Folk Etymology in the North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic Dialects

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-233
Author(s):  
Hezy Mutzafi
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Linguistic Phenomenon ◽  
Aramaic Dialects

Abstract Although folk etymology is a common linguistic phenomenon, it has hitherto hardly been touched upon in lexicological and other works related to varieties of Neo-Aramaic. The present article concerns twelve cases of folk etymology selected from some of the dialects of North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic (NENA), the largest and most variegated division of modern Aramaic. Among these are three folk-etymological interpretations that did not induce structural or other changes, as well as nine cases of folk-etymological processes that reshaped NENA lexical items.

scholarly journals Czym jest i co zawiera „Słownik mówionej polszczyzny pónocnokresowej”

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 277-301
Author(s):  
Iryda Grek-Pabisowa ◽  
Beata Biesiadowska-Magdziarz ◽  
Mirosław Jankowiak ◽  
Małgorzata Ostrówka
Keyword(s):  
Short Description ◽  
Dictionary Entry ◽  
The North ◽  
Material Basis ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Parallel Forms ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Slavic Studies

What is ”A Dictionary of oral Polish language of the north-eastern borderland” and what does it include?A regional variety of the Polish language of the north-eastern borderland in both oral and written forms has been functioning in Belarus, Lithuania and Latvia (former Polish Livonia) for several centuries. In 2000, The Team for Research on the Polish Language of the North-Eastern Borderland of the Institute of Slavic Studies of PAS came up with an idea of creating A Dictionary of oral Polish language of the north-eastern borderland. First, publications containing patterns of the Polish language, credibly recorded, were collected. There were more and more new studies, and the material was enriched with many new lexemes as well as their new variants or better exemplifications. Therefore, the lexical collection continued and was completed in 2012. At the same time the team researchers carried out excerpting from earlier texts, choosing examples, searching for parallel forms of lexemes, blending the material in dictionary units, i.e. establishing the form of a dictionary entry. In this way the corpus of the dictionary was written, following a formula created by the team.The article presents methodology of creating the Dictionary, its material basis, short description of lexical items included and the content of an entry. Czym jest i co zawiera „Słownik mówionej polszczyzny pónocnokresowej”Regionalna odmiana polszczyzny północnokresowej w postaci języka mówionego i pisanego funkcjonowała na obszarze Białorusi, Litwy i Łotwy (dawne Inflanty Polskie) od kilku wieków.W roku 2000 w Zespole Badań Polszczyzny Północnokresowej IS PAN powstał pomysł opracowania Słownika mówionej polszczyzny północnokresowej. Przez pierwsze lata wyszukiwano i gromadzono publikacje zawierające zarejestrowane w sposób wiarygodny wzorce mowy polskiej na interesującym nas terenie. Nowych opracowań stale przybywało, materiał powiększał się o nowe leksemy lub ich nowe postaci czy lepszą egzemplifikację. Dlatego też uzupełnianie zbioru leksykalnego zamknięto datą publikacji wydanych w roku 2012. Równolegle z uzupełnieniami pochodzącymi z nowo pojawiających się prac prowadzono ekscerpcję z tekstów wcześniejszych, dobór przykładów, wyszukiwanie paralelnych postaci leksemów i scalanie materiałów w jednostki słownikowe, czyli ustalanie postaci hasła. W ten sposób powstał korpus Słownika, który opracowywano według ułożonej przez zespół formuły. Artykuł przedstawia metodologię tworzenia Słownika, jego podstawę materiałową, krótką charakterystykę leksyki, którą zawiera oraz zawartość artykułu hasłowego.

Some Lexicographic and Etymological Notes on 'A Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dictionary'

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-324
Author(s):  
Hezy Mutzafi
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Lexical Item ◽  
Comparative Data ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Lexical Items

Abstract The present article refers to several selected lexical oddities which appear in Yona Sabar's A Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dictionary. The article seeks to clarify the etymologies of these lexical items, to refine their definitions whenever necessary, and to offer extensive comparative data related to cognates and missing links in various other Neo-Aramaic varieties, in particular North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic (NENA) dialects. All lexical items in question are proven to be inherited from pre-modern Aramaic, and five of them appear to be part of the inventory of Akkadian loanwords in NENA and other Aramaic languages. Mere recourse to Classical Aramaic is inadequate for uncovering the origins of most of these lexical items due to far-reaching semantic, phonological and morphological changes that have distanced them from their precursors. In most cases, therefore, a comparative inter-dialectal study is crucial for securing well-founded etyma for these puzzling words. Each etymological discussion specifies the diachronic processes involved in the development of the lexical item under consideration.

scholarly journals K Niektorým Aspektom Termínu „Archaizmus “

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Viera Kováčová
Keyword(s):  
Historical Linguistic ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
National Language ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Linguistic Phenomenon ◽  
Slovak Language ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Main focus of this paper is the issue of notional variability of the term “archaism” which occurs in historical-linguistic and dialectological works with a common denominator - dialects. The basis of the registered notional variability (1. Linguistic phenomenon which carries over from an earlier linguistic period - residual archaism; 2. Dialectal phenomenon which represents older state of language - relict archaism 3. Dialectal phenomenon which is currently receding - synchronic, structural archaism) lies in differences resulting from diachronic (the age of the linguistic phenomenon, diachronic resultativity, residuality/relictness) and synchronic (obsolescence of the linguistic phenomenon, synchronic processuality) approach to the language and its dynamics. The variability of the term archaism according to the approach used (the aspect of the national language, its development vs. the aspect of dialectal system and its structure) is illustrated on the example of linguistic phenomena characteristic for Sotak dialects of the north-eastern Zemplín. During the process of selection of examples from Sotak dialects the fact that the structure of this dialectal system includes, in a concentrated form, linguistic phenomena reflecting an older developmental state of the Slovak language (archaisms from the point of view of national language and its development) was taken into consideration.

Northeastern Neo-Aramaic and Language Contact

2020 ◽  
pp. 493-518
Author(s):  
Eleanor Coghill
Keyword(s):  
Language Contact ◽  
Language Family ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Languages In Contact ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Turkic Languages ◽  
Aramaic Dialects

The North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic dialects form one of the surviving branches of the Aramaic language family. Extremely diverse, they are or were spoken by Christian and Jewish minorities originating in Iraq, Turkey, Syria and Iran. They have been in intense contact with other languages of the region, most notably Kurdish, but also Arabic, Turkic languages and Persian. As a result, they show a great deal of contact influence, not only in lexicon and phonology but also in morphology and syntax. The precise forms of the borrowings, as well as their behavior, usually reflect the local dialects of the donor language, showing how important fine-grained dialectal data is in a study of language contact. While some of the languages in contact, namely Kurdish, Turkish and Persian, are structurally very different to NENA, structural congruence or compatibility plays at best a fluctuating role in facilitating borrowings.

scholarly journals Remarks on the Historical Development and Syntax of the Copula in North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic Dialects

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Khan
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Functional Explanation ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Diachronic Development ◽  
Aramaic Dialects

Abstract This paper examines some aspects of the morphology and syntax of the copula in the North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic (NENA) dialects. The first part proposes a possible pathway for the diachronic development of the morphology of the copula, with particular attention to the innovative inflection of the 3rd person. It is argued that this originated in deictic constructions that were reanalysed as deictic copulas. The second part offers a functional explanation for the position of the copula before or after the predicate. It is argued that many constructions that place the copula before the predicate should be interpreted as thetic sentences, whereas those that place the copula after the predicate should be interpreted as categorical sentences. The thetic structures are likely to have developed by the replication of the pattern of copula constructions in Kurdish.

The Morphology of Adjectives in the Neo-Aramaic Dialects of ʿAqra

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Aziz Emmanuel Eliya Al-Zebari
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Economic Crises ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
Inflectional Features ◽  
Aramaic Dialects

Abstract The present article presents a synchronic description of the morphology of adjectives in the highly endangered Neo-Aramaic dialects of ʿAqra in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. It discusses the morphology of adjectives in these dialects as used in the sixties of the last century. In particular, the article highlights adjectival patterns, inflectional features, and the adaptation of loanwords from Kurdish, Arabic, and Turkish. The article contributes to the description of the grammar of some 150 North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic (NENA) dialects in the Kurdistan region that are gradually falling into disuse, due to internal disputes, wars, economic crises, and globalisation.

The North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic Dialects

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Khan
Keyword(s):  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Aramaic Dialects

Mackems, Geordies and ram-raiders: documenting regional variation in historical dictionaries

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-326
Author(s):  
PHILIP DURKIN
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Regional Variation ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Linguistic Identity ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Short Section

The article examines the challenges encountered by historical dictionaries in documenting regional variation in lexis, and in recording and describing the association of lexical items with particular regionally based linguistic identities. After a short section looking at general issues in labelling the regional distribution and provenance of lexical items in historical dictionaries, it looks in detail at the OED’s treatment of three test cases: Mackem ‘person from Sunderland or Wearside’; pet as a term of endearment or form of address; and ram-raid and related terms. All three have some connection with the north-east of England, but this differs greatly in each case: ram-raid (probably) originated in Tyneside, but there is now little awareness of this either inside or outside the north-east; pet did not originate in the north-east, nor is it restricted to use in this region, but it is widely recognized as a marker of north-eastern (or sometimes specifically Tyneside) linguistic identity; Mackem has little currency outside the north-east, but within the region it has some importance in signalling a distinctive Sunderland or Wearside linguistic and cultural identity. The article places these different lexical histories in the context of current research on enregisterment of lexis, and examines how definitions, labelling, descriptive notes and carefully selected quotation evidence can all be pressed into service in attempting to present nuanced accounts of the histories of such lexical items in a historical dictionary.

Discussion on “The grinding wheel and production” at the North-Eastern Section of the Institution

1942 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Bowen ◽  
Vickery ◽  
Buchanan ◽  
Swallow ◽  
Perks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern

The influence of submesoscale eddies on hydrochemical parameters and structural and functional characteristics of phytoplankton in the north-eastern part of the Black Sea

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-40
Author(s):  
Sergey B. Kuklev ◽  
Vladimir A. Silkin ◽  
Valeriy K. Chasovnikov ◽  
Andrey G. Zatsepin ◽  
Larisa A. Pautova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anticyclonic Eddy ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Hydrochemical Parameters ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Seasonal Thermocline ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
The City ◽  
North Eastern Part

On June 7, 2018, a sub-mesoscale anticyclonic eddy induced by the wind (north-east) was registered on the shelf in the area of the city of Gelendzhik. With the help of field multidisciplinary expedition ship surveys, it was shown that this eddy exists in the layer above the seasonal thermocline. At the periphery of the eddy weak variability of hydrochemical parameters and quantitative indicators of phytoplankton were recorded. The result of the formation of such eddy structure was a shift in the structure of phytoplankton – the annual observed coccolithophores bloom was not registered.

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