scholarly journals Eye movements during working memory retention period influence performance

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 507-507
Author(s):  
Z. Jin ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
L. Li
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Memory Retention ◽  
Retention Period

scholarly journals The effect of unprovoked eye movements during visual working memory retention

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 39b
Author(s):  
Carly J. Leonard ◽  
Alexander S. Morales
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Visual Working Memory ◽  
Memory Retention

scholarly journals Auditory cortical alpha desynchronization prioritizes the representation of memory items during a retention period

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Kraft ◽  
Gianpaolo Demarchi ◽  
Nathan Weisz
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Distractor Condition ◽  
Visual Modality ◽  
Cortical Region ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Memory Retention ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Retention Period ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Memory Probe

AbstractMaintaining information in working memory normally happens in dynamic environments, with a multitude of distracting events. This is particularly evident in the auditory system, for example, when trying to memorize a telephone number during ongoing background noise. How relevant to-be-memorized information is protected against the adverse influence of a temporally predictable distractor was the main goal of the present study. For this purpose we adapted a Sternberg task variant established in the visual modality, with either a strong or a weak distracting sound presented at a fixed time during the retention period. Our behavioral analysis confirmed a small, albeit significant deterioration of memory performance in the strong distractor condition. We used a time-generalized decoding approach applied to magnetoencephalography (MEG) data to investigate the extent of memory probe-related information prior to the anticipated distractor onset and found a relative decrease for the strong distractor condition. This effect was paralleled by a pre-distractor alpha power decrease in the left superior temporal gyrus (STG), a cortical region putatively holding memory content relevant information. Based on gating frameworks of alpha oscillations, these results could be interpreted as a failed inhibition of an anticipated strong (more salient) distractor. However, in a critical analysis we found that reduced alpha power in the left STG was associated with relatively increased memory probe-related information. Our results therefore support the view of alpha power reductions in relevant sensory (here auditory) cortical areas to be a mechanism by which to-be-remembered information is prioritized during working memory retention periods.

scholarly journals Comprehension and Eye Movements in the Processing of Subject- and Object-Relative Clauses: Evidence from Dyslexia and Individual Differences

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 915
Author(s):  
Marianna Stella ◽  
Paul E. Engelhardt
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Relative Clauses ◽  
Sentence Type ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Subject And Object ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Processing Difficulty ◽  
Object Relative

In this study, we examined eye movements and comprehension in sentences containing a relative clause. To date, few studies have focused on syntactic processing in dyslexia and so one goal of the study is to contribute to this gap in the experimental literature. A second goal is to contribute to theoretical psycholinguistic debate concerning the cause and the location of the processing difficulty associated with object-relative clauses. We compared dyslexic readers (n = 50) to a group of non-dyslexic controls (n = 50). We also assessed two key individual differences variables (working memory and verbal intelligence), which have been theorised to impact reading times and comprehension of subject- and object-relative clauses. The results showed that dyslexics and controls had similar comprehension accuracy. However, reading times showed participants with dyslexia spent significantly longer reading the sentences compared to controls (i.e., a main effect of dyslexia). In general, sentence type did not interact with dyslexia status. With respect to individual differences and the theoretical debate, we found that processing difficulty between the subject and object relatives was no longer significant when individual differences in working memory were controlled. Thus, our findings support theories, which assume that working memory demands are responsible for the processing difficulty incurred by (1) individuals with dyslexia and (2) object-relative clauses as compared to subject relative clauses.

scholarly journals Pre-stimulus BOLD-network activation modulates EEG spectral activity during working memory retention

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Kottlow ◽  
Anthony Schlaepfer ◽  
Anja Baenninger ◽  
Lars Michels ◽  
Daniel Brandeis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Memory Retention ◽  
Spectral Activity ◽  
Network Activation

scholarly journals Individual differences in working memory capacity moderate effects of post-learning activity on memory consolidation over the long term

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Martini ◽  
Robert Marhenke ◽  
Caroline Martini ◽  
Sonja Rossi ◽  
Pierre Sachse
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Word List ◽  
Memory Capacity ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
Experimental Session ◽  
Distractor Task ◽  
Memory Retention ◽  
Eyes Closed

Abstract Similar to sleeping after learning, a brief period of wakeful resting after encoding new information supports memory retention in contrast to task-related cognition. Recent evidence suggests that working memory capacity (WMC) is related to sleep-dependent declarative memory consolidation. We tested whether WMC moderates the effect of a brief period of wakeful resting compared to performing a distractor task subsequent to encoding a word list. Participants encoded and immediately recalled a word list followed by either an 8 min wakeful resting period (eyes closed, relaxed) or by performing an adapted version of the d2 test of attention for 8 min. At the end of the experimental session (after 12–24 min) and again, after 7 days, participants were required to complete a surprise free recall test of both word lists. Our results show that interindividual differences in WMC are a central moderating factor for the effect of post-learning activity on memory retention. The difference in word retention between a brief period of wakeful resting versus performing a selective attention task subsequent to encoding increased in higher WMC individuals over a retention interval of 12–24 min, as well as over 7 days. This effect was reversed in lower WMC individuals. Our results extend findings showing that WMC seems not only to moderate sleep-related but also wakeful resting-related memory consolidation.

scholarly journals EMDR: Eye movements superior to beeps in taxing working memory and reducing vividness of recollections

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel A. van den Hout ◽  
Iris M. Engelhard ◽  
Marleen M. Rijkeboer ◽  
Jutte Koekebakker ◽  
Hellen Hornsveld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Eye Movements

Comparison of internal recitation and working memory retention cued by the same poetic phrase

NeuroImage ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. S335
Author(s):  
Kayako Matsuo ◽  
Chikako Kato ◽  
Masako Matsuzawa ◽  
Tomohisa Okada ◽  
Tetsuo Moriya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Memory Retention
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