scholarly journals Studies on the moss flora of the Bío-Bío region of Chile

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert R. Ireland ◽  
Gilda Bellolio ◽  
Roberto Rodríguez ◽  
Juan Larraín
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
New Records ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
South Central ◽  
Made In

An extensive study was made on the moss flora of the Bío-Bío Region (VIII Región) in south-central Chile in 2001-2003. Collections were made in all four provinces of the region: Arauco, Bío-Bío, Concepción and Ñuble. Approximately 265 localities in the region were explored with over 6,000 mosses collected in the four provinces. The mosses of this region had not previously been studied to any great extent and with part of the region’s environment being destroyed by the construction of several dams on one of the major rivers, the Bío-Bío, the study of this area seemed of utmost importance. Thus far, a total of 20 taxa were found which are new to Chile, making a total of 877 known for the country, with four new taxa known for South America. An additional 87 taxa are reported new only to the Bío-Bío Region. That number, together with some new records from the recent literature, increases the total for the Region from 190 to 300. It was determined from the 87 new taxa for the Bío-Bío Region that the majority (41) represent northern extensions of taxa, while a much smaller number (10) represent southern extensions. The remainder (36) fill in a gap in the distribution of the taxa between the northern and southern parts of the country. Many difficult species still remain to be identified and the number of species new to science, to Chile and to the Bío-Bío Region, is certain to increase when the remaining specimens are identified.

Quest for the Origins and Implications for Social Rights of the Mapuche in the Southern Cone of South America

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom D. Dillehay ◽  
Francisco Rothhammer
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Southern Cone ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Indigenous Status ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
High Profile ◽  
South Central ◽  
Indigenous Groups ◽  
First Time

Debates over the cultural and biological origins of some indigenous groups in the Americas have fueled discussions about cultural identity, political justice, and resource rights. A historically high-profile case of rights and origins has involved the Araucanians or Mapuche of the southern cone of South America. This article examines, for the first time, the recent interdisciplinary archaeological and other anthropological evidence for the Mapuche of Chile and Argentina. It suggests that the ethnic and territorial origin of the Mapuche is in central and south-central Chile, although biological and cultural influences from north Chile and western Argentina also are present. It briefly discusses the implication of this study in relation to the indigenous status of the Mapuche in present-day Chile and Argentina.

scholarly journals Marine terraces of the last interglacial period along the Pacific coast of South America (1° N–40° S)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2487-2513
Author(s):  
Roland Freisleben ◽  
Julius Jara-Muñoz ◽  
Daniel Melnick ◽  
José Miguel Martínez ◽  
Manfred R. Strecker
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Short Wavelength ◽  
Tidal Range ◽  
Uplift Rate ◽  
Last Interglacial ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
South Central ◽  
Marine Terraces

Abstract. Tectonically active coasts are dynamic environments characterized by the presence of multiple marine terraces formed by the combined effects of wave erosion, tectonic uplift, and sea-level oscillations at glacial-cycle timescales. Well-preserved erosional terraces from the last interglacial sea-level highstand are ideal marker horizons for reconstructing past sea-level positions and calculating vertical displacement rates. We carried out an almost continuous mapping of the last interglacial marine terrace along ∼ 5000 km of the western coast of South America between 1∘ N and 40∘ S. We used quantitatively replicable approaches constrained by published terrace-age estimates to ultimately compare elevations and patterns of uplifted terraces with tectonic and climatic parameters in order to evaluate the controlling mechanisms for the formation and preservation of marine terraces and crustal deformation. Uncertainties were estimated on the basis of measurement errors and the distance from referencing points. Overall, our results indicate a median elevation of 30.1 m, which would imply a median uplift rate of 0.22 m kyr−1 averaged over the past ∼ 125 kyr. The patterns of terrace elevation and uplift rate display high-amplitude (∼ 100–200 m) and long-wavelength (∼ 102 km) structures at the Manta Peninsula (Ecuador), the San Juan de Marcona area (central Peru), and the Arauco Peninsula (south-central Chile). Medium-wavelength structures occur at the Mejillones Peninsula and Topocalma in Chile, while short-wavelength (< 10 km) features are for instance located near Los Vilos, Valparaíso, and Carranza, Chile. We interpret the long-wavelength deformation to be controlled by deep-seated processes at the plate interface such as the subduction of major bathymetric anomalies like the Nazca and Carnegie ridges. In contrast, short-wavelength deformation may be primarily controlled by sources in the upper plate such as crustal faulting, which, however, may also be associated with the subduction of topographically less pronounced bathymetric anomalies. Latitudinal differences in climate additionally control the formation and preservation of marine terraces. Based on our synopsis we propose that increasing wave height and tidal range result in enhanced erosion and morphologically well-defined marine terraces in south-central Chile. Our study emphasizes the importance of using systematic measurements and uniform, quantitative methodologies to characterize and correctly interpret marine terraces at regional scales, especially if they are used to unravel the tectonic and climatic forcing mechanisms of their formation. This database is an integral part of the World Atlas of Last Interglacial Shorelines (WALIS), published online at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4309748 (Freisleben et al., 2020).

Contribution of S.N. Myartseva to the knowledge of Mexican Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera)

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 406-431
Author(s):  
A.I. Khalaim ◽  
E. Ruíz-Cancino ◽  
J.M. Coronado-Blanco
Keyword(s):  
New Taxa ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Complete List ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Valuable Contribution ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The Family

Svetlana N. Myartseva started her extensive study of Mexican Chalcidoidea in 1998 as a professor of the Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas in Ciudad Victoria, Mexico. From 2000 to 2016 she published four monographs, 15 book chapters and 91 journal articles on taxonomy, fauna and biology of Mexican Chalcidoidea. She described one new genus and 140 species belonging to five families: Aphelinidae (117 species in 10 genera), Encyrtidae (15 species in 6 genera), Eulophidae (5 species in 2 genera), Eupelmidae (1species) and Trichogrammatidae (1 species). The most valuable contribution by S.N. Myartseva was to the knowledge of the family Aphelinidae and its largest genus Encarsia Förster. As results of her investigations, the number of species in this genus in the Mexican fauna was increased from 30 in 2000 to 112 in 2016; 70 species were described by S.N. Myartseva as new. Currently, 14 genera and 214 species of Aphelinidae (1 genus and 117 species from 10 genera were described as new) are known to occur in Mexico which is almost three times more species than were known in 2000. A complete list of new taxa of Chalcidoidea described by S.N. Myartseva from Mexico and all her publications on Mexican Chalcidoidea are provided.

Caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from Maranhão State, Northeast Region, Brazil: A new species, checklist, and new geographical records

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4221 (2) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
GLEISON ROBSON DESIDÉRIO ◽  
PATRIK BARCELOS-SILVA ◽  
WAGNER RAFAEL M. DE SOUZA ◽  
ANA MARIA PES ◽  
CARLOS AUGUSTO S. DE AZEVÊDO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeast Region ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Species Checklist ◽  
First Time ◽  
One New Species ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Made In

In order to improve knowledge of Trichoptera diversity in Northeast Region, Brazil, we present here the first checklist of caddisflies from Maranhão State with a description of a new species and geographical records for the Northeast Region and for all of Brazil. Collections were made in 16 sites distributed in three municipalities of Maranhão State. A total of 54 caddisflies species, 26 genera and 10 families were recorded, including one new species of Leptoceridae, Triplectides maranhensis sp. nov., which is described and illustrated. All species listed here are recorded for the first time for the state, 23 of which are new records for the Northeast Region, as well as five new species for Brazil. These results increase the number of species reported from the Northeast Region from 167 to 221. 

Description of a new Coronium s.l. (Gastropoda: Muricidae: Trophoninae) from south-central Chile and a brief survey of the genus Coronium Simone, 1996

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2346 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
ROLAND HOUART ◽  
JAVIER SELLANES
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
South Central ◽  
Recent Species

The genus Coronium Simone, 1996 currently includes five Recent species: C. acanthodes (Watson, 1882), the type species C. coronatum (Penna-Neme and Leme, 1978), C. wilhelmense (Ramírez-Bohme, 1981), C. oblongum Simone, 1996 and C. elegans Simone, 1996. All are known to live off South America, from Brazil to Chile. Simone (1996) included three species in Coronium (C. coronatum, C. oblongum and C. elegans). He also illustrated drawings of the protoconchs, opercula, radula and details of the animal. Although C. acanthodes was originally included in Trophon (Watson, 1882) and C. coronatum in Columbarium (Penna-Neme and Leme, 1978), the species are undoubtedly close to each other and belong to a common muricid genus as demonstrated by Pastorino & Penchaszadeh (2009). To our knowledge there are no fossil taxa known. With the exception of C. wilhelmense described from Chiloé Island, at 41°51'4" S, 74°30'5", included in Coronium by Houart & Sellanes (2006) and of C. acanthodes described from West Patagonia, at 50°8'30"S, 74°'4 W, no other species of Coronium are known to be living off Chile.

scholarly journals The Trichopterygini (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) of Austral South America: description of new species from Chile

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 832 ◽  
pp. 91-111
Author(s):  
Mario I. Ramos-González ◽  
Carlos Zamora-Manzur ◽  
Dania Saladrigas Menés ◽  
Luis E. Parra
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Wing Venation ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
South Central

Four new species belonging to the generaHoplosaurisButler,ButlerianaParra,WarrenariaParra, andFueguinaParra from south-central Chile are described. The species areH.morenoiRamos-González &amp; Parra,sp. n.,B.phoenixRamos-González &amp; Parra,sp. n.,W.oncaRamos-González &amp; Parra,sp. n., andF.araucanaRamos-González &amp; Parra,sp. n.The genusAlobaWarren is reassigned to tribe Trichopterygini andA.carolinaeRamos-González &amp; Parra,sp. n.is described. Comparative diagnosis for all new species are provided, and illustrations of genitalia and the wing venation of the males for all new described species are given.

scholarly journals Parasite community of a temporal notothen fish from intertidal rocky pools in south-central Chile: Is it similar to other fish from the same habitat?

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Muñoz ◽  
Francisco Vildoso ◽  
Mario George-Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
Rocky Intertidal ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Parasite Richness ◽  
South Central ◽  
Antarctic Waters ◽  
Similarity Indices ◽  
Intertidal Pools ◽  
Anisakid Nematodes

Notothen fishes (Nototheniidae) have been recorded on the coasts of South America, from 35°S to southern. Little is known about the biology of intertidal notothen fishes or their relationships with other species, including parasites. Here, we analyzed the parasitic fauna of a species of Notothenia collected from the rocky intertidal of Lebu, south-central Chile (36°S) and compared the parasite community of this host with other 9 fish species commonly found in rocky intertidal pools. Among the tested species, Notothenia sp. had the highest parasite richness (21 parasitic taxa vs. 1 to 9 parasitic taxa). The composition of parasite species was different among fishes, with similarity indices between 0 and 33%. The parasite composition of Notothenia sp. was most similar to Calliclinus geniguttatus (27%). The most abundant and prevalent parasites found in Notothenia sp. were the copepod Caligus cf. cheilodactyli, Tetraphyllidea larvae, anisakid nematodes, and several acanthocephalan species, which are typical of other fish from the subtidal and bento-demersal zones. Therefore, we conclude that the juveniles of Notothenia sp. were a few months old and had their parasites when reaching the intertidal zone, acquired some generalist parasites during their stay in this habitat, such as Holobomolochus chilensis and Lecithaster macrocotyle. Most notothen fishes are from Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic waters, therefore, it is possible that this fish came from another habitat but also from the austral region of South America. Notothenia sp. could not be specifically identified because of different results between morphological and genetic analyses.

Stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) from Brazilian Amazon: checklist and new records

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4425 (3) ◽  
pp. 401 ◽  
Author(s):  
VALERIA JULIETE DA SILVA ◽  
CLEVERSON RANNIERI MEIRA DOS SANTOS ◽  
JOSE ANTONIO MARIN FERNANDES
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
South America ◽  
Data Base ◽  
New Records ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Podisus Maculiventris ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
First Time

A list of the stink bugs (Pentatomidae) species of the Brazilian Amazon is provided for the first time, based on literature review and identification of the specimens of Pentatomidae deposited in the entomological collection of the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG). Amazonian data base presented here has 324 species of Pentatomidae belonging to 102 genera, ten tribes and five subfamilies: Asopinae, Cyrtocorinae, Discocephalinae, Edessinae and Pentatominae. The Pentatominae has the largest number of species registered to Brazilian Amazon (144 species). The MPEG entomological collection has 122 species distributed in 53 genera, nine tribes and five subfamilies. Forty species from eight tribes and four subfamilies are recorded for the first time to Brazilian Amazon, including species from Podisus Herrich-Schäffer (Asopinae); Adoxoplatys Breddin, Macropygium Spinola, Neoadoxoplatys Kormilev, Ochlerus Spinola and Platycarenus Fieber (Discocephalinae); Edessa Fabricius (Edessinae); Arocera Spinola, Arvelius Spinola, Banasa Stål, Dichelops Spinola, Euschistus Dallas, Mormidea Amyot & Serville, Oebalus Stål, Pellaea Stål, Piezodorus Fieber, Proxys Spinola and Thyanta Stål (Pentatominae). Three of these species–Podisus maculiventris (Say, 1831) Neoadoxoplatys saileri Kormilev, 1956 and Edessa laticornis Stål, 1872—are new records to South America. The number of species of Pentatomidae to Brazilian Amazon represents approximately 50% of the species registered to Brazil. Such list of species is important to better understand the distributional range and diversity of the species of Pentatomidae in the Amazon region. 

Description of the male, redescription of the female and new records of Odo patricius Simon, 1900 (Araneae: Zoridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3527 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
ANDRES TAUCARE-RIOS ◽  
ANTONIO D. BRESCOVIT
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
New Material ◽  
America South

The family Zoridae (F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1893) is currently represented by 14 genera and 79 species distributed worldwide (Platnick, 2012), of which only the genera Xenoctenus Mello-Leitão, 1938 and Odo Keyserling, 1887 are present in Americas. Xenoctenus is represented by four species, all endemic to Argentina, while Odo has, so far, a total of 27 species distributed in Central America, South America, West Indies and Australia (Platnick, 2012). The type species of Odo is O. lenis Keyserling, 1887, a specimen female described from Nicaragua. The genus Odo has never been revised and given its wide distribution and number of species, it is probably a polyphyletic genus and a complete revision is required. Also, no new material of O. lenis or O. patricius has been described since 1900.

scholarly journals Additions of host associations and new records of bat ectoparasites of the families Spinturnicidae, Nycteribiidae and Streblidae from Honduras

Check List ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-469
Author(s):  
Gustavo Graciolli ◽  
Hefer D. Ávila-Palma ◽  
Eduardo J. Ordoñez Trejo ◽  
José A. Soler-Orellana ◽  
Diego I. Ordoñez-Mazier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
New Records ◽  
Species Number ◽  
The Third ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Current Species ◽  
Host Associations

We captured mormoopids, phyllostomids, and vespertilionids in Honduras to collect bat ectoparasites. Two species of Spinturnicidae (Acari) are the first reports of this family in Honduras. One species of Basilia Miranda Ribeiro, 1903, and four of Streblidae are recorded for the first time in Honduras. With these results, the current species number of each family for Honduras are two species of Spinturnicidae, three of Nycteribiidae, and 48 of Streblidae. We compared the number of species of Streblidae and bats in Honduras to highly sampled countries in Central and South America. Clearly, more effort is still needed in Honduras, although this is the third attempt to study the bat ectoparasites in Honduras.

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