scholarly journals Audiovisual integration directing attention to the temporal dynamics of biological motion

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 714
Author(s):  
Jinwoo Nam ◽  
Emily Grossman ◽  
Chai-Youn Kim
Keyword(s):  
Biological Motion ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Audiovisual Integration ◽  
Directing Attention

Dynamics of Within-, Inter-, and Cross-Modal Attentional Modulation

2011 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 674-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuo Kida ◽  
Koji Inui ◽  
Emi Tanaka ◽  
Ryusuke Kakigi
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Attention ◽  
Interstimulus Interval ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Neural Representations ◽  
Tactile Stimuli ◽  
Sensory Modalities ◽  
The Right ◽  
Directing Attention

Numerous studies have demonstrated effects of spatial attention within single sensory modalities (within-modal spatial attention) and the effect of directing attention to one sense compared with the other senses (intermodal attention) on cortical neuronal activity. Furthermore, recent studies have been revealing that the effects of spatial attention directed to a certain location in a certain sense spread to the other senses at the same location in space (cross-modal spatial attention). The present study used magnetoencephalography to examine the temporal dynamics of the effects of within-modal and cross-modal spatial and intermodal attention on cortical processes responsive to visual stimuli. Visual or tactile stimuli were randomly presented on the left or right side at a random interstimulus interval and subjects directed attention to the left or right when vision or touch was a task-relevant modality. Sensor-space analysis showed that a response around the occipitotemporal region at around 150 ms after visual stimulation was significantly enhanced by within-modal, cross-modal spatial, and intermodal attention. A later response over the right frontal region at around 200 ms was enhanced by within-modal spatial and intermodal attention, but not by cross-modal spatial attention. These effects were estimated to originate from the occipitotemporal and lateral frontal areas, respectively. Thus the results suggest different spatiotemporal dynamics of neural representations of cross-modal attention and intermodal or within-modal attention.

Effects of stimulus intensity on audiovisual integration in aging across the temporal dynamics of processing

2021 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
Weiping Yang ◽  
Zimo Li ◽  
Ao Guo ◽  
Shengnan Li ◽  
Xiangfu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Intensity ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Audiovisual Integration

scholarly journals ANOMALOUS PERCEPTION OF BIOLOGICAL MOTION IN AUTISM: A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Federici ◽  
Valentina Parma ◽  
Michele Vicovaro ◽  
Luca Radassao ◽  
Luca Casartelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Biological Motion ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Meta Analyses

AbstractDespite its popularity, the construct of biological motion (BM) and its putative anomalies in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are not completely clarified. Here, we propose a new model describing distinct levels of BM processing, and we present a meta-analysis investigating BM perception in ASD. We screened 114 articles testing BM perception in ASD and typical developing peers. A general meta-analysis including all the selected studies (N=27) showed BM processing moderate deficit in ASD, but high heterogeneity. This heterogeneity was explored in different additional meta-analyses where studies were grouped according to different levels of BM processing (first-order/direct/instrumental) and the manipulation of low-level perceptual features (spatial/temporal). Results suggest that the most severe deficit in ASD is evident when perception of BM is serving a secondary purpose (e.g., inferring intentionality/action/emotion) and, interestingly, that temporal dynamics could be an important factor in determining BM processing anomalies in ASD. In conclusion, this work questions the traditional understanding of BM anomalies in ASD and claims for a paradigm shift that deconstructs BM into distinct levels of processing and specific spatio-temporal subcomponents.Public Significance statementSince the seminal study by Johansson (1973), the construct of “biological motion” (BM) has gained a considerable success in a wide range of disciplines. In particular, BM processing has been considered a putative marker for social difficulties in neurodevelopmental conditions such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Our work aims to quantitatively test the solidity of this view through a meta-analytic approach and also to better define anomalies in BM perception according to distinct levels of complexity and specific spatio-temporal features. Interestingly, we do it by challenging the traditional approach to the conception of BM. This novel conceptualization has intriguing clinical and theoretical insights.

scholarly journals Microsaccadic Eye Movements but not Pupillary Dilation Response Characterizes the Crossmodal Freezing Effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihan Chen ◽  
Hsin-I Liao
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Pupil Dilation ◽  
Temporal Scale ◽  
Audiovisual Integration ◽  
Visual Localization ◽  
Pupillary Dilation ◽  
Working Mechanism ◽  
Spatial Orienting ◽  
Group Motion ◽  
Audiovisual Stimuli

Abstract In typical spatial orienting tasks, the perception of crossmodal (e.g., audiovisual) stimuli evokes greater pupil dilation and microsaccade inhibition than unisensory stimuli (e.g., visual). The characteristic pupil dilation and microsaccade inhibition has been observed in response to “salient” events/stimuli. Although the “saliency” account is appealing in the spatial domain, whether this occurs in the temporal context remains largely unknown. Here, in a brief temporal scale (within 1 s) and with the working mechanism of involuntary temporal attention, we investigated how eye metric characteristics reflect the temporal dynamics of perceptual organization, with and without multisensory integration. We adopted the crossmodal freezing paradigm using the classical Ternus apparent motion. Results showed that synchronous beeps biased the perceptual report for group motion and triggered the prolonged sound-induced oculomotor inhibition (OMI), whereas the sound-induced OMI was not obvious in a crossmodal task-free scenario (visual localization without audiovisual integration). A general pupil dilation response was observed in the presence of sounds in both visual Ternus motion categorization and visual localization tasks. This study provides the first empirical account of crossmodal integration by capturing microsaccades within a brief temporal scale; OMI but not pupillary dilation response characterizes task-specific audiovisual integration (shown by the crossmodal freezing effect).

Effects of Monetary Incentives on Task Switching

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 216-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Kleinsorge ◽  
Gerhard Rinkenauer
Keyword(s):  
Task Switching ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
General Level ◽  
Monetary Incentives ◽  
Switch Costs ◽  
Expectancy Effect ◽  
Reward Expectancy ◽  
Trial Basis

In two experiments, effects of incentives on task switching were investigated. Incentives were provided as a monetary bonus. In both experiments, the availability of a bonus varied on a trial-to-trial basis. The main difference between the experiments relates to the association of incentives to individual tasks. In Experiment 1, the association of incentives to individual tasks was fixed. Under these conditions, the effect of incentives was largely due to reward expectancy. Switch costs were reduced to statistical insignificance. This was true even with the task that was not associated with a bonus. In Experiment 2, there was a variable association of incentives to individual tasks. Under these conditions, the reward expectancy effect was bound to conditions with a well-established bonus-task association. In conditions in which the bonus-task association was not established in advance, enhanced performance of the bonus task was accompanied by performance decrements with the task that was not associated with a bonus. Reward expectancy affected mainly the general level of performance. The outcome of this study may also inform recently suggested neurobiological accounts about the temporal dynamics of reward processing.

Do "Autistic" Traits Predict Audiovisual Integration in Speech Perception?

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph D. W. Stephens ◽  
Julian L. Scrivens ◽  
Amy A. Overman
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Autistic Traits ◽  
Audiovisual Integration
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