scholarly journals Spatial Cueing of Infants' Selective Attention, Target Selection and Eye Movements

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1025-1025
Author(s):  
A. Wong Kee You ◽  
S. Adler
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Selective Attention ◽  
Target Selection ◽  
Spatial Cueing

scholarly journals Spatial Cueing of Infants' Target Selection and Eye Movements

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 557-557
Author(s):  
A. Wong Kee You ◽  
S. Adler
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Target Selection ◽  
Spatial Cueing

scholarly journals Adults’ Selective Attention and Eye Movements as a Function of Birth Experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 116c
Author(s):  
Scott A Adler ◽  
Kyle J Comishen ◽  
Audrey M B Wong-Kee-You
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Selective Attention ◽  
Birth Experience

Push-Pull Mechanism of Selective Attention in Human Extrastriate Cortex

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 622-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Pinsk ◽  
Glen M. Doniger ◽  
Sabine Kastner
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Target Selection ◽  
Visual Space ◽  
Neural Representation ◽  
Extrastriate Cortex ◽  
Related Activity ◽  
Directed Attention ◽  
Frontoparietal Network ◽  
Visual Hemifield ◽  
Attentional Load

Selective attention operates in visual cortex by facilitating processing of selected stimuli and by filtering out unwanted information from nearby distracters over circumscribed regions of visual space. The neural representation of unattended stimuli outside this focus of attention is less well understood. We studied the neural fate of unattended stimuli using functional magnetic resonance imaging by dissociating the activity evoked by attended (target) stimuli presented to the periphery of a visual hemifield and unattended (distracter) stimuli presented simultaneously to a corresponding location of the contralateral hemifield. Subjects covertly directed attention to a series of target stimuli and performed either a low or a high attentional-load search task on a stream of otherwise identical stimuli. With this task, target-search-related activity increased with increasing attentional load, whereas distracter-related activity decreased with increasing load in areas V4 and TEO but not in early areas V1 and V2. This finding presents evidence for a load-dependent push-pull mechanism of selective attention that operates over large portions of the visual field at intermediate processing stages. This mechanism appeared to be controlled by a distributed frontoparietal network of brain areas that reflected processes related to target selection during spatially directed attention.

Target selection for predictive smooth pursuit eye movements

2004 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Poliakoff ◽  
C. J. S. Collins ◽  
G. R. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Smooth Pursuit ◽  
Target Selection ◽  
Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements ◽  
Pursuit Eye Movements ◽  
Selection For

Eye movements and spatial selective attention in schizophrenia

1993 ◽  
Vol 9 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
A.B. Sereno ◽  
P.S. Holzman
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Selective Attention

scholarly journals Separable Influences of Reward on Visual Processing and Choice

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-262
Author(s):  
Alireza Soltani ◽  
Mohsen Rakhshan ◽  
Robert J. Schafer ◽  
Brittany E. Burrows ◽  
Tirin Moore
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Visual Motion ◽  
Target Selection ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Reward Value ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Visual Targets ◽  
Reinforcement Learning Models ◽  
Selection Of

Primate vision is characterized by constant, sequential processing and selection of visual targets to fixate. Although expected reward is known to influence both processing and selection of visual targets, similarities and differences between these effects remain unclear mainly because they have been measured in separate tasks. Using a novel paradigm, we simultaneously measured the effects of reward outcomes and expected reward on target selection and sensitivity to visual motion in monkeys. Monkeys freely chose between two visual targets and received a juice reward with varying probability for eye movements made to either of them. Targets were stationary apertures of drifting gratings, causing the end points of eye movements to these targets to be systematically biased in the direction of motion. We used this motion-induced bias as a measure of sensitivity to visual motion on each trial. We then performed different analyses to explore effects of objective and subjective reward values on choice and sensitivity to visual motion to find similarities and differences between reward effects on these two processes. Specifically, we used different reinforcement learning models to fit choice behavior and estimate subjective reward values based on the integration of reward outcomes over multiple trials. Moreover, to compare the effects of subjective reward value on choice and sensitivity to motion directly, we considered correlations between each of these variables and integrated reward outcomes on a wide range of timescales. We found that, in addition to choice, sensitivity to visual motion was also influenced by subjective reward value, although the motion was irrelevant for receiving reward. Unlike choice, however, sensitivity to visual motion was not affected by objective measures of reward value. Moreover, choice was determined by the difference in subjective reward values of the two options, whereas sensitivity to motion was influenced by the sum of values. Finally, models that best predicted visual processing and choice used sets of estimated reward values based on different types of reward integration and timescales. Together, our results demonstrate separable influences of reward on visual processing and choice, and point to the presence of multiple brain circuits for the integration of reward outcomes.

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