nearby, competing saccade cues. The spatial distribution of visual attention was determined using oriented Gabor stimuli presented either at the cue locations, between them or at several other equidistant locations. Results demonstrate that accurate saccades towards one of the cues were associated with presaccadic enhancement of visual sensitivity at the respective saccade endpoint compared to the non-saccaded cue location. In contrast, averaging saccades, landing between the two cues, were not associated with attentional facilitation at the saccade endpoint, ruling out an obligatory coupling of attentional deployment to the oculomotor program. Rather, attention before averaging saccades was equally distributed to the two cued locations. Taken together, our results reveal a spatial dissociation of visual attention and saccade programming. They suggest that the oculomotor program depends on the state of attentional selection before saccade onset, and that saccade averaging arises from unresolved attentional selection.

Neural correlates of age-related decline and compensation in visual attention capacity

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 2161-2173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Wiegand ◽  
Thomas Töllner ◽  
Mads Dyrholm ◽  
Hermann J. Müller ◽  
Claus Bundesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Age Related
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