A Banner Year for Conventional Arms Control? The Arms Trade Treaty and the Small Arms Challenge

<p>The Arms Trade Treaty brings together a number of small arms control norms into one instrument and is a new initiative, which was instigated by state and NGO norm entrepreneurs. This thesis attempts to understand what has led to the emergence of these norms in the Arms Trade Treaty, in what will be termed a ‘cluster’ of small arms norms. Examining the small arms norms associated with the Arms Trade Treaty will explain their development and their likelihood of successfully being incorporated into this instrument. Analysis of the development of the norms related to the Arms Trade Treaty will explore the relationship between norms, their promoters and their opponents. This thesis will do this by providing detailed analysis of the development of specific norms in a series of case studies: control over arms brokering, transfers to non-state actors and civilian possession. It will place this development within the broader context of the ATT instrument and the international society in which it is emerging into. This thesis finds that power and powerful states have a significant role to play in the emergence of norms, in some cases despite the efforts of norm promoters. Norms were not able to emerge in their original form due to the influence of powerful states, which resulted in norms evolving in different directions or not emerging at all.</p>

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Arms Control and Disarmament

The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198803164.013.21 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 382-395

Author(s):

Keith Krause

Keyword(s):

International Relations ◽

Arms Control ◽

Great Power ◽

Land Mines ◽

International Peace ◽

Small Arms ◽

Security Governance ◽

Chemical Weapons Convention ◽

Arms Trade ◽

Peace And Security

This chapter evaluates the achievements and limitations of the United Nations (including the Conference on Disarmament) in the field of disarmament, emphasizing the UN’s role as part of broader efforts to control arms as a means to achieve international peace and security. It presents an overview of UN disarmament efforts and discusses specific cases where progress was achieved, such as the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), the Arms Trade Treaty, and efforts to tackle the problems of anti-personnel land mines and small arms and light weapons. Finally, it draws out the implications for international relations of the UN experience with formal multilateral arms control, disarmament and security-building processes by evaluating its role as a negotiating forum, a norm setter, an implementing agency, or an instrument of great power security governance.

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The Emergence of the Arms Trade Treaty as a Global Norm Cluster

10.26686/wgtn.16993198.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Belinda Kay Gardner

Keyword(s):

Detailed Analysis ◽

Case Studies ◽

Significant Role ◽

International Society ◽

Arms Control ◽

Original Form ◽

Small Arms ◽

Arms Trade ◽

Instrument Analysis ◽

The Relationship

<p>The Arms Trade Treaty brings together a number of small arms control norms into one instrument and is a new initiative, which was instigated by state and NGO norm entrepreneurs. This thesis attempts to understand what has led to the emergence of these norms in the Arms Trade Treaty, in what will be termed a ‘cluster’ of small arms norms. Examining the small arms norms associated with the Arms Trade Treaty will explain their development and their likelihood of successfully being incorporated into this instrument. Analysis of the development of the norms related to the Arms Trade Treaty will explore the relationship between norms, their promoters and their opponents. This thesis will do this by providing detailed analysis of the development of specific norms in a series of case studies: control over arms brokering, transfers to non-state actors and civilian possession. It will place this development within the broader context of the ATT instrument and the international society in which it is emerging into. This thesis finds that power and powerful states have a significant role to play in the emergence of norms, in some cases despite the efforts of norm promoters. Norms were not able to emerge in their original form due to the influence of powerful states, which resulted in norms evolving in different directions or not emerging at all.</p>

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Disarmament

The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199560103.003.0017 ◽

2008 ◽

pp. 286-299

Author(s):

Keith Krause

Keyword(s):

International Relations ◽

Arms Control ◽

Land Mines ◽

International Peace ◽

Small Arms ◽

The World ◽

Peace And Security ◽

World Organization ◽

Light Weapons

This article evaluates the achievements and limitations of the world organization in the field of disarmament. It stresses the role of the UN as part of the efforts to control arms as a way to achieve international peace and security. It also notes specific cases where progress was achieved or not, as well as the more recent efforts to handle the problems of anti-personnel land mines and small arms and light weapons. The article also tries to draw out some of the broader implications for international relations of the UN experience with formal multilateral arms control, among others.

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Notice of Other Documents

International Legal Materials ◽

10.1017/s0020782900040948 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 314-314

Keyword(s):

Population Size ◽

Arms Control ◽

Armed Forces ◽

Government Printing ◽

Arms Trade ◽

Military Expenditures ◽

The U.S

The report issued by the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, in January 1975, concerns arms expenditures and sales made between 1963 and 1973. The 123-page document is composed mostly of two major parts: a country-by-country breakdown of arms trade for each of the years studied and a study contrasting each country's yearly military expenditures with its G.N.P., population size, and armed forces. The report (U.S. A.CD.A. Publication 74) may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 for $2. Persons ordering from abroad (other than Canada and Mexico) should add 25 percent to the price to cover shipping charges.

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