scholarly journals Parallel programming of saccades during natural scene viewing: Evidence from eye movement positions

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 17-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. X. W. Wu ◽  
S. O. Gilani ◽  
J. J. A. van Boxtel ◽  
I. Amihai ◽  
F. K. Chua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parallel Programming ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Natural Scene ◽  
Scene Viewing

scholarly journals Robust sampling of decision information during perceptual choice

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (10) ◽  
pp. 2771-2776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hildward Vandormael ◽  
Santiago Herce Castañón ◽  
Jan Balaguer ◽  
Vickie Li ◽  
Christopher Summerfield
Keyword(s):  
Large Body ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Natural Scene ◽  
Perceptual Decision Making ◽  
Final Choice ◽  
Perceptual Decision ◽  
Sample Information ◽  
Scene Viewing ◽  
Spatial Locations

Humans move their eyes to gather information about the visual world. However, saccadic sampling has largely been explored in paradigms that involve searching for a lone target in a cluttered array or natural scene. Here, we investigated the policy that humans use to overtly sample information in a perceptual decision task that required information from across multiple spatial locations to be combined. Participants viewed a spatial array of numbers and judged whether the average was greater or smaller than a reference value. Participants preferentially sampled items that were less diagnostic of the correct answer (“inlying” elements; that is, elements closer to the reference value). This preference to sample inlying items was linked to decisions, enhancing the tendency to give more weight to inlying elements in the final choice (“robust averaging”). These findings contrast with a large body of evidence indicating that gaze is directed preferentially to deviant information during natural scene viewing and visual search, and suggest that humans may sample information “robustly” with their eyes during perceptual decision-making.

Our Eyes do Not Always Go Where we Want Them to Go: Capture of the Eyes by New Objects

1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 379-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Theeuwes ◽  
Arthur F. Kramer ◽  
Sowon Hahn ◽  
David E. Irwin
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Parallel Programming ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Color Singleton ◽  
Rapid Eye Movements ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Task Irrelevant ◽  
Singleton Target

Observers make rapid eye movements to examine the world around them. Before an eye movement is made, attention is covertly shifted to the location of the object of interest. The eyes typically will land at the position at which attention is directed. Here we report that a goal-directed eye movement toward a uniquely colored object is disrupted by the appearance of a new but task-irrelevant object, unless subjects have a sufficient amount of time to focus their attention on the location of the target prior to the appearance of the new object. In many instances, the eyes started moving toward the new object before gaze started to shift to the color-singleton target. The eyes often landed for a very short period of time (25–150 ms) near the new object. The results suggest parallel programming of two saccades: one voluntary, goal-directed eye movement toward the color-singleton target and one stimulus-driven eye movement reflexively elicited by the appearance of the new object. Neuroanatomical structures responsible for parallel programming of saccades are discussed.

scholarly journals Maxwellian Eye Fixation during Natural Scene Perception

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Duchesne ◽  
Vincent Bouvier ◽  
Julien Guillemé ◽  
Olivier A. Coubard
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Scene Perception ◽  
Random Motion ◽  
Natural Scenes ◽  
Movement Amplitude ◽  
Natural Scene ◽  
Eye Fixation ◽  
Free Viewing ◽  
Natural Scene Perception

When we explore a visual scene, our eyes make saccades to jump rapidly from one area to another and fixate regions of interest to extract useful information. While the role of fixation eye movements in vision has been widely studied, their random nature has been a hitherto neglected issue. Here we conducted two experiments to examine the Maxwellian nature of eye movements during fixation. In Experiment 1, eight participants were asked to perform free viewing of natural scenes displayed on a computer screen while their eye movements were recorded. For each participant, the probability density function (PDF) of eye movement amplitude during fixation obeyed the law established by Maxwell for describing molecule velocity in gas. Only the mean amplitude of eye movements varied with expertise, which was lower in experts than novice participants. In Experiment 2, two participants underwent fixed time, free viewing of natural scenes and of their scrambled version while their eye movements were recorded. Again, the PDF of eye movement amplitude during fixation obeyed Maxwell’s law for each participant and for each scene condition (normal or scrambled). The results suggest that eye fixation during natural scene perception describes a random motion regardless of top-down or of bottom-up processes.

Curious eyes: Individual differences in personality predict eye movement behavior in scene-viewing

Cognition ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan F. Risko ◽  
Nicola C. Anderson ◽  
Sophie Lanthier ◽  
Alan Kingstone
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Movement Behavior ◽  
Scene Viewing

scholarly journals A Computational Dual-Process Model of Fixation-Duration Control in Natural Scene Viewing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Calen Walshe ◽  
Antje Nuthmann
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Fixation Duration ◽  
Stochastic Simulations ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Natural Scene ◽  
Luminance Change ◽  
Dual Process Model ◽  
Scene Viewing ◽  
Visual Cognitive

AbstractResearch on eye-movement control during natural scene viewing has investigated the degree to which the duration of individual fixations can be immediately adjusted to ongoing visual-cognitive processing demands. Results from several studies using the fixation-contingent scene quality paradigm suggest that the timing of fixations adapts to stimulus changes that occur on a fixation-to-fixation basis. Analysis of fixation-duration distributions has revealed that saccade-contingent degradations and enhancements of the scene stimulus have two qualitatively distinct types of influence. The surprise effect begins early in a fixation and is tied to surprising visual events such as unexpected stimulus changes. The encoding effect is tied to difficulties in visual-cognitive processing and occurs relatively late within a fixation. Here, we formalize an existing descriptive account of these two effects (referred to as the dual-process account) by using stochastic simulations. In the computational model, surprise and encoding related influences are implemented as time-dependent changes in the rate at which saccade timing and programming are completed during critical fixations. The model was tested on data from two experiments in which the luminance of the scene image was either decreased or increased during selected critical fixations (Walshe & Nuthmann, Vision Research, 100, 38–46 2014). A counterfactual method was used to remove model components and to identify their specific influence on the fixation_duration distributions. The results suggest that the computational dual-process model provides a good account for the data from the luminance-change studies. We describe how the simulations can be generalized to explain a diverse set of experimental results.

scholarly journals Eye movement patterns and visual attention during scene viewing in 3- to 12-month-olds

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREA HELO ◽  
PIA RÄMÄ ◽  
SEBASTIAN PANNASCH ◽  
DAVID MEARY
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
First Year ◽  
Attentional Processing ◽  
Fixation Durations ◽  
Feature Processing ◽  
Scene Viewing ◽  
Image Inspection ◽  
Object Feature ◽  
First Year Of Life

AbstractRecently, two attentional modes have been associated with specific eye movement patterns during scene processing. Ambient mode, characterized by short fixations and long saccades during early scene inspection, is associated with localization of objects. Focal mode, characterized by longer fixations, is associated with more detailed object feature processing during later inspection phase. The aim of the present study was to investigate the development of these attentional modes. More specifically, we examined whether indications of ambient and focal attention modes are similar in infants and adults. Therefore, we measured eye movements in 3- to 12-months-old infants while exploring visual scenes. Our results show that both adults and 12-month-olds had shorter fixation durations within the first 1.5 s of scene viewing compared with later time phases (>2.5 s); indicating that there was a transition from ambient to focal processing during image inspection. In younger infants, fixation durations between two viewing phases did not differ. Our results suggest that at the end of the first year of life, infants have developed an adult-like scene viewing behavior. The evidence for the existence of distinct attentional processing mechanisms during early infancy furthermore underlines the importance of the concept of the two modes.

Developmental changes in natural scene viewing in infancy.

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 1025-1041
Author(s):  
Katherine I. Pomaranski ◽  
Taylor R. Hayes ◽  
Mee-Kyoung Kwon ◽  
John M. Henderson ◽  
Lisa M. Oakes
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Natural Scene ◽  
Scene Viewing
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document