Novel Nanoparticles Formulation for Cassette Dosing via Intravenous Injection in Rats for High Throughput Pharmacokinetic Screening and Potential Applications

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 7993-8000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Po-Chang Chiang ◽  
Yuzhong Deng ◽  
Savita Ubhayaka ◽  
Hank La ◽  
Yong Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Screening ◽  
Cassette Dosing

scholarly journals High Throughput Phenotypic Screening of The Human Spermatozoon

Reproduction ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoe Claire Johnston ◽  
Franz S Gruber ◽  
Sean Brown ◽  
Neil R Norcross ◽  
Jason R Swedlow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Sperm Function ◽  
Phenotypic Screening ◽  
Environmental Chemical ◽  
Potential Applications

Despite recent advances in male reproductive health research, there remain many elements of male (in)fertility where our understanding is incomplete. Consequently, diagnostic tools and treatments for men with sperm dysfunction, other than medically assisted reproduction, are limited. On the other hand, the gaps in our knowledge of the mechanisms which underpin sperm function have hampered the development of male non-hormonal contraceptives. The study of mature spermatozoa is inherently difficult. They are a unique and highly specialised cell type which does not actively transcribe or translate proteins and cannot be cultured for long periods of time or matured in vitro. One, large scale, approach to both increasing understanding of sperm function, and the discovery and development of compounds that can modulate sperm function, is to directly observe responses to compounds with phenotypic screening techniques. These target agnostic approaches can be developed into high-throughput screening platforms with the potential to drastically increase advances in the field. Here we discuss the rationale and development of high-throughput phenotypic screening platforms for mature human spermatozoa, and the multiple potential applications these present, as well as the current limitations and leaps in our understanding and capabilities needed to overcome them. Further development and use of these technologies could lead to the identification of compounds which positively or negatively affect sperm cell motility or function, or novel platforms for toxicology or environmental chemical testing among other applications. Ultimately, each of these potential applications is also likely to increase understanding within the field of sperm biology.

scholarly journals A Deep Boosting Based Approach for Capturing the Sequence Binding Preferences of RNA-Binding Proteins from High-Throughput CLIP-Seq Data

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuya Li ◽  
Fanghong Dong ◽  
Yuexin Wu ◽  
Sai Zhang ◽  
Chen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Gene Expression Regulation ◽  
Rna Binding Proteins ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Validation Tests

AbstractCharacterizing the binding behaviors of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) is important for understanding their functional roles in gene expression regulation. However, current high-throughput experimental methods for identifying RBP targets, such as CLIP-seq and RNAcompete, usually suffer from the false positive and false negative issues. Here, we develop a deep boosting based machine learning approach, called DeBooster, to accurately model the binding sequence preferences and identify the corresponding binding targets of RBPs from CLIP-seq data. Comprehensive validation tests have shown that DeBooster can outperform other state-of-the-art approaches in predicting RBP targets and recover false negatives that are common in current CLIP-seq data. In addition, we have demonstrated several new potential applications of DeBooster in understanding the regulatory functions of RBPs, including the binding effects of the RNA helicase MOV10 on mRNA degradation, the influence of different binding behaviors of the ADAR proteins on RNA editing, as well as the antagonizing effect of RBP binding on miRNA repression. Moreover, DeBooster may provide an effective index to investigate the effect of pathogenic mutations in RBP binding sites, especially those related to splicing events. We expect that DeBooster will be widely applied to analyze large-scale CLIP-seq experimental data and can provide a practically useful tool for novel biological discoveries in understanding the regulatory mechanisms of RBPs.

scholarly journals High-throughput phenotyping in cotton: a review

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irish Lorraine B. PABUAYON ◽  
Yazhou SUN ◽  
Wenxuan GUO ◽  
Glen L. RITCHIE
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
High Throughput Phenotyping

Abstract Recent technological advances in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) phenotyping have offered tools to improve the efficiency of data collection and analysis. High-throughput phenotyping (HTP) is a non-destructive and rapid approach of monitoring and measuring multiple phenotypic traits related to the growth, yield, and adaptation to biotic or abiotic stress. Researchers have conducted extensive experiments on HTP and developed techniques including spectral, fluorescence, thermal, and three-dimensional imaging to measure the morphological, physiological, and pathological resistance traits of cotton. In addition, ground-based and aerial-based platforms were also developed to aid in the implementation of these HTP systems. This review paper highlights the techniques and recent developments for HTP in cotton, reviews the potential applications according to morphological and physiological traits of cotton, and compares the advantages and limitations of these HTP systems when used in cotton cropping systems. Overall, the use of HTP has generated many opportunities to accurately and efficiently measure and analyze diverse traits of cotton. However, because of its relative novelty, HTP has some limitations that constrains the ability to take full advantage of what it can offer. These challenges need to be addressed to increase the accuracy and utility of HTP, which can be done by integrating analytical techniques for big data and continuous advances in imaging.

Muscling in on microarrays

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Virtanen ◽  
Mark Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Dna Microarrays ◽  
Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Exercise Physiology ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Enormous Amount ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Affect Gene Expression

Adaptations that are the result of exercise require a multitude of changes at the level of gene expression. The mechanisms involved in regulating these changes are many, and can occur at various points in the pathways that affect gene expression. The completion of the human genome sequence, along with the genomes of related species, has provided an enormous amount of information to help dissect and understand these pathways. High-throughput methods, such as DNA microarrays, were the first on the scene to take advantage of this wealth of information. A new generation of microarrays has now taken the next step in revealing the mechanisms controlling gene expression. Analysis of the regulation of gene expression can now be profiled in a high-throughput fashion. However, the application of this technology has yet to be fully realized in the exercise physiology community. This review will highlight some of the latest advances in microarrays and briefly discuss some potential applications to the field of exercise physiology.

scholarly journals An approach to high-throughput X-ray diffraction analysis of combinatorial polycrystalline thin film libraries

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Roncallo ◽  
O. Karimi ◽  
K. D. Rogers ◽  
D. W. Lane ◽  
S. A. Ansari
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Scattering Data ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Raster Scanning ◽  
Area Detector ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Compositional Gradients

With the demand for higher rates of discovery in the materials field, characterization techniques that are capable of rapidly and reliably surveying the characteristics of large numbers of samples are essential. A chemical combinatorial approach using thin films can provide detailed phase diagrams without the need to produce multiple, individual samples. This is achieved with compositional gradients forming high-density libraries. Conventional raster scanning of chemical or structural probes is subsequently used to interrogate the libraries. A new, alternative approach to raster scanning is introduced to provide a method of high-throughput data collection and analysis using an X-ray diffraction probe. Libraries are interrogated with an extended X-ray source and the scattering data collected using an area detector. A simple technique of `partitioning' this scattering distribution enables determination of information comparable to conventional raster scanned results but in a dramatically reduced collection time. The technique has been tested using synthetic X-ray scattering distributions and those obtained from contrived samples. In all cases, the partitioning algorithm is shown to be robust and to provide reliable data; discrimination along the library principal axis is shown to be ∼500 µm and the lattice parameter resolution to be ∼10−3 Å mm−1. The limitations of the technique are discussed and future potential applications described.

scholarly journals High-throughput 2D-to-4D fabrication of magneto-origami machines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengzhu Yi ◽  
Liu Wang ◽  
Zhipeng Chen ◽  
Qingqing Luo ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Quadruped Robot ◽  
Wireless Charging ◽  
Large Magnitude ◽  
Shape Morphing ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Roll To Roll ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Rolling Locomotion

Abstract Magneto-active soft machines capable of magnetically controllable shape-morphing and locomotion have diverse promising applications such as untethered biomedical robots. However, existing magneto-active soft machines often show simple structures and limited deformation range. These technologies also suffer because mass production of the magneto-active machines is unavailable. Here, we propose a direct 2D-to-4D fabrication strategy that transforms 2D magnetic sheets into 3D magneto-active soft machines with customized geometries by incorporating origami folding. The method can be easily adapted to roll-to-roll processing. This approach enables a variety of unique characteristics of magneto-origami machines, including large-magnitude deploying, sequential folding into predesigned shapes and multivariant actuation modes (e.g., contraction, bending, rotation and rolling locomotion). We leverage these abilities to demonstrate a few potential applications: an electronic robot capable of on-demand deploying and wireless charging, a mechanical 8-3 encoder, and a quadruped robot for cargo-release tasks. Our work paves a way for the high-throughput fabrication of magneto-active soft machines with multi-functionalities.

scholarly journals Bioprospecting the solar panel microbiome: high-throughput screening for antioxidant bacteria in aCaenorhabditis elegansmodel

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristie Tanner ◽  
Patricia Martorell ◽  
Salvador Genovés ◽  
Daniel Ramón ◽  
Lorenzo Zacarías ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Extreme Environment ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Ultraviolet Protection ◽  
Pigmented Bacteria

AbstractMicrobial communities that are exposed to sunlight typically share a series of adaptations to deal with the radiation they are exposed to, including efficient DNA repair systems, pigment production and protection against oxidative stress, which makes these environments good candidates for the search of novel antioxidant microorganisms. In this research project, we isolated potential antioxidant pigmented bacteria from a dry and highly-irradiated extreme environment: solar panels. High-throughputin vivoassays usingCaenorhabiditis elegansas an experimental model demonstrated the high antioxidant and ultraviolet-protection properties of these bacterial isolates that proved to be rich in carotenoids. Our results suggest that solar panels harbor a microbial community that includes strains with potential applications as antioxidants.

scholarly journals Chemical clustering and visualization applied to macromolecular crystallography

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C1145-C1145
Author(s):  
Andrew Bruno ◽  
Amanda Ruby ◽  
Joseph Luft ◽  
Thomas Grant ◽  
Jayaraman Seetharaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Clustering ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Rate Limiting Step ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Crystallization Conditions ◽  
Electron Density Map ◽  
Distance Coefficient ◽  
Rate Limiting

Many bioscience fields employ high-throughput methods to screen multiple biochemical conditions. The analysis of these becomes tedious without a degree of automation. Crystallization, a rate limiting step in biological X-ray crystallography, is one of these fields. Screening of multiple potential crystallization conditions (cocktails) is the most effective method of probing a proteins phase diagram and guiding crystallization but the interpretation of results can be consuming. To aid this empirical approach a cocktail distance coefficient was developed to quantitatively compare macromolecule crystallization conditions and outcome. These coefficients were evaluated against an existing similarity metric developed for crystallization, the C6 metric, using both virtual crystallization screens and by comparison of two related 1,536-cocktail high-throughput crystallization screens. Hierarchical clustering was employed to visualize one of these screens and the crystallization results from an exopolyphosphatase-related protein from Bacteroides fragilis, (BfR192) overlaid on this clustering. This demonstrated a strong correlation between certain chemically related clusters and crystal lead conditions. While this analysis was not used to guide the initial crystallization optimization, it led to the re-evaluation of unexplained peaks in the electron density map of the protein and the insertion and correct placement of a sodium, potassium and phosphate atoms in the structure. With these in place, the resulting structure of the putative active site demonstrated features consistent with active sites of other phosphatases which are involved in binding the phosphoryl moieties of nucleotide triphosphates. The new distance coefficient appears to be robust in this application and coupled with hierarchical clustering and the overlay of crystallization outcome reveals information of biological relevance. While tested with a single example the potential applications appear promising.

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