scholarly journals The right FFA is functionally connected to the dorsal visual pathway during configural face processing.

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 1233
Author(s):  
Valentinos Zachariou ◽  
Stephen Gotts ◽  
Zaid Safiullah ◽  
Leslie Ungerleider
Keyword(s):  
Face Processing ◽  
Visual Pathway ◽  
The Right ◽  
Configural Face Processing

scholarly journals The ventral stream receives spatial information from the dorsal stream during configural face processing

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentinos Zachariou ◽  
Nicole Mlynaryk ◽  
Marine Vernet ◽  
Leslie G. Ungerleider
Keyword(s):  
Face Perception ◽  
Face Processing ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Dorsal Stream ◽  
Visual Pathway ◽  
Ventral Stream ◽  
Ventral Visual Pathway ◽  
Visuospatial Processing ◽  
Configural Face Processing ◽  
Featural Face Processing

AbstractConfigural face processing is considered to be vital for face perception. If configural face processing requires an evaluation of spatial information, might this process involve interactions between ventral stream face-processing regions and dorsal stream visuospatial-processing regions? We explored this possibility using thetaburst stimulation (TBS) with fMRI in humans. Participants were shown two faces that differed in either the shape (featural differences) or the spatial configuration (configural differences) of their features. TBS applied on dorsal location-processing regions: 1) reduced fMRI activity within ventral stream face-processing regions during configural but not featural face processing; and 2) reduced functional connectivity between these face regions significantly more for configural than featural face processing. No changes occurred when TBS was delivered on the vertex control site for either face task. We conclude that ventral stream face-processing regions receive visuospatial information from dorsal stream location-processing regions during configural face processing.Significance statementFace perception is thought to be mediated exclusively by neural substrates within the ventral visual pathway. However, by using non-invasive brain stimulation (thetabust transcranial magnetic stimulation) in healthy human adults, we demonstrate that the face-processing regions of the ventral visual pathway receive information from visuospatial-processing regions of the dorsal visual pathway during configural face processing, a vital function in face perception. Our findings thus indicate that veridical face perception may depend on both the ventral and dorsal visual pathways.

Visual asymmetries during face encoding Increased dwell time and fixations in the upper and left hemifields

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Maria Felisberti
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Face Processing ◽  
Dwell Time ◽  
The Other ◽  
Environmental Cues ◽  
Reading Habits ◽  
The Right

Visual field asymmetries (VFA) in the encoding of groups rather than individual faces has been rarely investigated. Here, eye movements (dwell time (DT) and fixations (Fix)) were recorded during the encoding of three groups of four faces tagged with cheating, cooperative, or neutral behaviours. Faces in each of the three groups were placed in the upper left (UL), upper right (UR), lower left (LL), or lower right (LR) quadrants. Face recognition was equally high in the three groups. In contrast, the proportion of DT and Fix were higher for faces in the left than the right hemifield and in the upper rather than the lower hemifield. The overall time spent looking at the UL was higher than in the other quadrants. The findings are relevant to the understanding of VFA in face processing, especially groups of faces, and might be linked to environmental cues and/or reading habits.

Relation between facial affect recognition and configural face processing in antipsychotic-free schizophrenia.

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Fakra ◽  
Elisabeth Jouve ◽  
Fabrice Guillaume ◽  
Jean-Michel Azorin ◽  
Olivier Blin
Keyword(s):  
Face Processing ◽  
Facial Affect ◽  
Affect Recognition ◽  
Facial Affect Recognition ◽  
Configural Face Processing

Pattern-reversal visual evoked potentials in patients with hydrocephalus

1985 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakir M. Alani
Keyword(s):  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Visual Evoked Potentials ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Visual Pathway ◽  
Pattern Reversal ◽  
Field Stimulation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Clinical Methods ◽  
The Right ◽  
Visual Evoked

✓ Pattern-reversal visual evoked potentials (VEP's) in response to whole- and half-field stimulation were studied in 10 patients with hydrocephalus. Abnormalities consistent with optic nerve dysfunction were recorded in four patients. Two patients had response asymmetry to half-field stimulation, which suggested dysfunction of the visual pathway in the right hemisphere. The remaining four patients had normal responses. Measurement of VEP's was repeated after the surgical treatment of hydrocephalus in four patients, and showed marked improvement in two of the three patients with preoperative abnormalities. This study suggests that, in patients with hydrocephalus, VEP's are more sensitive than clinical methods in detecting visual pathway dysfunction and that they can be useful in the follow-up monitoring of surgically treated hydrocephalic patients.

scholarly journals Cortical networks for face perception in two-month-old infants

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1793) ◽  
pp. 20141468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamami Nakano ◽  
Kazuko Nakatani
Keyword(s):  
Face Processing ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Visual Pathway ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Human Face ◽  
Functional Development ◽  
Functional Pathways ◽  
Preference Behaviour ◽  
Functional Deterioration

Newborns have an innate system for preferentially looking at an upright human face. This face preference behaviour disappears at approximately one month of age and reappears a few months later. However, the neural mechanisms underlying this U-shaped behavioural change remain unclear. Here, we isolate the functional development of the cortical visual pathway for face processing using S-cone-isolating stimulation, which blinds the subcortical visual pathway. Using luminance stimuli, which are conveyed by both the subcortical and cortical visual pathways, the preference for upright faces was not observed in two-month-old infants, but it was observed in four- and six-month-old infants, confirming the recovery phase of the U-shaped development. By contrast, using S-cone stimuli, two-month-old infants already showed a preference for upright faces, as did four- and six-month-old infants, demonstrating that the cortical visual pathway for face processing is already functioning at the bottom of the U-shape at two months of age. The present results suggest that the transient functional deterioration stems from a conflict between the subcortical and cortical functional pathways, and that the recovery thereafter involves establishing a level of coordination between the two pathways.

Multi-Item Discriminability Pattern to Faces in Developmental Prosopagnosia Reveals Distinct Mechanisms of Face Processing

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 2986-2996
Author(s):  
Xue Tian ◽  
Ruosi Wang ◽  
Yuanfang Zhao ◽  
Zonglei Zhen ◽  
Yiying Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Face Processing ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Face Area ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Right

Abstract Previous studies have shown that individuals with developmental prosopagnosia (DP) show specific deficits in face processing. However, the mechanism underlying the deficits remains largely unknown. One hypothesis suggests that DP shares the same mechanism as normal population, though their faces processing is disproportionally impaired. An alternative hypothesis emphasizes a qualitatively different mechanism of DP processing faces. To test these hypotheses, we instructed DP and normal individuals to perceive faces and objects. Instead of calculating accuracy averaging across stimulus items, we used the discrimination accuracy for each item to construct a multi-item discriminability pattern. We found DP’s discriminability pattern was less similar to that of normal individuals when perceiving faces than perceiving objects, suggesting that DP has qualitatively different mechanism in representing faces. A functional magnetic resonance imaging study was conducted to reveal the neural basis and found that multi-voxel activation patterns for faces in the right fusiform face area and occipital face area of DP were deviated away from the mean activation pattern of normal individuals. Further, the face representation was more heterogeneous in DP, suggesting that deficits of DP may come from multiple sources. In short, our study provides the first direct evidence that DP processes faces qualitatively different from normal population.

scholarly journals Taking It at “Face Value”: The Use of Face Processing Strategies in Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 652-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Joshua ◽  
Tamsyn E. Van Rheenen ◽  
David J Castle ◽  
Susan L. Rossell
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Face Processing ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Facial Emotion Recognition ◽  
Inversion Effect ◽  
Facial Emotion ◽  
Processing Strategies ◽  
Configural Face Processing

AbstractObjectives: Use of appropriate face processing strategies is important for facial emotion recognition, which is known to be impaired in schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD). There is preliminary evidence of abnormalities in the use of face processing strategies in the former, but there has been no explicit attempt to assess face processing in patients with BD. Methods: Twenty-eight BD I, 28 SZ, and 28 healthy control participants completed tasks assessing featural and configural face processing. The facial inversion effect was used as a proxy of second order configural face processing and compared to featural face processing performance (which is known to be relatively less affected by facial inversion). Results: Controls demonstrated the usual second-order inversion pattern. In the BD group, the absence of a second-order configural inversion effect in the presence of a disproportionate bias toward a featural inversion effect was evident. Despite reduced accuracy performance in the SZ group compared to controls, this group unexpectedly showed a normal second-order configural accuracy inversion pattern. This was in the context of a reverse inversion effect for response latency, suggesting a speed-versus-accuracy trade-off. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study to explicitly examine and contrast face processing in BD and SZ. Our findings indicate a generalized impairment on face processing tasks in SZ, and the presence of a second-order configural face processing impairment in BD. It is possible that these face processing impairments represent a catalyst for the facial emotion recognition deficits that are commonly reported in the literature. (JINS, 2016, 22, 652–661)

Configural face processing in schizophrenia

2009 ◽  
Vol 112 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Joshua ◽  
Susan Rossell
Keyword(s):  
Face Processing ◽  
Configural Face Processing
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