scholarly journals A kindler, gentler adaptive psychophysical procedure

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 390-390
Author(s):  
D. Coates ◽  
S. Chung
Keyword(s):  
Psychophysical Procedure

Perceived Tension, Movement, and Pleasantness in Harmonic Musical Intervals and Noises

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Costa ◽  
Mattia Nese
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analog Scale ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
High Pitch ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Psychophysical Procedure ◽  
Preliminary Study

Perceived valence, tension, and movement of harmonic musical intervals (from the unison to the octave presented in a low- and high-register) and standard noises (brown, pink, white, blue, purple) were assessed in two studies that differed in the crossmodal procedure by which tension and movement were rated: proprioceptive device or visual analog scale. Valence was evaluated in both studies with the visual analog scale. In a preliminary study, the proprioceptive device was calibrated with a psychophysical procedure. Roughness of the stimuli was included as covariate. Tension was perceived higher in dissonant intervals and in intervals presented in the high register. The higher the high-pitch energy content in the standard noise, the higher the perceived tension. The visual analog scale resulted in higher tension ratings than the proprioceptive device. Perception of movement was higher in dissonant intervals, in intervals in the high register, and in standard noises than in musical intervals. High-pitch spectrum noises were associated with more sense of movement than low-pitch spectrum noises. Consonant intervals and low-register intervals were evaluated as more pleasant than dissonant and high-register intervals. High-pitch spectrum purple and blue noises were evaluated as more unpleasant than low-pitch spectrum noises.

Effect of quinpirole on timing behaviour in the free-operant psychophysical procedure: evidence for the involvement of D2 dopamine receptors

2007 ◽  
Vol 193 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. H. C. Cheung ◽  
G. Bezzina ◽  
C. L. Hampson ◽  
S. Body ◽  
K. C. F. Fone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dopamine Receptors ◽  
D2 Dopamine Receptors ◽  
Psychophysical Procedure ◽  
Free Operant ◽  
Timing Behaviour

scholarly journals Deceived by stripes: conspicuous patterning on vital anterior body parts can redirect predatory strikes to expendable posterior organs

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 160057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopal Murali ◽  
Ullasa Kodandaramaiah
Keyword(s):  
Mechanistic Explanation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Psychophysical Procedure ◽  
Anterior Half ◽  
Anterior Body ◽  
Caudal Autotomy

Conspicuous coloration, which presumably makes prey more visible to predators, has intrigued researchers for long. Contrastingly coloured, conspicuous striped patterns are common among lizards and other animals, but their function is not well known. We propose and test a novel hypothesis, the ‘redirection hypothesis’, wherein longitudinal striped patterns, such as those found on the anterior body parts of most lacertilians, redirect attacks away from themselves during motion towards less vulnerable posterior parts, for example, the autotomous tail. In experiments employing human ‘predators’ attacking virtual prey on a touchscreen, we show that longitudinal striped patterns on the anterior half of prey decreased attacks to the anterior and increased attacks to the posterior. The position of stripes mattered—they worked best when they were at the anterior. By employing an adaptive psychophysical procedure, we show that prey with striped patterning are perceived to move slower, offering a mechanistic explanation for the redirective effect. In summary, our results suggest that the presence of stripes on the body (i.e. head and trunk) of lizards in combination with caudal autotomy can work as an effective anti-predator strategy during motion.

Event-related prosody reveals distinct acoustic manifestations of accuracy and confidence in speech

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Goupil ◽  
Jean-Julien Aucouturier
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Metacognitive Awareness ◽  
Verbal Reports ◽  
Mental Processes ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Psychophysical Procedure ◽  
Speech Prosody ◽  
Subjective Confidence ◽  
Sensory Evidence

Speech prosody constitutes a fundamental way through which speakers communicate their levels of confidence. Yet, it remains unknown whether prosodic markers of uncertainty constitute mere indices, that are constitutively present when speakers feel doubtful, or rather, whether they reflect other underlying psychological variables. By combining a psychophysical procedure with an acoustic analysis of verbal reports, we tease apart the contributions of sensory evidence, accuracy, and subjective confidence to epistemic prosody. We find that loudness, duration and intonation reflect distinct underlying mental processes: while loudness is predominantly impacted by accuracy, duration and intonation truly reflect subjective confidence, over and beyond sensory evidence and accuracy. We also find that speakers’ accuracy can still be heard beyond their own metacognitive awareness, and that at the level of intonation, speakers who display better metacognitive sensitivity are also the best signalers. Our results highlight prosody as a fundamental interface through which confidence can be shared.

Effect of destruction of the 5-hydroxytryptaminergic pathways on behavioural timing and "switching" in a free-operant psychophysical procedure

1996 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. A. Al-Zahrani ◽  
M.-Y. Ho ◽  
D. N. Velazquez Martinez ◽  
M. Lopez Cabrera ◽  
C. M. Bradshaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychophysical Procedure ◽  
Free Operant
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