Renewable Resource Based Biocomposites from Coproduct of Dry Milling Corn Ethanol Industry and Castor Oil Based Biopolyurethanes

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiangxian Wu ◽  
Amar K. Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Corn Ethanol ◽  
Dry Milling

Cumulative Exergy and Life Cycle Assessment of Ethanol Fuel Production From Corn via Dry Milling

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noorie Rajvanshi ◽  
Herbert A. Ingley
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Secondary Process ◽  
Corn Ethanol ◽  
Dry Milling ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Acidification Potential

This study represents a cumulative exergy and life cycle assessment of corn ethanol production via dry milling. The process under consideration includes the agricultural process for production of corn, transportation of corn and industrial process of ethanol production. The secondary process of production of pesticides and fertilizers is also taken into consideration. It is seen that the exergy content of ethanol produced from this process is 23.3 MJ per liter of ethanol produced. The non-renewable input was 7.5 MJ per liter. The overall production efficiency of the industrial process was found to be 49%. The life cycle assessment results showed that both the global warming potential and acidification potential are positive which means that the production of corn ethanol via dry milling contributes to the increase of greenhouse gases and acidification.

scholarly journals Liplytic activity of some fungal species on castor oil

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (54) ◽  
pp. 6686-6699
Author(s):  
A Negedu ◽  
◽  
JB Ameh ◽  
VJ Umoh ◽  
SE Atawodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Aspergillus Terreus ◽  
Lipolytic Activity ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Aspergillus Tamarii ◽  
Syncephalastrum Racemosum

Castor seed is important because of the castor oil content (40 – 57%). The oil enjoys tremendous world demand in the pharmaceutical, paint, cosmetics, textile, leather, lubricant, chemical, plastic, fibre, automobile and engineering industries. Castor oil, aside being a renewable resource, it is biodegradable and eco- friendly. Agricultural products are natural habitats of fungi and these materials contain cellulose, hemi- cellulose, starch, oils and other complex organic compounds. The ability of the fungi to exist in these environment s largely depends on their ability to produce enzymes capable of breaking down the various organic materials to provide their nutrients. Castor seeds and castor oil are good sources of nutrients for fungal growth and development. Fungi are capable of producing lipases which can hydrolyze fats or oils to fatty acids thereby increasing the free fatty acids of the produce and this is a deteriorating effect. Lipid degradation takes place when seeds or their oils are damaged by improper storage conditions or are exposed to certain microorganisms. Studies were carried out on the ability of nine fungal species namely: Aspergillus tamari i Aspergillus chevallieri, Penicillium chrysogenum, Cephaliophora irregularis, Syncephalastrum racemosum, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ruber, Aspergillus terreus and Aspergillus niger to produce extracellular lipases in stationary liquid medium using quantitative and qualitative indices including, dry mycelia mass, free fatty acid and peroxide values. These studies showed that al l the mould species exhibited lipolytic activity to varying levels as confirmed by formation of blue halo round the fungal colonies. The highest level of lipolytic activity (96.88 % +1.12%) was produced by Aspergillus tamari . which was also characterized b y highest mycelia dry yield (2.54 mg/40ml + 0.20 mg/40ml), while Cephaliphora irregularis produced the least lipolytic activity (3.10 % + 0.18%). T he highest peroxide value (38.1 meq/kg + 1.17meq/kg) was obtained in the medium inoculated with Aspergillus tamarii while the least (6.20 meq/kg +0.58)meq/kg was with Aspergillus terreus after 30 days of storage. The study showed that Aspergillus tamarii and Aspergillus flavus grew well and readily caused lipolytic activity when cultured in medium containing castor oil as the only carbon source, suggesting that these fungal species contributed significantly to castor oil bio -deterioration.

scholarly journals Divergent Process for C10, C11and C12ω-Amino Acid and α,ω-Dicarboxylic Acid Monomers of Polyamides from Castor Oil as a Renewable Resource

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1873-1878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moo-Hyun Koh ◽  
Hyeon-Jeong Kim ◽  
Na-Ra Shin ◽  
Hyun-Su Kim ◽  
Dong-Won Yoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dicarboxylic Acid ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Renewable Resource

Integrate CHP to Improve Overall Corn Ethanol Economics

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milton Meckler ◽  
Son H. Ho
Keyword(s):  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Corn Ethanol ◽  
Dry Milling ◽  
Actual Case ◽  
Protein Meal ◽  
Freeze Concentration ◽  
Cycle Basis ◽  
Operational Costs

This paper presents a practical solution to improve the current overall corn ethanol economics. It is our intent in this paper also to focus our attention on extraction of corn ethanol and distillers dry grains with solubles (DDGS) employing the dry milling process since it appears to offer the greatest opportunity for substantial improvement. Alternate corn ethanol wet mill processing for the extraction of gluten protein meal for livestock food is also briefly described. A hybrid integrated steam jet refrigeration/freeze concentration system (ISJR/FCS) is proposed for the extraction of corn ethanol and DDGS in dry milling process. Technical feasibility of substantially reducing corn ethanol first cost on a life cycle basis as well as current operational costs and greenhouse gas emissions is demonstrated employing an actual case study.

Application of Castor Oil Based Polyurethane Resin in the Dimension Stone Block Wrapping Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 848 ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Leonardo Luiz Lyrio da Silveira ◽  
Bruna dos Santos Cezar Ferreira ◽  
Phillipe Fernandes de Almeida ◽  
Victor Moza Ponciano
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Dimension Stone ◽  
Stone Surface ◽  
Global Marketing ◽  
Stone Block ◽  
Polyurethane Resin

The dimension stone wrapping process is a method used before the sawing of the block which aims to enhance the integrity of the rock, thus ensuring that fractured or altered blocks remain intact while they are handling and splitting into slabs. This method increases safety and allows the processing of many materials once not commercialized. Nevertheless, the epoxy resin used in the process comes from a non-renewable resource and contains toxic substances on its composition. Therefore, in order to increase the eco-efficiency in the sector of dimension stones, a comparison of the epoxy resin with an ecological and non-toxic resin based on the castor oil, was carried out aiming to know the resulting tensile strength in the contact of the polymer with the stone surface. Two types of rocks were tested, a silicate and a carbonate one. The results indicated that the castor oil resin performed a higher tensile strength regarding carbonate rocks, suggesting that the castor oil resin could replace the epoxy resin when applied to this rock group, providing an environmental advantage and a global marketing differential.

Tide turns against corn ethanol

Nature ◽  
2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Tollefson
Keyword(s):  
Corn Ethanol

Making Castor Oil

1903 ◽  
Vol 55 (1420supp) ◽  
pp. 22756-22757
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil
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