scholarly journals Estado actual de las investigaciones sobre líquenes foliícolas en la región Neotrópica, con un análisis biogeográfico preliminar

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-114
Author(s):  
Robert Lücking
Keyword(s):  
Initial Period ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Plant Distribution ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Tropical Africa ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Foliicolous Lichens ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Plant Distribution Patterns

An overview over the present state of investigations on foliicolous lichens in the Neotropics is provided. Historically, a division can be made into (1) the initial period, dominated by the work of J. Müller Argoviensis, (2) the monography of R. Santesson, (3) the Brazilian phase, characterized by the Brazilian mycologist A. C. Batista and his working group, and (4) the modern period, with detailed monographical and floristical studies and an increasing interest in the ecology of foliicolous lichens and their use as bioindicators. We now have rather good knowledge of the taxonomy and systematics of most groups, although new species are continuously described and some families and genera are in need of revision. Detailed floristical information is available from a few regions only, and biogeographical data are therefore incomplete and controversial. Modern ecological studies have been made to some extent, yet the results and their implications have to be verified by extended studies inside and outside the Neotropics. Preliminary data indicate that foliicolous lichens are useful as bioindicators in various respects. Biogeographically, the Neotropics are characterized by a high number of exclusive species and by their affinity with tropical Africa. Within the Neotropics, biogeographical subdivisions, as established by higher plant distribution patterns, are only in a few instances supported by the distribution of foliicolous lichens. In general, subtile biogeographical conclusions with respect to foliicolous lichens are difficult, because of the wide distribution of many species and the insufficient floristic knowledge of particular regions.

Takhtajan's floristic regions and foliicolous lichen biogeography: a compatibility analysis

2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Lücking
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Plant Distribution ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
East African ◽  
Foliicolous Lichens ◽  
North East ◽  
Compatibility Analysis

AbstractTakhtajan's floristic regions of the world, based on vascular plant distribution, were used for a comparative analysis of foliicolous lichen biogeography. Of the 35 regions distinguished by that author, 23 feature foliicolous lichens. The South-East African, Fijian, Polynesian and Hawaiian regions lack sufficient information and were excluded from further analysis. Using multi-dimensional scaling and cluster and cladistic analyses, the remaining 19 regions were grouped into six lichenogeographical regions: (1) Neotropics, (2) African Paleotropics (including Madagascar, Réunion and Seychelles), (3) Eastern Paleotropics (including North-East Australia and New Caledonia), (4) Valdivian region (temperate rainforest in southern South America), (5) Tethyan region (subtropical areas of Macaronesia, Mediterranean, and Western Irano-Turanian) and (6) Neozealandic-Tasmanian region (temperate rainforests of New Zealand and Tasmania). Affinities between these six large scale regions, with 57–77% shared species, are still stronger than those between the 35 smaller scale regions denned by Takhtajan [(20−)40–60(−75)% shared species]. Based on presence/absence within each of the six regions, 22 potential distribution patterns were defined for foliicolous lichens. Many species are widely distributed; 21% are cosmopolitan or pantropical, while 19% are disjunct on at least two continents, and only 60% are restricted to one of the three major tropical areas (nearly 100% in vascular plants). Most of the latter are found in the Neotropics, while the African Paleotropics are poor in endemics. Most genera deviate significantly from overall distribution patterns; for example, Strigula and Calopadia have higher proportions of widely distributed species, while Porina displays a concentration of Eastern Paleotropical endemics. Species diversity and composition of the six regions indicate that the three extra-tropical foliicolous lichen biotas (Valdivian, Tethyan, Neozealandic-Tasmanian) are the result of partly separate evolutionary histories. On the other hand, there is a strong affinity between the Neotropics and the African Paleotropics, suggesting a shared Western Gondwanan element in the foliicolous lichen biotas of these two regions.

Beach vegetation and plant distribution patterns along the northern Gulf of Mexico

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G. Barbour ◽  
M. Rejmanek ◽  
A. F. Johnson ◽  
B. M. Pavlik
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Plant Distribution ◽  
Northern Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Beach Vegetation ◽  
Plant Distribution Patterns

Horizontal, but not vertical, biotic interactions affect fine-scale plant distribution patterns in a low-energy system

Ecology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 671-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. le Roux ◽  
Jonathan Lenoir ◽  
Loïc Pellissier ◽  
Mary S. Wisz ◽  
Miska Luoto
Keyword(s):  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Plant Distribution ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Plant Distribution Patterns
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