scholarly journals The Origin and Development of the Johannine Egō Eimi Sayings in Cognitive-Critical Perspective

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 139-206
Author(s):  
Paul N. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Historical Jesus ◽  
Fourth Gospel ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Sayings Of Jesus

Abstract The long-held critical judgment that the I-am sayings of Jesus in the Fourth Gospel have no connection at all with the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth is based primarily on the inference that they are entirely missing from the Synoptics. As a result, John has been expunged from Jesus research, assuming its patent ahistoricity; yet critical analyses have largely overlooked Johannine- Synoptic similarities. While the Johannine presentation of Jesus’ I-am sayings is indeed distinctive and highly theological, it cannot be claimed that either the I-am convention of speech or its predicate metaphors and themes are absent from the Synoptics. Indeed, some absolute I-am sayings are present in Mark, and each of the nine terms used with the predicate nominative in John are also present in the Synoptics. Therefore, it cannot be claimed that such terms, on the basis of the Synoptics alone, were never used by the historical Jesus or present within early traditional material. As a means of discerning a plausible understanding of how the Johannine presentation of the I-am sayings of Jesus may have emerged, cognitive-critical analysis poses a way forward. Within the developing memory of the Johannine tradition, earlier words of Jesus likely became crafted into the evangelist’s apologetic presentation of Jesus’ ministry as a means of convincing later audiences that he was indeed the Messiah/Christ.

The Authenticity of John 12.24

2002 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
Peter W. Ensor
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Historical Jesus ◽  
Fourth Gospel ◽  
Christian Literature ◽  
Sayings Of Jesus

A review of the evidence for the authenticity of Jn. 12.24 reveals that by its vocabulary, form, style and content it fits naturally into the ministry of the historical Jesus and at the same time is unlikely to have been composed by the author of the Fourth Gospel himself. The fact that the combination of motifs present in the saying is unparalleled in any extant contemporary Jewish, pagan or Christian literature lends credence to the view that he did not draw it from any other source than the body of traditional sayings of Jesus with which he was familiar. If so, then this verse gives further support to the view that Jesus’ discourses in the Fourth Gospel are not pure Johannine creations, as some have thought, but contain sayings which go back to the historical Jesus himself.

scholarly journals Financial cycle − A critical analysis of the methodology for its identification

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-116
Author(s):  
Łukasz Kurowski
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Financial Cycle ◽  
Economic Justification ◽  
The Business Cycle ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

Abstract While the legitimacy of the concept of the financial cycle (as distinct from the business cycle) in research and economic policy after the experience of the global financial crisis raises no concerns, the methodology for its application has become a subject of discussion. The purpose of this article is to indicate which research methods dominate in identifying a financial cycle and which methodological traps accompany them. The low level of critical perspective on the methods used to identify cycles often results in conclusions that have no economic justification and may result in erroneous decisions in economic policy and central bank practice. The case study carried out in the article confirms that the key elements in identifying a financial cycle are part of a long-term series covering at least two lengths of the financial cycle. In addition, because the results may be sensitive to the type of filter used, it is important not to rely on a single variable but rather to build indexes that take into account a number of them (including those obtained using filtration methods).

The Function of the Son of Man according to the Synoptic Gospels

1968 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Maddox
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Historical Jesus ◽  
Synoptic Gospels ◽  
Son Of Man ◽  
Alternative Method ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sayings Of Jesus

The discussion about the meaning of the title ‘Son of Man’ continues to be a lively part of the quest for the historical Jesus. Nevertheless the discussion gives the impression of having come to a kind of stalemate; and this suggests that we ought to examine the method by which it has been pursued, to see if a fruitful alternative method can be found. The method usually followed is dominated by these three characteristics:(1) Diligent investigation is devoted to trying to distinguish which of the Son of Man sayings in the gospels (if any) are genuine sayings of Jesus.(2) It is accepted that the synoptic Son of Man sayings fall into three distinct groups, referring (a) to Jesus during his earthly life as Son of Man, (b) to predictions of Jesus' death and resurrection as Son of Man, and (c) to the future coming of the Son of Man at the end of the age. Since the meaning of the title is understood to differ from group to group, and especially between the last group and the other two, the discussion of genuineness has mostly taken the form of asking within which group or groups the genuine sayings are to be sought.(3) With respect to the meaning of the title, attention is concentrated on the status which it connotes (e.g. lowliness, suffering, exaltation, authority, vindication, heavenly enthronement, etc.), but little inquiry is made concerning the function which the Son of Man performs.

The health-disease process: a reflection in the light of medical anthropology

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1202
Author(s):  
Lucas Pereira de Melo ◽  
Elizabeth Regina de Melo Cabral ◽  
José Ademário dos Santos Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Medical Anthropology ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Critical Reflection ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Disease Concepts ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Health Field

Objective: to discuss the health and disease concepts based on Medical Anthropology. Methods: this is about a critical reflection study. Therefore, was done a critical analysis of modern medical practices and their relationship with the culture. This discussion is based on, mainly, authors' experience in this study and research field and in the literature review. Results: it was discussed the paradigm concept’s and yours developments in health field. Some contributions that the field of Medical Anthropology has brought to the study of the health-disease process. Conclusions: finally, highlighted the importance of a critical perspective and theory based on the various events included in the health-disease and contributions for health professionals. Descriptors: health-disease process; medical anthropology; delivery of health care.

scholarly journals Methods and models in the quest for the historical Jesus: Historical criticism and/or social scientific criticism

2002 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andries Van Aarde
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Historical Jesus ◽  
Critical Research ◽  
Historical Criticism ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Level Of Abstraction ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
High Level

In this article a distinction is made between social scientific criticism and historiography. Historiography describes what is unrepeatable, specific and particular. Social scientific criticism is to some extent a phenomenological approach. On a high level of abstraction, it focuses on ideal types. The historiographical quest for Jesus is about the plausibility of a continuity or a discontinuity existing between the Jesus of history and the Jesus of faith. This approach has been broadened by the interdisciplinary application of the results of archaeological, sociohistorical, and cultural anthropological studies of the world of the historical  Jesus. But it does not mean that historical-critical research as such is now dismissed. The aim of the article is to argue that social scientific criticism can complement a historical-critical analysis.

Are there Parables in John? It is Time to Revisit the Question

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 243-276
Author(s):  
Ruben Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Specific Form ◽  
Historical Jesus ◽  
Synoptic Gospels ◽  
Fourth Gospel ◽  
Historical Document ◽  
Memory Research ◽  
Form Criticism

AbstractA point of agreement between historical-Jesus scholarship and Johannine scholarship is that there are no parables in the Fourth Gospel. The following article, however, questions this consensus on both historical and literary grounds. Drawing on the insights of memory research, the following discussion will not seek to peer 'behind' the text, but rather embraces the text itself as a historical document of the memory of Jesus. Additionally, new genre theories necessitate a shift in the application of form criticism to the parable genre. Taking these new methodological insights into account, one finds texts in John that have the same right to be called 'parables' as texts found in the Synoptic Gospels. Furthermore, these Johannine parables, in their specific form of remembering, preserve and reveal important theological aspects of Jesus' parables.

Two Parables in John

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barnabas Lindars
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Gospel ◽  
Son Of Man ◽  
Similar Relation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Popular Work ◽  
Sayings Of Jesus

One of the most fruitful aspects of recent study of the Fourth Gospel has been the recovery of traditional sayings of Jesus embedded in Johannine discourses. They are often the starting point of the whole argument. The classic example of this is the Parable of the Apprenticed Son in John v. 19 f. This was isolated as a parable from earlier tradition by both C.H. Dodd and P. Gächter, working independently of each other. In this case it is easy to see how the entire exposition of the work of Jesus as the Son of man, with which the Son and the Slave in viii. 35 has a similar relation to the discourse in which it is enclosed, even though this may not be so obvious at first sight. These and other examples of parables in John have been conveniently collected in the popular work of A. M. Hunter, According to John (1968), pp. 78–89.

A Tomb with a View: John 11.1–44 in Narrative-Critical Perspective

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W. G. Stibbe
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Structure Characterization ◽  
Literary Analysis ◽  
Fourth Gospel ◽  
Aesthetic Appreciation ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Raising Of Lazarus

It is one of the more surprising facts of academic life that no one has as yet attempted a detailed literary analysis of John 11.1–44. This narrative text, perhaps more than any other in the New Testament, calls out for sustained aesthetic appreciation. In many ways, John's story of the raising of Lazarus represents the pinnacle of the New Testament literature. It is a tale artfully structured, with colourful characters, timeless appeal, a sense of progression and suspense, subtle use of focus and no little sense of drama. Yet, even in the context of the well-documented paradigm shift from historical to text-immanent approaches to the Gospels, I know of no article or book which has exposed this story to a synchronic and aesthetic interpretation. This article is therefore a long overdue contribution to Fourth Gospel research. In it, I shall be examining John 11.1–44 from the following, recognizably literary, angles: context, genre, form, plot, narrator and point of view, structure, characterization, themes, implicit commentary, and reader response. My hope is that this article helps readers not only to appreciate the riches of John's storytelling, but also demonstrates in accessible terms how to approach the New Testament narrative literature.

Resilience in psychology: A critical analysis of the concept

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 528-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health System ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Mental Health System ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Life Conditions ◽  
The Individual

Historically, psychiatry and clinical psychology focused on understanding how stressful life conditions led to psychiatric disorders. With the rise of positive psychology, the focus shifted to thriving through adversity and to concepts such as resilience. However, the number of mental disorders is still increasing. Due to a neoliberal Western decontextualizing stance in psychology, the concept of resilience is at risk of reproducing power imbalances and discrimination within our society. Resilience is analysed from a critical perspective, mostly with a Marxist point of view, including Foucauldian discursive approaches, as well as a biomedical critique of the current mental health system, to illustrate the shortcomings of Western psychologies. This article illustrates how a contextualized understanding of resilience that accounts for political, historical, and socioeconomic contexts at analytical levels besides the individual may overcome this ethnocentric and neoliberal bias.

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