scholarly journals Pravoslavni „rastanci” u Mulihovu Zrcalu pravednom (1742.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goranka Šutalo

The Separated Orthodox (rastanci) in Juraj Mulih’s Zrcalo pravedno [Righteous Mirror] (1742) Zrcalo pravedno (Zagreb, 1742) is a small catechism dealing with a controversial issue in which the Jesuit Juraj Mulih focused on the Orthodox Slavs (mainly Orthodox Grenzers who were predominantly Serbs) who arrived in the Habsburg Monarchy after the Great Migra­tion (1690), led by Patriarch Arsenius III. Crnojević. Mulih calls the Monarchy’s Orthodox rastanci (the Separated) but does not attach any negative attributes to the term. Therefore, it is closer to more neutral terms like grčkog zakona ljudi (people of Greek law) or simply hrišćani (Christians), which Mulih used already in the title of Zrcalo. However, as early as in the first doctrine, in which he writes about the Great Schism, Mulih uses the pejorative term schismatic Vlachs when talking about Orthodox believers. Despite occasional harsh criticism, Mulih was predominantly friendly towards the newly arrived Orthodox Christians, although he wrote extremely negatively about the Orthodox Greeks. The paper uses an imagological analytical method to define more clearly the confessional (Orthodox) otherness and, on the basis of this analysis, discover how religious (Catholic) identity formed in this context. Oddzieleni prawosławni („rastanci”) w Zrcalo pravedno (1742) Juraja Muliha Zrcalo pravedno (Zagrzeb, 1742) to niewielki katechizm polemiczny, w którym jezuita Juraj Mulih skupił się na kwestiach spornych wobec Słowian prawosławnych (zwłaszcza grenzerów, a więc w większości Serbów), przybyłych do monarchii habsburskiej wskutek Wielkiej Migracji (1690) patriarchy Arseniusza III Crnojevića. Mulih nazywa prawosław­nych w monarchii określeniem „rastanci” (oddzieleni), ale bez żadnych cech negatywnych. Bliżej mu do bardziej neutralnych terminów, takich jak: „grčkog zakona ljudi” (ludzie zakonu greckiego) lub po prostu „hrišćani” (chrześcijanie), które występują zresztą już w tytule jego dzieła. Niemniej w pierwszej części, poświęconej Wielkiej Schizmie, mówiąc o wyznawcach prawosławia, Mulih używa pejoratywnego określenia „Vlasi šizmatici” (schizmatycy Wołosi). Choć sporadycznie dopuszcza się ostrej krytyki, generalnie jest on przyjazny wobec nowo przybyłych chrześcijan prawosławnych, zaś negatywnie odnosi się do Greków. Autorka przy pomocy metody imagologicznej podejmuje próbę uchwycenia istoty odmienności wyznaniowej (prawosławnej) i tym samym sformułowania odpowiedzi na pytanie, w jaki sposób kształtuje się (katolicka) tożsamość religijna.

Author(s):  
John A. Trotter

Hemoglobin is the specific protein of red blood cells. Those cells in which hemoglobin synthesis is initiated are the earliest cells that can presently be considered to be committed to erythropoiesis. In order to identify such early cells electron microscopically, we have made use of the peroxidatic activity of hemoglobin by reacting the marrow of erythropoietically stimulated guinea pigs with diaminobenzidine (DAB). The reaction product appeared as a diffuse and amorphous electron opacity throughout the cytoplasm of reactive cells. The detection of small density increases of such a diffuse nature required an analytical method more sensitive and reliable than the visual examination of micrographs. A procedure was therefore devised for the evaluation of micrographs (negatives) with a densitometer (Weston Photographic Analyzer).


Author(s):  
P. Echlin ◽  
M. McKoon ◽  
E.S. Taylor ◽  
C.E. Thomas ◽  
K.L. Maloney ◽  
...  

Although sections of frozen salt solutions have been used as standards for x-ray microanalysis, such solutions are less useful when analysed in the bulk form. They are poor thermal and electrical conductors and severe phase separation occurs during the cooling process. Following a suggestion by Whitecross et al we have made up a series of salt solutions containing a small amount of graphite to improve the sample conductivity. In addition, we have incorporated a polymer to ensure the formation of microcrystalline ice and a consequent homogenity of salt dispersion within the frozen matrix. The mixtures have been used to standardize the analytical procedures applied to frozen hydrated bulk specimens based on the peak/background analytical method and to measure the absolute concentration of elements in developing roots.


Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Miyagi ◽  
T Fujise ◽  
N Koga ◽  
K Wada ◽  
M Yano ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Jianqi Li ◽  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Jianying Li

This paper presented a novel analytical method for calculating magnetic field in the slotted air gap of spoke-type permanent-magnet machines using conformal mapping. Firstly, flux density without slots and complex relative air-gap permeance of slotted air gap are derived from conformal transformation separately. Secondly, they are combined in order to obtain normalized flux density taking account into the slots effect. The finite element (FE) results confirmed the validity of the analytical method for predicting magnetic field and back electromotive force (BEMF) in the slotted air gap of spoke-type permanent-magnet machines. In comparison with FE result, the analytical solution yields higher peak value of cogging torque.


The Synergist ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert P. Streicher ◽  
Christopher M. Reh ◽  
Rosa Key-Schwartz ◽  
Paul C. Schlecht ◽  
Mary Ellen Cassinelli ◽  
...  
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