scholarly journals Perceptual and conceptual priming in picture identification on the basis of contour fragments with specific curvature properties

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wagemans ◽  
S. Panis ◽  
J. Winter ◽  
H. Op de Beeck
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Priming ◽  
Specific Curvature ◽  
Picture Identification

Discrimination of Time-Altered Sentential Approximations and Monosyllables by Children with Reading Problems

1978 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry A. Freeman ◽  
Daniel S. Beasley
Keyword(s):  
Reading Problems ◽  
Normal Reading ◽  
Impaired Children ◽  
Picture Identification

This study compared the performance of normal-reading and reading-impaired children using time-compressed three- and five-word sentential approximations to full grammatically, and the Word Intelligibility by Picture Identification (WIPI) test presented with and without pictures. Results suggested that reading-impaired children could be differentiated from normal readers by scores on these measures and by types of errors made. Theoretical and pragmatic implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Conceptual Priming and Familiarity: Different Expressions of Memory during Recognition Testing with Distinct Neurophysiological Correlates

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 2638-2651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel L. Voss ◽  
Heather D. Lucas ◽  
Ken A. Paller
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Memory ◽  
Explicit Memory ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Neural Signals ◽  
Conceptual Information ◽  
Conceptual Priming ◽  
Familiarity And Recollection ◽  
Recognition Testing ◽  
Different Characteristics

Familiarity and recollection are qualitatively different explicit-memory phenomena evident during recognition testing. Investigations of the neurocognitive substrates of familiarity and recollection, however, have typically disregarded implicit-memory processes likely to be engaged during recognition tests. We reasoned that differential neural responses to old and new items in a recognition test may reflect either explicit or implicit memory. Putative neural correlates of familiarity in prior experiments, for example, may actually reflect contamination by implicit memory. In two experiments, we used obscure words that subjects could not formally define to tease apart electrophysiological correlates of familiarity and one form of implicit memory, conceptual priming. In Experiment 1, conceptual priming was observed for words only if they elicited meaningful associations. In Experiment 2, two distinct neural signals were observed in conjunction with familiarity-based recognition: late posterior potentials for words that both did and did not elicit meaningful associations and FN400 potentials only for the former. Given that symbolic meaning is a prerequisite for conceptual priming, the combined results specifically link late posterior potentials and FN400 potentials with familiarity and conceptual priming, respectively. These findings contradict previous interpretations of FN400 potentials as generic signals of familiarity and show that repeated stimuli in recognition tests can engender facilitated processing of conceptual information in addition to retrieval processing that leads to the awareness of memory retrieval. The different characteristics of the electrical markers of these two types of process further underscore the biological validity of the distinction between implicit memory and explicit memory.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Visual Perception Visual Memory Cognitive Functions and Emotional Status among Genders in Elderly Subjects

2021 ◽  
pp. 330-336
Author(s):  
A. Ruhina ◽  
G. Sridevi
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Visual Perception ◽  
Depth Perception ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Emotional Status ◽  
Cognitive Test Performance ◽  
Picture Identification

Background: Gender differences in visual memory and perception and cognitive test performance have been significantly influenced by factors like sex Objective: The current study aimed to evaluate the gender differences in patterns of cognitive test performance and visual perception in healthy elderly individuals. Methods: Cognitive functions and visual perception was analyzed using clock drawing test and picture identification test in 20 elderly men and women (10 each) and their emotional status was assessed using depression scale Results: The results revealed that females had a better visual memory and depth perception compared to men and the value was statistically significant at p<0.05. Females performed better than men on tests of Picture identification and were better in phonemic verbal skills compared to male men and the value was statistically significant at p<0.05 Conclusion: The present study concluded an innovative finding that women were better in their performance related to visual depth perception and cognitive functions.

scholarly journals Temporal Semiotic Units as Minimal Meaningful Units in Music? An Electrophysiological Approach

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Frey ◽  
Cééline Marie ◽  
Lucie Prod'Homme ◽  
Martine Timsit-Berthier ◽  
Daniele Schöön ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Significance ◽  
Environmental Sounds ◽  
Conceptual Priming

THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE WHETHER conceptual priming occurs between successively presented short musical pieces called Temporal Semantic Units (TSUs). Behavioral and ERP data were recorded while participants, experts and nonexperts in TSUs, were listening to pairs of TSUs and were asked to determine whether the target TSU evoked the same or a different concept than the prime TSU. Target TSUs were either congruous (i.e., they developed the same musical concept as the prime TSUs) or incongruous (i.e., they started as congruous TSUs but shifted midstream into a different concept). Results showed that, whereas P3a components were elicited in both groups by the shifting into incongruous TSUs, thereby reflecting an automatic shift of attention when the changes occurred, P3b components were elicited in experts and N400-like components were found in nonexperts. The functional significance of these results is discussed in regard of previous results with environmental sounds.

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