Functional Roles and Molecular Mechanisms of Long Noncoding RNAs in Cancer Biology

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Wu ◽  
Paul J. Chiao
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Functional Roles

scholarly journals Molecular mechanisms of long noncoding RNAs on gastric cancer

Oncotarget ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 8601-8612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianwen Li ◽  
Xiaoyan Mo ◽  
Liyun Fu ◽  
Bingxiu Xiao ◽  
Junming Guo
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas

scholarly journals Long noncoding RNA: a dazzling dancer in tumor immune microenvironment

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yalu Zhang ◽  
Qiaofei Liu ◽  
Quan Liao
Keyword(s):  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Tumor Immune Microenvironment

Abstract Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of endogenous, non-protein coding RNAs that are highly linked to various cellular functions and pathological process. Emerging evidence indicates that lncRNAs participate in crosstalk between tumor and stroma, and reprogramming of tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). TIME possesses distinct populations of myeloid cells and lymphocytes to influence the immune escape of cancer, the response to immunotherapy, and the survival of patients. However, hitherto, a comprehensive review aiming at relationship between lncRNAs and TIME is missing. In this review, we focus on the functional roles and molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs within the TIME. Furthermore, we discussed the potential immunotherapeutic strategies based on lncRNAs and their limitations.

scholarly journals Molecular Mechanisms of Long Noncoding RNAs

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 904-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin C. Wang ◽  
Howard Y. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas

scholarly journals Identification of Long Noncoding RNAs as Predictors of Survival in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Based on Network Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Xiao Li ◽  
Li-Juan Wang ◽  
Jie Hou ◽  
Hong-Yang Liu ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Luminal A ◽  
Her2 Positive ◽  
Cancer Subtypes

Breast cancer is the most common cancer observed in adult females, worldwide. Due to the heterogeneity and varied molecular subtypes of breast cancer, the molecular mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis in different subtypes of breast cancer are distinct. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to be oncogenic or play important roles in cancer suppression and are used as biomarkers for diagnosis and therapy. In this study, we identified 134 lncRNAs and 6,414 coding genes were differentially expressed in triple-negative (TN), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2- (HER2-) positive, luminal A-positive, and luminal B-positive breast cancer. Of these, 37 lncRNAs were found to be dysregulated in all four subtypes of breast cancers. Subtypes of breast cancer special modules and lncRNA-mRNA interaction networks were constructed through weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). Survival analysis of another public datasets was used to verify the identified lncRNAs exhibiting potential indicative roles in TN prognosis. Results from heat map analysis of the identified lncRNAs revealed that five blocks were significantly displayed. High expressions of lncRNAs, including LINC00911, CSMD2-AS1, LINC01192, SNHG19, DSCAM-AS1, PCAT4, ACVR28-AS1, and CNTFR-AS1, and low expressions of THAP9-AS1, MALAT1, TUG1, CAHM, FAM2011, NNT-AS1, COX10-AS1, and RPARP-AS1 were associated with low survival possibility in TN breast cancers. This study provides novel lncRNAs as potential biomarkers for the therapeutic and prognostic classification of different breast cancer subtypes.

scholarly journals Genome-wide discovery and characterization of long noncoding RNAs in patients with multiple myeloma

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minqiu Lu ◽  
Ying Hu ◽  
Yin Wu ◽  
Huixing Zhou ◽  
Yuan Jian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Coiled Coil ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Whole Transcriptome

Abstract Background Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in a wide range of biological processes in tumorigenesis. However, the role of lncRNA expression in the biology, prognosis, and molecular classification of human multiple myeloma (MM) remains unclear, especially the biological functions of the vast majority of lncRNAs. Recently, lncRNAs have been identified in neoplastic hematologic disorders. Evidence has accumulated on the molecular mechanisms of action of lncRNAs, providing insight into their functional roles in tumorigenesis. This study aimed to characterize potential lncRNAs in patients with MM. Methods In this study, the whole-transcriptome strand-specific RNA sequencing of samples from three newly diagnosed patients with MM was performed. The whole transcriptome, including lncRNAs, microRNAs, and mRNAs, was analyzed. Using these data, MM lncRNAs were systematically analyzed, and the lncRNAs involved in the occurrence of MM were identified. Results The results revealed that MM lncRNAs had distinctive characteristics different from those of other malignant tumors. Further, the functions of a set of lncRNAs preferentially expressed in MM were verified, and several lncRNAs were identified as competing endogenous RNAs. More importantly, the aberrant expression of certain lncRNAs, including maternally expressed gene3, colon cancer–associated transcript1, and coiled-coil domain-containing 26, as well as some novel lncRNAs involved in the occurrence of MM was established. Further, lncRNAs were related to some microRNAs, regulated each other, and participated in MM development. Conclusions Genome-wide screening and functional analysis enabled the identification of a set of lncRNAs involved in the occurrence of MM. The interaction exists among microRNAs and lncRNAs.

scholarly journals Long Noncoding RNAs and Messenger RNAs Expression Profiles Potentially Regulated by ZBTB7A in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Fei Liu ◽  
Jiazhang Wei ◽  
Yanrong Hao ◽  
Fengzhu Tang ◽  
Wei Jiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Messenger Rnas ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Different Levels

Our previous studies showed that ZBTB7A played an important role in promoting nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) progression. However, molecular mechanisms of different levels of ZBTB7A are still unclear. It is necessary to search molecular markers which are closely connected with ZBTB7A. We selected NPC sublines CNE2 with stably transfecting empty plasmid (negative control, NC) and short hair RNA (shRNA) plasmid targeting ZBTB7A as research objectives. Microarray was used to screen differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) via shRNA-CNE2 versus NC-CNE2. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to validate lncRNAs and mRNAs from the sublines, chronic rhinitis, and NPC tissues. Bioinformatics was used to analyze regulatory pathways which were connected with ZBTB7A. The 1501 lncRNAs (long noncoding RNAs) and 1275 differentially expressed mRNAs were upregulated or downregulated over 2-fold. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that the upregulated or downregulated carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms probably involved in carcinogenicity of shRNA-CNE2 (P-value cut-off was 0.05). In order to find the molecular mechanisms of ZBTB7A, we validated 12 differentially expressed lncRNAs and their nearby mRNAs by qPCR. Most of the differentially expressed mRNAs are closely connected with carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms in multiply cancers. Furthermore, part of them were validated in NPC and rhinitis tissues by qPCR. As a result, NR_047538, ENST00000442852, and fatty acid synthase (FASN) were closely associated with NPC. ZBTB7A had a positive association with NR_047538 and negative associations with ENST00000442852 and FASN. The results probably provide novel candidate biomarkers for NPC progression with different levels of ZBTB7A.

scholarly journals Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes and Long Noncoding RNAs Associated with Parkinson’s Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu-Mei Chi ◽  
Li-Ping Wang ◽  
Dan Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Gene Expression Omnibus ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Similar Treatment ◽  
Blood Samples

Objectives. This study aims to determine differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD) using a microarray. Methods. We downloaded the microarray data GSE6613 from the Gene Expression Omnibus, which included 105 samples. We selected 72 samples comprising 22 healthy control blood samples and 50 PD blood samples for further analysis. Later, we used Limma to screen DEGs and differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) and estimated their functions by the Gene Ontology (GO). Besides, the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network, including microRNAs, lncRNAs, and mRNAs, was constructed to elucidate the regulatory mechanism. Furthermore, we performed the KEGG pathway enrichment with mRNAs in the ceRNA regulatory network and constructed a final network, including pathways, mRNAs, microRNAs, and lncRNAs. Results. Overall, we obtained 394 DEGs, including 207 upregulated DEGs and 187 downregulated DEGs, and 7 DElncRNAs, including 2 upregulated DElncRNAs and 5 downregulated DElncRNAs. Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) was considerably enriched in the endocytosis pathway. In the ceRNA regulation network, IGF1R was the target of hsa-miR-133b and lncRNAs of XIST, and PART1 could also be the target of hsa-miR-133b. While the upregulated DEGs were enriched in the GO terms of the cytoskeleton, cytoskeletal part, and microtubule cytoskeleton, the downregulated DEGs were enriched in the immune response. PRKACA was markedly enriched in numerous pathways, including the MAPK and insulin signaling pathways. Conclusions. IGF1R, PRKACA, and lncRNA-XIST could be potentially involved in PD, and these diverse molecular mechanisms could support the development of the similar treatment for PD.

Long noncoding RNAs: new insights into non-small cell lung cancer biology, diagnosis and therapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Biagio Ricciuti ◽  
Clelia Mencaroni ◽  
Luca Paglialunga ◽  
Francesco Paciullo ◽  
Lucio Crinò ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy
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