scholarly journals Stalinizm i rewolucja na uczelniach – odgórna demokratyzacja dostępu do edukacji wyższej 1947-1956 [Stalinism and Revolution in Universities: Democratization of Higher Education from Above, 1947–1956]

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Zysiak
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
School System ◽  
Social Background ◽  
The Other ◽  
University Education ◽  
Access To Higher Education ◽  
General Picture ◽  
The One ◽  
Admissions Process ◽  
Postwar Decade

Stalinism and Revolution in Universities: Democratization of Higher Education from Above, 1947–1956The first postwar decade in Poland saw a rebuilding of the whole country, including the school system and higher education. Higher education institutions were to mold a new intelligentsia, coming from a wider social background. Initial grassroots efforts to change the elite character of universities were eclipsed from 1947 by a reform introduced from above. On the one hand, the reform curtailed the autonomy of universities and increased censorship and political control; on the other hand, however, its aim was to make university education available on an unprecedented scale to people from the working and peasant classes. This article offers a survey of tools through which this “democratization” of access to higher education was implemented, such as a new admissions process, the induction year and preparatory courses. It also shows how these tools changed the students’ social backgrounds, albeit without permanently altering the general picture of higher education in Poland. Stalinizm i rewolucja na uczelniach – odgórna demokratyzacja dostępu do edukacji wyższej 1947–1956Pierwsza powojenna dekada to czas odbudowy całego kraju, w tym systemu edukacji, i reformy szkolnictwa wyższego. Uczelnie miały stać się miejscami budowy nowej inteligencji o egalitarnym pochodzeniu. Początkowo oddolne starania, by zmienić elitarny charakter uniwersytetów, od 1947 roku zostały zdominowane przez odgórną reformę edukacji. Z jednej strony oznaczała ona ograniczenie autonomii uczelni, zwiększenie cenzury i politycznej kontroli, z drugiej jednak miała na celu umożliwienie studiowania osobom z klasy robotniczej i chłopskiej na niespotykaną wcześniej skalę. Artykuł stanowi przegląd narzędzi „demokratyzacji” dostępu do szkolnictwa wyższego, takich jak nowy proces rekrutacji, rok wstępny i kursy przygotowawcze. Pokazuje także, jak zmieniły one społeczne pochodzenie studentów, a jednak nie zmieniły trwale oblicza szkolnictwa wyższego.

scholarly journals Bridging the gap: teaching and studying Ancient History and Classical Civilisation from school to university

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (35) ◽  
pp. 48-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penelope J. Goodman
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
The Other ◽  
University Education ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
New Material ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
The One

The difficulties which students can encounter when making the transition from school or college to university are widely recognised. In some ways, of course, starting university should bring new challenges. Higher education is so called because it takes learners beyond what they have done at school, exposing them to new material and new ideas, and helping them to grow and develop in new ways. But it is in the interests of the students themselves, their school teachers, their university tutors and society at large to help them progress as smoothly as possible from the one environment to the other. Bridging the gap successfully enables students to make the most of their university education, rather than floundering needlessly.

Engels in de Basisschool

1979 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 95-110
Author(s):  
J.A.M. Carpay
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
School System ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
The Other ◽  
School Subjects ◽  
The One ◽  
Near Future

Since the introduction of the "Mammoth", the law that has reorganized our secondary school system, every elementary school pupil gets some forro of higher education. On the one hand this has in a certain sense decreased the importance of the elementary school, which used to be all the formal education the majority of Dutchman received, but on the other hand the elementary school has gained in importance as nowadays it has to prepare students for an educational system, which before long will require pupils to spend nine to ten years at school. In spite of differences of openion as to what consequences this change might have, thereis aggerment on a certain number of points, among which the position thai one has to determine for each of the different school subjects, what subject or parts of subjects belong in the elementary school programme and which ones in secondary education. Among the new subjects that for different reasons stand a good chance of being introduced in the "new style" elementary school is the teaching of a first foreign language. The reason for this is that it is felt that in the near future every Dutchman will need communicative knowledge of at least one foreign language. As attaining this goal requires time, it has been proposed to distribute the time needed for learning a foreign language over elementary and secondary schools. The bill that will be introduced to Parlement later this year will contain a paragraph on English in the elementary school. This paper gives some arguments for and against the introduction of English in the elementary school.

From Scarcity to Abundance: Achieving Quality-Assured Mass Higher Education

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter P. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Secondary System ◽  
Mass Higher Education ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

The United States is in a bind. On the one hand, we need millions of additional citizens with at least one year of successful post-secondary experience to adapt to the knowledge economy. Both the Gates and Lumina Foundations, and our President, have championed this goal in different ways. On the other hand, we have a post-secondary system that is trapped between rising costs and stagnant effectiveness, seemingly unable to respond effectively to this challenge. This paper analyzes several aspects of this problem, describes changes in the society that create the basis for solutions, and offers several examples from Kaplan University of emerging practice that suggests what good practice might look like in a world where quality-assured mass higher education is the norm.

Tolerance and Control. Developing a language policy for an EMI university in Uzbekistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-237
Author(s):  
Andrew Linn ◽  
Anastasiya Bezborodova ◽  
Saida Radjabzade
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Language Policy ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Language Ecology ◽  
English Only ◽  
English Medium Instruction ◽  
The One ◽  
And Control

AbstractThis article presents a practical project to develop a language policy for an English-Medium-Instruction university in Uzbekistan. Although the university is de facto English-only, it presents a complex language ecology, which in turn has led to confusion and disagreement about language use on campus. The project team investigated the experience, views and attitudes of over a thousand people, including faculty, students, administrative and maintenance staff, in order to arrive at a proposed policy which would serve the whole community, based on the principle of tolerance and pragmatism. After outlining the relevant language and educational context and setting out the methods and approach of the underpinning research project, the article goes on to present the key findings. One of the striking findings was an appetite for control and regulation of language behaviours. Language policies in Higher Education invariably fall down at the implementation stage because of a lack of will to follow through on their principles and their specific guidelines. Language policy in international business on the other hand is characterised by a control stage invariably lacking in language planning in education. Uzbekistan is a polity used to control measures following from policy implementation. The article concludes by suggesting that Higher Education in Central Asia may stand a better chance of seeing through language policies around English-Medium Instruction than, for example, in northern Europe, based on the tension between tolerance on the one hand and control on the other.

scholarly journals Internacionalización del currículo universitario virtual en el contexto de la globalización

Telos ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 754-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Valdés Montecinos
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Interdisciplinary Studies ◽  
Virtual Education ◽  
University Education ◽  
Virtual University ◽  
The Face ◽  
The One ◽  
Comprehensive Internationalization

Year after year the number of students in higher education increases worldwide, and particularly in the virtual mode. In the face of this reality, a series of phenomena combine that have driven university institutions to reinvent themselves. The objective of this work is to analyze the influence of globalization and internationalization on the curriculum of university education, with particular emphasis on Latin American virtual education. The methodology used is the review of both literature specialized in the subject and official documents of the agencies involved. The results reveal that: 1) multilateral agencies have been made efforts to establish two-way academic partnership and cooperation agreements, on the one hand, to promote the mobility of students and teachers, as well as the realization of joint projects; on the other hand, to promote the processes of quality control and internationalization of the curriculum. 2) Regarding virtual education in the region, the need to ensure and demonstrate the quality of its programs has been set, with the Latin American and Caribbean Institute of Quality in Distance Higher Education (CALED) being one of the main references regarding guidelines and instruments for evaluation and advice to universities on quality assessment and accreditation processes. It is concluded that the internationalization of the curriculum in virtual university education in Latin America faces the challenge of taking the step towards comprehensive internationalization, that is, the one that comprehensively impacts the curriculum from a conceptual and cultural structure including interdisciplinary studies and multiculturalism.

scholarly journals O movimento do acesso ao ensino superior em Portugal de 1960 a 2017: Uma análise ecológica

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Leanete Thomas Dotta ◽  
Amélia Lopes ◽  
Carlinda Leite
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Ecological Perspective ◽  
Economic Sector ◽  
Access To Higher Education ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One ◽  
Access Policies ◽  
Over Time

Globally, the expansion of investments in the field of higher education, which stems from both the demands of the economic sector and the growing appreciation of the social dimension of knowledge, implies mobilization within the scope of access to this level of education. If, on the one hand, access policies play a central role, on the other hand, the interactions of individuals in the different environments of which they are part cannot be disregarded. The aim of this paper, from a socio-ecological perspective, was to analyse the movements of access to higher education in Portugal from 1960 to 2017. The interpretation of data on access and legislation on higher education in that period, in relation to the literature review outcomes, made it possible to identify moments of expansion and retraction of access to higher education in Portugal. It was at the confluence of a set of more or less favorable factors that the distinct movements of access originated over time. This confluence of factors led individuals to shape and reshape their aspirations concerning their entry to higher education. 

THE HISTORY OF PREPARING QUALIFIED LAWYERS IN UZBEKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Ilyos A. Kholboyev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Archival Data ◽  
Soviet Power ◽  
Higher Education Institution ◽  
General Picture ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Ruling Party

The article discusses the introduction of the process of training lawyers with higher education in Uzbekistan by the Soviet authorities. For the establishment and development of Soviet power in the country, as in other areas, the training of lawyers becamea necessity. Initial attempts to train lawyers, problems in the organization of the educational process and the general picture of the higher education institution were covered on the basis of available archival data. The policy of the Sovietstate on thetraining of lawyers was analyzed on the example of the first higher education institution in the country. The article also discusses the one-sided policy pursued by the ruling party in the training of lawyers, the establishment of political criteria for the admission of students and its consequences

The exceptional and the ordinary

2018 ◽  
pp. 73-106
Author(s):  
Thomas Docherty
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Normative Belief ◽  
University Education ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Mass Higher Education ◽  
The People ◽  
The University

The contemporary institution fails to understand the real meaning of ‘mass higher education’. A mass higher education should address the concerns of those masses of ‘ordinary people’ who, for whatever reasons, do not attend a university. Instead, the contemporary sector simply admits more individuals from lower social and economic classes. Behind this is a deep suspicion of the intellectual whose knowledge marks them out as intrinsically elitist and not ‘of the people’. An intellectual concerned about everyday life is now seen as suspicious, given the normative belief that a university education is about individual competitive self-advancement. This intellectual is now an enemy of ‘the people’, and incipiently one who might even be regarded as criminal in dissenting from conformity with social norms of neoliberalism. There is a history to this, dating from 1945; and it sets up a contest between two version of the university: one sees it as a centre of humane and liberal values, the other as the site for the production of individuals who conform to and individually benefit from neoliberal greed. The genuine exception is the intellectual who dissents; but dissent itself is now seen as potentially criminal.

The Need for Separating University Management and Administration from Service Delivery

2016 ◽  
pp. 365-382
Author(s):  
Jonathan Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
University Education ◽  
Access To Higher Education ◽  
University Management ◽  
Teaching And Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Best Value ◽  
Economic Climate ◽  
Energy Companies

This chapter looks at how suitable the current equality policies of Wales's universities are to compete in the current economic climate and the changes needed to deliver best value to people with disabilities and all other taxpayers. The chapter makes the finding that universities are too bloated, by carrying out functions, which in Wales could be better handled by the public sector that is under direct control of the Welsh Government's education minister. This would involve learning from how the telecoms and energy companies work UK wide, so that HEFCfW becomes an infrastructure provider, Estyn would become responsible for ensuring the equality of access to higher education and ensuring the standards of university education. Universities would thus consist mainly of teaching and research staff, optimising how they use the infrastructure to attract the most students to their degrees, which are homogenised. The chapter makes clear, however, that whilst this policy would likely work in Wales, it would be unlikely to in England, perhaps allowing “clear red water” between governments.

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