scholarly journals Neural correlates of ground plane perception revealed using multivariate pattern analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1202-1202
Author(s):  
K. B. Porter ◽  
P. J. Kohler ◽  
C. E. P. Cavanagh ◽  
P. U. Tse
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Multivariate Pattern Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Pattern

scholarly journals Distinct and overlapping neural correlates of metacognitive monitoring and metacognitive control

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Boldt ◽  
Sam Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Multivariate Pattern Analysis ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Metacognitive Monitoring ◽  
Metacognitive Control ◽  
Multivariate Pattern ◽  
And Control ◽  
Influence Behavior

Metacognition describes the process of monitoring one’s own mental states, often for the purpose of cognitive control. Previous research has investigated how metacognitive signals are generated (metacognitive monitoring), for example when people judge their confidence in their decisions and memories. Research has also investigated how these metacognitive signals are used to influence behavior (metacognitive control), for example setting a reminder (i.e. cognitive offloading) for something you are not confident you will remember. However, the mapping between metacognitive monitoring and metacognitive control has not been directly studied on a neural level. We used fMRI to investigate a delayed-intentions task with a reminder element, allowing participants to use their metacognitive insight to engage metacognitive control. Using multivariate pattern analysis, we found that we could separately decode both monitoring and control, and, to a lesser extent, cross-classify between them. Therefore, brain patterns associated with monitoring and control are partially, but not fully, overlapping.

scholarly journals Neural correlates of conscious visual perception lie outside the visual system: evidence from the double-drift illusion

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirui Liu ◽  
Qing Yu ◽  
Peter U. Tse ◽  
Patrick Cavanagh
Keyword(s):  
Visual System ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Multivariate Pattern Analysis ◽  
Visual Areas ◽  
Visual Cortices ◽  
Multivariate Pattern ◽  
The Brain

SummaryWhen perception differs from the physical stimulus, as it does for visual illusions and binocular rivalry, the opportunity arises to localize where perception emerges in the visual processing hierarchy. Representations prior to that stage differ from the eventual conscious percept even though they provide input to it. Here we investigate where and how a remarkable misperception of position emerges in the brain. This “double-drift” illusion causes a dramatic mismatch between retinal and perceived location, producing a perceived path that can differ from its physical path by 45° or more [1]. The deviations in the perceived trajectory can accumulate over at least a second [1] whereas other motion-induced position shifts accumulate over only 80 to 100 ms before saturating [2]. Using fMRI and multivariate pattern analysis, we find that the illusory path does not share activity patterns with a matched physical path in any early visual areas. In contrast, a whole-brain searchlight analysis reveals a shared representation in more anterior regions of the brain. These higher-order areas would have the longer time constants required to accumulate the small moment-to-moment position offsets that presumably originate in early visual cortices, and then transform these sensory inputs into a final conscious percept. The dissociation between perception and the activity in early sensory cortex suggests that perceived position does not emerge in what is traditionally regarded as the visual system but emerges instead at a much higher level.

scholarly journals A Multivariate Pattern Analysis of Metabolic Profile in Neurologically Impaired Children and Adolescents

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Valeria Calcaterra ◽  
Giacomo Biganzoli ◽  
Gloria Pelizzo ◽  
Hellas Cena ◽  
Alessandra Rizzuto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Pattern Analysis ◽  
Neurologically Impaired ◽  
Multivariate Pattern ◽  
Impaired Children

Background: The prevalence of pediatric metabolic syndrome is usually closely linked to overweight and obesity; however, this condition has also been described in children with disabilities. We performed a multivariate pattern analysis of metabolic profiles in neurologically impaired children and adolescents in order to reveal patterns and crucial biomarkers among highly interrelated variables. Patients and methods: We retrospectively reviewed 44 cases of patients (25M/19F, mean age 12.9 ± 8.0) with severe disabilities. Clinical and anthropometric parameters, body composition, blood pressure, and metabolic and endocrinological assessment (fasting blood glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase) were recorded in all patients. As a control group, we evaluated 120 healthy children and adolescents (61M/59F, mean age 12.9 ± 2.7). Results: In the univariate analysis, the children-with-disabilities group showed a more dispersed distribution, thus with higher variability of the features related to glucose metabolism and insulin resistance (IR) compared to the healthy controls. The principal component (PC1), which emerged from the PC analysis conducted on the merged dataset and characterized by these variables, was crucial in describing the differences between the children-with-disabilities group and controls. Conclusion: Children and adolescents with disabilities displayed a different metabolic profile compared to controls. Metabolic syndrome (MetS), particularly glucose metabolism and IR, is a crucial point to consider in the treatment and care of this fragile pediatric population. Early detection of the interrelated variables and intervention on these modifiable risk factors for metabolic disturbances play a central role in pediatric health and life expectancy in patients with a severe disability.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document