Systemic Distribution and Elimination of Plain and with Cy3.5 Functionalized Poly(vinyl alcohol) Coated Superparamagnetic Maghemite Nanoparticles After Intraarticular Injection in Sheep In Vivo

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3261-3268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hellstern ◽  
Katja Schulze ◽  
Bernhard Schöpf ◽  
Alke Petri-Fink ◽  
Benedikt Steitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Fluorescent Microscopy ◽  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intraarticular Injection ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Maghemite Nanoparticles ◽  
Systemic Distribution ◽  
Concentration Levels

PVA coated and fluorescent dye (Cy3.5) functionalized vinyl alcohol/vinyl amine copolymer coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) were evaluated for systemic distribution and elimination after intraarticular injection in sheep. Observation was done at 3, 24, 72, and 120 hours after injection using light microscopy, fluorescent microscopy, and confocal microscopy. No pathologic influence of SPION on the tissue harvested could be seen. A significantly increased iron content could be identified in the kidneys, lymph nodes, and spleen after injection of SPION. No particles were detected in the liver, the urinary, and the gall bladder. No positive fluorescent signal could be attributed to SPION throughout the organs. Our results indicated that the iron component of the SPION is possible to be incorporated into the physiologic iron metabolism after reabsorption in the proximal tubule system of the kidney and that concentration levels of Cy3.5 are too low to be detected throughout the body.

scholarly journals Novel Hydrogels of Chitosan and Poly (vinyl alcohol) Reinforced with Inorganic Particles of Bioactive Glass

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 691
Author(s):  
O. Sánchez-Aguinagalde ◽  
Ainhoa Lejardi ◽  
Emilio Meaurio ◽  
Rebeca Hernández ◽  
Carmen Mijangos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Inorganic Particles ◽  
Release Studies

Chitosan (CS) and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels, a polymeric system that shows a broad potential in biomedical applications, were developed. Despite the advantages they present, their mechanical properties are insufficient to support the loads that appear on the body. Thus, it was proposed to reinforce these gels with inorganic glass particles (BG) in order to improve mechanical properties and bioactivity and to see how this reinforcement affects levofloxacin drug release kinetics. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), swelling tests, rheology and drug release studies characterized the resulting hydrogels. The experimental results verified the bioactivity of these gels, showed an improvement of the mechanical properties and proved that the added bioactive glass does affect the release kinetics.

scholarly journals Macrophages, the main marker in biocompatibility evaluation of new hydrogels after subcutaneous implantation in rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 088532822110461
Author(s):  
Tijana Lužajić Božinovski ◽  
Vera Todorović ◽  
Ivan Milošević ◽  
Bogomir Bolka Prokić ◽  
Vladimir Gajdov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Surface Interactions ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Nanocomposite Hydrogels ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Statistical Relevance ◽  
Biomaterial Surface

Biocompatibility of materials is one of the most important conditions for their successful application in tissue regeneration and repair. Cell-surface interactions stimulate adhesion and activation of macrophages whose acquaintance can assist in designing novel biomaterials that promote favorable macrophage–biomaterial surface interactions for clinical application. This study is designed to determine the distribution and number of macrophages as a means of biocompatibility evaluation of two newly synthesized materials [silver/poly(vinyl alcohol) (Ag/PVA) and silver/poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene (Ag/PVA/Gr) nanocomposite hydrogels] in vivo, with approval of the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade. Macrophages and giant cells were analyzed in tissue sections stained by routine H&E and immunohistochemical methods (CD68+). Statistical relevance was determined in the statistical software package SPSS 20 (IBM corp). The results of the study in terms of the number of giant cells localized around the implant showed that their number was highest on the seventh postoperative day (p.o.d.) in the group implanted with Ag/PVA hydrogels, and on the 30th p.o.d. in the group implanted with Ag/PVA/Gr. Interestingly, the number of macrophages measured in the capsular and pericapsular space was highest in the group implanted with the commercial Suprasorb© material. The increased macrophage number, registered around the Ag/PVA/Gr implant on 60th p.o.d. indicates that the addition of graphene can, in a specific way, modulate different biological responses of tissues in the process of wound healing, regeneration, and integration.

Poly(acrylic acid)-block-poly(vinyl alcohol) anchored maghemite nanoparticles designed for multi-stimuli triggered drug release

Nanoscale ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (23) ◽  
pp. 11464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Liu ◽  
Christophe Detrembleur ◽  
Antoine Debuigne ◽  
Marie-Claire De Pauw-Gillet ◽  
Stéphane Mornet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Maghemite Nanoparticles ◽  
Triggered Drug Release ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

scholarly journals Mixed Amphiphilic Polymeric Nanoparticles of Chitosan, Poly(vinyl alcohol) and Poly(methyl methacrylate) for Intranasal Drug Delivery: A Preliminary In Vivo Study

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (19) ◽  
pp. 4496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inbar Schlachet ◽  
Hen Moshe Halamish ◽  
Alejandro Sosnik
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Drug Bioavailability ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
The Brain

Intranasal (i.n.) administration became an alternative strategy to bypass the blood–brain barrier and improve drug bioavailability in the brain. The main goal of this work was to preliminarily study the biodistribution of mixed amphiphilic mucoadhesive nanoparticles made of chitosan-g-poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(vinyl alcohol)-g-poly(methyl methacrylate) and ionotropically crosslinked with sodium tripolyphosphate in the brain after intravenous (i.v.) and i.n. administration to Hsd:ICR mice. After i.v. administration, the highest nanoparticle accumulation was detected in the liver, among other peripheral organs. After i.n. administration of a 10-times smaller nanoparticle dose, the accumulation of the nanoparticles in off-target organs was much lower than after i.v. injection. In particular, the accumulation of the nanoparticles in the liver was 20 times lower than by i.v. When brains were analyzed separately, intravenously administered nanoparticles accumulated mainly in the “top” brain, reaching a maximum after 1 h. Conversely, in i.n. administration, nanoparticles were detected in the “bottom” brain and the head (maximum reached after 2 h) owing to their retention in the nasal mucosa and could serve as a reservoir from which the drug is released and transported to the brain over time. Overall, results indicate that i.n. nanoparticles reach similar brain bioavailability, though with a 10-fold smaller dose, and accumulate in off-target organs to a more limited extent and only after redistribution through the systemic circulation. At the same time, both administration routes seem to lead to differential accumulation in brain regions, and thus, they could be beneficial in the treatment of different medical conditions.

Surface Modified Poly(vinyl alcohol) Nanofiber for the Artificial Corneal Stroma

2007 ◽  
Vol 342-343 ◽  
pp. 209-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisatoshi Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Corneal Epithelium ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Corneal Stroma ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Type I ◽  
Nanofiber Sheets

Previously we have found that the immobilization of Type I collagen on the poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA) hydrogel disc was effective in supporting adhesion and growth of the corneal epithelium and stromal cell in vitro. But the durability of the produced corneal epithelium layer in vivo has some problem. We hypothesized the cell construction force is much stronger than the force of the cell adhesion on the flat modified PVA surfaces. Therefore the improvement of mechanical anchoring force between the substrate and formed corneal cell layer maybe become one of the solving methods. In this study, we prepared the PVA nanofiber mat by using the electrospinning method and the surface modification of the PVA nanofiber was studied to improve the durability of the corneal epithelium layer. The collagen-immobilized PVA nanofiber sheets could support the adhesion and proliferation of rabbit corneal epithelial cells. And the stratified corneal epithelium structure was observed on the PVA nanofiber sheets when the epithelium was co-cultured with rabbit corneal stromal cells. It means that the corneal epithelium was well differentiated on the collagen immobilized PVA nanofiber sheet. The stability of the corneal epithelium layer on the PVA was dramatically improved; the stratified epithelium layer was kept for two weeks after the differentiation introduction, totally after one month. A light transmittance of these materials is not yet enough. Further study to improve the transmission of light, is required.

Poly(vinyl alcohol) Cross-Linkers for in Vivo Injectable Hydrogels

2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 3971-3982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitri A. Ossipov ◽  
Sonya Piskounova ◽  
Jöns Hilborn
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Injectable Hydrogels

scholarly journals Evaluation of Soft Tissue Regenerative Processes After Subcutaneous Implantation of Silver/ Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) and Novel Silver/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/Graphene Hydrogels in an Animal Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-302
Author(s):  
Tijana Lužajić Božinovski ◽  
Vera Todorović ◽  
Ivan Milošević ◽  
Vladimir Gajdov ◽  
Bogomir Bolka Prokić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Type Iii Collagen ◽  
Type I ◽  
Subcutaneous Implantation ◽  
Ki 67

Abstract A newly produced biomaterial is necessarily subject of standards, which are performed in vivo on animal models. For the evaluation of soft tissue regenerative possibilities after subcutaneous implantation of biomaterials – silver/poly(vinyl alcohol) (Ag/PVA) and novel silver/poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene (Ag/PVA/Gr) provided for clinical use, sixteen rats were used, according to the instructions of international standards, ISO 10993-6, 2007. Histological sections were observed 7, 15, 30 and 60 days after grafting. These hydrogels were produced by in situ electrochemical synthesis of silver nanoparticles in the polymer matrices, which enabled obtaining completely safe and biocompatible materials, free from any additional toxic chemical reducing agents. Surgical implantation of hydrogels was done according to the permission of the Ethical Committee of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade. Immunohistochemical (IHC) studies included the assessment of smooth muscle expression actin in blood vessels (α-SMA), the expression of laminin and type I and type III collagen in the skin structures, and, the determination of cell proliferation marker expression (Ki-67) keratinocytes. The results were assessed in a semiquantitative manner. The data were analyzed in the statistical software package IBM SPSS 20. The conclusions indicated that Ag/PVA/Gr might be used as wound dressings to enhance the tissue healing potential and established faster integration and shorter retention in the tissue.

scholarly journals Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps when Modeling Plague Infection in Mice Immunized with Yersinia pestis EV NIIEG

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
A. L. Kravtsov ◽  
A. Yu. Goncharova ◽  
S. A. Bugorkova ◽  
Z. L. Devdariani ◽  
V. A. Kozhevnikov
Keyword(s):  
Yersinia Pestis ◽  
Vaccine Strain ◽  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Fluorescent Microscopy ◽  
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps ◽  
The Body ◽  
Neutrophil Granulocytes ◽  
Extracellular Traps

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of Yersinia pestis EV NIIEG on the process of neutrophil extracellular traps formation in vivo when modeling plague infection and assess their contribution to antiplague protection.Materials and methods. BALB/c mice, which were immunized subcutaneously with the Y. pestis EV NIIEG vaccine strain, were used in the study. Animals were infected with a virulent strain Y. pestis 231 at a dose of 20 LD50 (103 CFU). To evaluate the contribution of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to antibacterial protection, an experimental model was used based on fermenting NETs in the abdominal cavity of mice with nuclease. To calculate the number of NETs in peritoneal exudate (PE) fluorescent microscopy was applied. Phagocytic activity of PE cells was determined by flow cytometry. Bactericidal effect of NETs was recorded using bacteriological method.Results and discussion. In pre-immunized mice, the process of NETs formation in response to the reintroduction of plague microbe living cells was 5 times more intense than in intact animals and was accompanied by a significant increase in the killing of Y. pestis cells in PE. The use of micrococcus nuclease in the experiment for fermentation of the NETs, produced in the body of immunized animals, provided evidence of NET participation in conferring anti-infective protection against plague infection. Thus, the established fact of the NET formation in case of Y. pestis infection of mice immunized with Y. pestis EV NIIEG vaccine strain and the influence of this process on the effectiveness of protection against plague is the basis for further clarifying the immunopathogenetic role of neutrophil granulocytes in plague. 

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