scholarly journals Moosgesellschaften auf Baumfarnstämmen in Südostbrasilien

2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-178
Author(s):  
Jasmine Ahmed ◽  
Jan-Peter Frahm
Keyword(s):  
Life Form ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Cloud Forests ◽  
Tree Ferns ◽  
Se Brazil

The floristic composition of epiphytic bryophytes on trunks of the tree ferns species Cyathea arborea and Dicksonia sellowiana was studied in SE-Brazil. A total of 142 bryophyte species were found, of which 20 were found in more than 10% of the vegetation analyses, 77 species occurred only one to three times.Five new bryophyte associations are described in two new classes: the Syrrhopodetum proliferi, Porotricho-Syrrhopodetum incompleti and Orthostichello-Syrrhopodetum parasitici within the Hymenodontetalia aeruginosae, which is almost confined to Caythea arborea. They prefer humid habitats in coastal rain forests and cloud forests. The Campylopodetum extincti and Campylopodetum occculti are united within the class Syrrhopodetalia gaudichaudii. They grow on Dicksonia sellowiana and occur within Araucaria forests.The predominant life form in both classes are wefts and mats. The characteristic life forms of the Hymenodontetalia are short turfs, dendroids, fans and tails, which are an expression of the humid habitat conditions, but short and tall turfs in the Syrrhopodetalia.

scholarly journals Floristic diversity of beech, fir and spruce forest (Piceo-Fago-Abietetum Colic 1965) in the „Tara“ national park

2010 ◽  
pp. 129-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rade Cvjeticanin ◽  
Marijana Novakovic
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
National Park ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
Floristic Elements ◽  
Floristic Element

This paper deals with the forest plant community of beech, fir and spruce (Piceo-Fago-Abietetum Colic 1965), which is the most widely distributed plant community on the territory of national park ?Tara?. Spectrum of life forms and floristic elements are specified for this community. Spectrum of life forms shows that hemicryptophytes are the most frequent, with high occurrence of geophytes, which is characteristic of this mesophilous plant community. Spectrum of floristic elements show that centraleuropean floristic element is dominant and that this plant community is under strong influence of subcentraleuropean region. Five subassociations are set apart on the basis of floristic composition and site conditions: typicum, drymetosum, aceretosum, pinetosum silvestrae and vaccinietosum. Spectrum of life forms is made for every subassociation separately in aim to compare their floristic compositions. Subassociations aceretosum and vaccinietosum are characterized by the highest occurence of phanerophytes, and the lowest occurence of this life form is represented in subassociation drymetosum. The highest occurence of geophytes is in subassociation aceretosum, and the lowest in pinetosum silvestrae and vaccinietosum. Occurence of hemicryptophytes is the highest in subassociations drymetosum and pinetosum silvestrae, and the lowest in aceretosum. Subassociation typicum is stable plant community, subassociations drymetosum and vaccinietosum grow on poorer sites, while subassociations aceretosum and pinetosum silvestrae represent degradation of beech, fir and spruce forest (Piceo-Fago-Abietetum Colic 1965).

scholarly journals Life-forms, pollination and seed dispersal syndromes in plant communities on ironstone outcrops, SE Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Maria Jacobi ◽  
Flávio Fonseca do Carmo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Pollination Syndrome ◽  
Rock Outcrops ◽  
Dispersal Syndromes ◽  
Se Brazil ◽  
Seed Dispersal Syndromes ◽  
Forest Islands

Rock outcrops play an important role in enhancing plant diversity in montane ecosystems. Ironstone outcrops (cangas) are among the lithotypes less known and most threatened in SE Brazil, due to mining activities. Besides species composition, a key feature to promote their conservation and restoration is the knowledge of the community prevalent life-forms, pollination and seed dispersal syndromes. The analyses were done based on published floristic surveys of cangas in SE Brazil. A total of 353 species of angiosperms (70 families) were assigned to one of the two predominant physiognomies (open areas and forest islands) on ironstone outcrops. Sixteen families responded for 70% of all species. Compared to Raunkiaer's spectrum, phanerophytes were over- and therophytes were under-represented. Phanerophytes were the predominant life-form in forest islands, while hemicryptophytes were outstanding in open areas. Entomophily was the dominant pollination syndrome in both habitats. Zoochory was dominant in forest islands and ranked last in open areas, where anemochory and autochory prevailed. Considering that both forest islands and open areas are subjected to the same climatic conditions, the results corroborate the influence of geoedaphic components in the three traits analysed.

scholarly journals A floristic study on herbs and climbing plants at Puducherry, South India: an approach to biodiversity conservation and regeneration through eco-restoration

Check List ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Ponnuchamy ◽  
Arunachalam Pragasam ◽  
Soupramanien Aravajy ◽  
Prakash Patel ◽  
Lipi Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South India ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Coastal Vegetation ◽  
Climbing Plants

A qualitative floristic exploration with life form classifications and monitoring of flowering and fruiting phenology has been carried out at a restored site near Puducherry, South India in 2009 and 2010. The species were classified into three categories based on their occurrence status, namely, Naturally Occurring, Naturally Regenerated and Introduced. The present study focuses only on two life forms, the Herbaceous and the Climbing plants. The site selected for eco-restoration originally comprised of an eroded and severely degraded landscape with scattered remnant species. However, active human intervention over a thirty year period included the introduction of appropriate plant species and other physical measures to enhance soil fertility and ground water level, and regenerate and conserve the deteriorating typical Tropical dry evergreen forest (TDEF) vegetation. A large number of naturally ccurring herbaceous, climbing species (172) and a consistent number of naturally regenerated species (44) are now observed as a result of eco-restoration. Lowland herbaceous species have also established themselves as a green cover at ground level. At present, parts of the area have fertile soils and rich floristic composition with the herbaceous life form represented by 165 species encompassed in 105 genera and 37 families, and the climbing plants represented by 68 species belonging to 54 genera and 25 families. ‘Genus to family’ and ‘species to genus’ ratios indicate the establishment of diverse vegetation in the study site. Nearly one third of the species have been observed flowering throughout the year and about half of the species were observed fruiting throughout the year. We emphasize that the two fold approach of land and vegetation reclamation has been very effective in helping restore the unique TDEF vegetation at the local level and the same may be extended to help regenerate and conserve the Coromandel Coastal vegetation at the regional scale.

scholarly journals Composição florística da regeneração de um trecho de savana na Amazônia Oriental

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2777
Author(s):  
Ana Caroline De Souza Campos ◽  
Mário Augusto Gonçalves Jardim
Keyword(s):  
Life Form ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
First Record ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Arithmetic Mean ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Extensive Degradation ◽  
The City ◽  
Traditional Communities

O objetivo da pesquisa foi conhecer a composição florística da regeneração natural de um trecho de savana amazônica no estado do Pará. O estudo foi realizado em uma savana na localidade de Itapuá, município de Vigia de Nazaré, Pará a 93 km da cidade de Belém. A coleta de dados ocorreu mensalmente no período de setembro de 2019 a fevereiro de 2020 em 80 subparcelas de 1 x 1m alocadas aleatoriamente correspondente a 480 subparcelas em um total de 480 m2. Em cada subparcela foram identificadas e quantificadas todas as espécies com altura ≤ 1 m. A identificação botânica in loco foi realizada por um parabotânico do Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi (MPEG. A organização das famílias foi de acordo com APG IV e caracterizada em família, gênero, espécie e forma de vida e calculada a média aritmética e desvio padrão com auxílio do Programa Bioestat 5.0. Foram registradas 36 famílias, 73 gêneros e 99 espécies. Fabaceae (14), Poaceae (13), Cyperaceae (9), Myrtaceae (7) e Dilleniaceae (6) foram representativas em número de espécies. Paspalum registrou o maior número de espécies (5) seguido por Chamaecrista, Myrcia  e Scleria (4) e Axonopus, Borreria, Byrsonima, Davilla, Doliocarpus, Eriosema, Eugenia, Miconia, Ouratea, Polygala e Rhynchospora (2). A forma de vida dominante foi de Erva com 40 espécies, Arbusto (21) e Árvore (20). A savana de Itapuá apresentou riqueza de 99 espécies, 36 famílias e 73 gêneros estando acima que outras savanas amazônicas cujas espécies estiveram distribuídas nas famílias Fabaceae, Poaceae e Cyperaceae. O gênero Paspalum com o maior número de espécies juntamente com outras caracterizou a forma herbácea como a dominante. Este foi o primeiro registro de espécies regenerantes e suas formas de vida em uma savana amazônica. Com base nesses conhecimentos, outras iniciativas devem ser buscadas para outras manchas de savanas visando mostrar a importância da conservação destes ambientes que ultimamente vem sofrendo ampla degradação na Amazônia.  Floristic composition of the regeneration of a stretch of savanna in the Eastern Amazon A B S T R A C TThe savannas are Amazonian and represent an ecological potential for use in several aspects, especially for traditional communities, however, they are suffering forest, environmental and human losses.The objective of the research was to know the floristic composition of the natural regeneration of a stretch of Amazonian savanna in the state of Pará. The study was carried out in the savanna of Itapuá, municipality of Vigia de Nazaré, Pará wich 93 km from the city of Belém. Data collection occurred monthly from September 2019 to February 2020 in 80 1 x 1m subplots randomly allocated corresponding to 480 subplots and a total of 480 m2. In each subplot, all species with height ≤ 1 m were identified and quantified. The botanical identification in loco was carried out by a parabotan from the Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi (MPEG. The organization of the families was in accordance with APG IV and characterized in family, genera, species and way of life and calculated the arithmetic mean and standard deviation for families and life forms with the aid of the Bioestat 5.0 Program, 36 families, 73 genera and 99 species were registered, Fabaceae (14), Poaceae (13), Cyperaceae (9), Myrtaceae (7) and Dilleniaceae (6) were representative in number of Paspalum registered the largest number of species (5) followed by Chamaecrista, Myrcia and Scleria (4) and Axonopus, Borreria, Byrsonima, Davilla, Doliocarpus, Eriosema, Eugenia, Miconia, Ouratea, Polygala and Rhynchospora (2). Dominant life form was Herb with 40 species, Shrub (21) and Tree (20). It was concluded that the Itapuá savanna presented a richness of 99 species in comparison to other Amazonian savannas distributed in the Fabaceae, Poaceae and Cyperaceae families. Paspa lum with the largest number of species together with others characterized the herbaceous form as the dominant one. This was the first record of regenerating species and their life forms in an Amazonian savanna. Based on this knowledge, other initiatives should be sought for other savanna patches in order to show the importance of conserving these environments, which lately has been undergoing extensive degradation in the Amazon.Keywords: Lower stratum; way of life; conservation.

scholarly journals Floristic Composition and Biological Spectrum of Hazarnoe Forest of District Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

2017 ◽  
pp. 29-44
Author(s):  
ASGHAR KHAN
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Growth Form ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Size Spectrum ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Biological Spectrum

The plant species of Hazarnoe Forest of District Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, were evaluated floristically from April 2016 to November 2017. Of the total 240 reported plant species, 38 were monocots, 196 dicots which belongs to 85 families and 188 genera respectively. Poaceae was the leading family contributed 20 species. Family Asteraceae contributed (14 spp.), Lamiaceae (13 spp.) while Papilionaceae and Solanaceae each with 10 species. Of the total plant taxa perennials were 161 species compared to annuals (73 spp.) and biennials (06 spp.). The dominant growth form was herbs that contributed (108 spp.) followed by trees (50spp.) and shrubs (45 spp.) respectively. Phanerophytes were the dominant life-form (92 spp.) whereas leaf size spectrum of microphyll was reported as abundant in the overall floristic. Phanerophytes and microphyll leaf size was the dominant life forms which show typical climate of subtropical region governing the area. Conclusion of study was that the vegetation of the area is under heavy biotic pressure and need proper conservation.

scholarly journals Polyvariation of the development Scutellaria L. species and the structure of their populations in Siberia

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 00010
Author(s):  
Alexandra Guseva ◽  
Vera Cheryomushkina
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Projective Cover ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Seed Reproduction ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Ontogenetic Structure

Structure of coenopopulations and polyvariance of the development of species of the genus Scutellaria in Siberia were described. Species of the genus are semi-wood and grassy life forms. The formation of different life forms is confined to specific habitats. In a number of species (S. galericulata, S. grandiflora и S. supina), the life form is changing. Dimensional polyvariance of individuals of S. scordiifolia in different habitats was found. The ontogenetic structure of coenopopulations is diverse; 3 types of spectrum are formed: left-sided, centered, and right-hand. In individuals of S. supina and S. tuvensis, the duration of ontogenesis and the duration of individual ontogenetic conditions are influenced by living conditions. The polyvariance of selfmaintenance was revealed in S. supina, the transition from completely seed self-maintenance to mixed − seed reproduction in combination with vegetative. The spatial structure and density of coenopopulations vary depending on the habitat conditions. The spatial structure of the studied species is also determined by the peculiarities of self-maintenance of coenopopulations. The change in density is also associated with the mobility of the substrate on steep, rocky mountain slopes in vegetatively stationary species and with projective cover in vegetatively mobile ones.

scholarly journals Floristic Diversity of Riparian Plants in Aswan Reservoir at the Extreme South of the River Nile, Upper Egypt: A Closed Ecological System

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-609
Author(s):  
Mohamed O. Badry ◽  
Tarek A. A. Radwan ◽  
Fatma A. A. Ayed ◽  
Mohamed G. Sheded
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
River Nile ◽  
Mediterranean Species ◽  
Riparian Plants ◽  
Polygonum Aviculare ◽  
Aswan Reservoir

The present study was undertaken to survey the floristic composition in the islands and shorelines in Aswan Reservoir, south of the River Nile at Aswan Governorate, Egypt. Four elements of vegetation were analyzed: floristic composition, lifespan, life form, and phytogeographical affinities. A total of 165 species were recorded belonging to 134 genera in 45 families of vascular plants, of which six species were new to the flora of Aswan and Nubia (Amaranthus spinosus, Doellia bovei, Eleocharis parvula, Haematoxylum campechianum, Polygonum aviculare, and Pithecellobium dulce). The most represented families are Leguminosae, Poaceae, and Compositae. Species richness is highest in low-lying areas (shorelines) liable to flooding, compared to those of the islands in the river. The recorded flora consists of 50.91% perennials and 49.09% annuals. Therophytes and phanerophytes were the predominant life forms. Phytogeographical analysis revealed the prevalence of the pantropical (28.48%), palaeotropical (17.57%), and cosmopolitan (16.36%) plant species. Monoregional chorotype was represented by 29 species (17.58%) of the recorded flora with the Sudano-Zambezian species (11.52%) being the highest chorotype, while pure Mediterranean species were very poorly represented (3.63%). Biregional chorotype was represented by 25 species (15.15%), while the pluriregional chorotype was accounted for 2.43% of recorded species.

scholarly journals Floristic and microclimatic features of the Sovljak doline (Mt. Velika Kapela, Croatia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 143 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Tihana Vilović ◽  
Suzana Buzjak ◽  
Nenad Buzjak
Keyword(s):  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Temperature Inversion ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Indicator Values ◽  
Point Temperature ◽  
Dew Point Temperature ◽  
Habitat Similarity

The relation between floristic composition, microclimate and geomorphology of a large-sized karst doline was analysed in the area of the Sovljak doline located on the Mt. Velika Kapela. Habitat conditions in various parts of the doline, due to its morphology, were described in this work. Geomorphological observations, microclimatic measurements (including air temperature, relative humidity and dew point temperature data) and flora inventory were carried out. Ellenberg’s indicator values, life forms, chorological and taxonomical analyses were performed, as well as the analysis of habitat similarity. The doline slopes (northern and southern) appeared to offer different habitat conditions than its bottom, due to their morphological and microclimatic differences, which resulted in high taxa variability along short distances in the doline. Furthermore, the presence of temperature inversion promoted the development of the vegetation inversion, which is common in such large dolines.

scholarly journals Montane seasonal wetlands: an inventory of its associated flora in Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca, southeast Brazil

Rodriguésia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludymila Viana Valadares Cruz ◽  
Marco Otávio Dias Pivari ◽  
Luiz Menini Neto ◽  
Fátima Regina Gonçalves Salimena
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Seasonal Wetlands ◽  
Floristic Survey ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Floristic Analysis ◽  
One New Species ◽  
Wetland Types

Abstract The aim of the present study was to perform the floristic survey of the wetlands of the Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca (PEIB), comparing them regarding richness, floristic composition and life forms, based on monthly expeditions to collect vascular plants. Eighty-one (81) species were found in the moist grassland, most of them being endemic to Brazil and included in 55 genera and 21 families. The most representative families were Asteraceae (22 spp.), Melastomataceae (nine spp.), Xyridaceae (seven spp.), Poaceae and Orchidaceae (six spp. each), totalizing 62% of the sampled species. Twenty-seven (27) species were found in the seasonal pond, distributed in 23 genera and 11 families. Families with the highest specific richness were Poaceae (eight spp.), Cyperaceae and Asteraceae (five spp. each), totalizing 67% of the sampled species. There was a predominance of hemicryptophyte life form (nearly 43% of the moist grasslands and 63% of the seasonal pond) in both areas. The floristic analysis results showed great importance to conservation with 22% of species under some threatened category, 12 species endemics to Minas Gerais state and one new species of Cyperaceae. Furthermore, only five species occur in both wetland types (5.1% of the species richness).

scholarly journals Inventory of ferns and lycophytes within forest fragments of Araucaria in southern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivanete Teresinha Mallmann ◽  
Vinícius Leão da Silva ◽  
Jairo Lizandro Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Life Form ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Araucaria Forest ◽  
Floristic Inventory ◽  
Ferns And Lycophytes

Abstract: The Araucaria Forest is a unique plant formation, practically restricted to the Atlantic Forest biome, in the South and Southeast of Brazil. It is immensely fragmented and its area is reduced to a minimum fraction, from 13 to 2% of the original area, due to intense anthropic exploitation. Our study evaluated the richness and floristic composition of ferns and lycophytes within three Araucaria forest fragments, in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. For the floristic inventory, a parcel of 1 ha (100x100m) was demarcated inside three fragments, which were classified by size: large (246 ha - H1LF), medium (57 ha - H2MF) and small (5.2 ha - H3SF). Occurring species life forms and preferential substrates up to 4 meters above ground were recorded. In total, 55 species were catalogued, only two of which were lycophytes, distributed in 32 genera and 17 families. Considering the area of fragments, the recorded species richness has decreased, presenting greater numbers in H1LF (48), followed by H2MF (33), and H3SF (29). In the three sites, terrestrial substrate and the hemicryptophyte species life form predominated. We observed that one hectare of a larger forest fragment presented 65% more species than that of a smaller one, considering that the smaller fragment total area represents only 2% of the larger forest's area. On the other hand, one hectare of the smaller fragment contributed 17% to fern and lycophyte species conservation occurring in Brazilian Araucaria Forests, and 8% to the state of Rio Grande do Sul's total richness. The diverse heterogeneity and species composition grants floristic identity to each of the studied forest interiors. Our results highlight the need to include the botanical parameters here analyzed in management, conservation degree evaluation, and maintenance of Araucaria Forests plant biodiversity.

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