Social Identity and Patterns of Interaction in the Sharia Court of Kastamonu (1740-44)

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogaç Ergene
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Group Identities ◽  
Patterns Of Interaction ◽  
Court Process

AbstractIn this article I introduce quantitative techniques and procedures to analyze how various social groups in mid-18th-century Ottoman Kastamonu experienced the court process. By processing the information found in three Kastamonu court registers, I attempt to determine the group identities of court clients and to compare the choices made by different groups in various legal circumstances. I will identify the kinds of issues brought to court by different segments of the social hierarchy, and the legal adversaries and/or contracting parties brought to court by these court clients; and I will assess how these groups fared in their disputes. My analysis confirms the existence of diverse patterns of court use by various groups in 18th-century Kastamonu and the differential use of the court's services by clients with different social and economic backgrounds.

The Psychology of the Main Social Groups

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-138
Author(s):  
Jon Elster
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Old Regime ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Royal Court ◽  
The Social

This chapter refers to the beliefs of individuals that occupied various positions in the structures of the old regime. For histoire des mentalités, the chapter tries to determine popular beliefs, elite beliefs, and beliefs about beliefs in accordance with reasons given in the Madisonian caveats. It also analyzes the behavior of the main agents in the economic and political system, which includes the peasantry, local authorities, several urban groupings, the parlements, provincial estates, the royal administration, the royal court, and the king himself. It includes the top-down beliefs of the authorities about their subjects and the bottom-up beliefs of the subjects about the authorities. This chapter also describes beliefs of the members of any group in the social hierarchy about other members of the same group.

Social Embeddedness and Rational Turnout

2019 ◽  
pp. 360-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole Jean Uhlaner
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Rational Choice ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Social Embeddedness ◽  
Relational Goods ◽  
The Social ◽  
Group Identities ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Theoretical Developments

Models that embed people in social groups provide solutions to the paradox of voting. This chapter summarizes several approaches that use group identities and loyalties to generate substantial turnout even within rational choice models of participation (whether voting or collective action more broadly). One theoretical move introduces leaders acting instrumentally to mobilize individuals who belong to some group, thereby integrating the individual citizen’s consumption term into an instrumental calculus. Other, complementary, theoretical developments introduce relational goods, which exist only with interaction among specific people, as part of the mobilizing arsenal, or more generally develop relational motivations for collective action. The chapter briefly discusses some empirical findings, notably including experiments that show that shame, pride, and digital social networks increase turnout, and argues that these results provide support for the social embeddedness models.

Identitŕ sociale e comunicazione in rete

2009 ◽  
pp. 33-54
Author(s):  
Marina Mura ◽  
Massimo Martini
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Computer Mediated Communication ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
Multiple Group ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
The Social ◽  
Identity Complexity ◽  
Group Identities ◽  
Social Identity Complexity ◽  
Virtual Experiences

- In this article, we analyzed the concept of social identity complexity - a theoretical construct that refers to an individual's subjective representation of the interrelationships among his or her multiple group identities - in presence and virtual experiences. We thought social identity complexity reflects the degree of overlap perceived to exist between groups of which a person is simultaneously a member. Today, computer mediated communication (CMC) has a main point and meaningful influence in the construction of the social identity but the interaction with entity cognitive and the different levels of mediation has been a little considered.

scholarly journals The Importance of Social Groups for Retirement Adjustment: Evidence, Application, and Policy Implications of the Social Identity Model of Identity Change

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Haslam ◽  
Niklas K. Steffens ◽  
Nyla R. Branscombe ◽  
S. Alexander Haslam ◽  
Tegan Cruwys ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Identity Change ◽  
The Social ◽  
Identity Model

scholarly journals Redes, hierarquia e interdependência social nas relações de compadrio do século XVIII (Viamão, 1747-1769)

2018 ◽  
pp. 56-78
Author(s):  
Israel Silva Aquino ◽  
Fábio Kuhn
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
The Social

Resumo: Este artigo investiga a formação de redes de compadrio na freguesia de Viamão do século XVIII, buscando investigar como estas reproduziam as relações de diferenciação, hierarquia e interdependência constituídas por indivíduos de famílias abastadas da região. Conforme aponta João Fragoso, a sociedade constituída no Brasil do período colonial foi marcada por uma "hierarquia social costumeira”, constituída por intrincadas relações entre indivíduos de diferentes estratos sociais. Assim, este artigo foi dividido em três partes: na primeira, apresentaremos o método adotado; a seguir, é realizada uma breve revisão a respeito dos estudos sobre o compadrio no Brasil. Finalmente, o mapeamento destas redes de ‘compadres’ foi realizado através da sistematização dos registros de batismo da região de Viamão, no período de 1747 a 1759, recorrendo-se às ferramentas conceituais da metodologia da Análise de Redes Sociais para fins de análise e crítica dos resultados.Abstract: This article investigates the formation of compadrazgo networks in the parish of Viamão in the 18th century. It focuses on how they reproduced dynamics of differentiation, hierarchy and interdependence constituted by individuals from families of the region. According to João Fragoso, the society constituted in Brazil from the colonial period was marked by a "customary social hierarchy", constituted by intricate relationships among individuals from different social strata. This article was divided in three parts: in the first, we will present the method adopted; next, is a brief review of studies on compadrazgo in Brazil. Finally, the mapping of these networks was carried out, through the systematization of baptismal records of the Viamão region from 1747 to 1759, and using the tools of the Social Network Analysis methodology to perform the analysis of the results.

scholarly journals Collective Autonomy: Why Groups Fight for Power and Status

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Kachanoff ◽  
Kurt Gray ◽  
Richard Koestner ◽  
Nour Kteily ◽  
Michael Jeremy Adam Wohl
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
Structural Power ◽  
Privileged Position ◽  
The Social ◽  
Group Members

People experience “collective autonomy restriction” when they believe other groups want to restrict their own group from freely expressing its social identity and determining its behavior. We review emerging research on the negative consequences of collective autonomy restriction for well-being, as well as its implications for group members’ motivation to fight for their place within social hierarchies. We propose that group members desire two resources tied to having a favorable position within the social hierarchy – structural power (i.e., the ability to influence and resist influence from other groups) and status (being positively valued and perceived as moral by others) – because they believe that having power and status are necessary to secure their group’s collective autonomy. We hypothesize that group members anticipate that other groups might restrict their group if they lack the structural power to resist outside influences, or if they are perceived as negative or immoral and worthy of restriction. We apply this power and status perspective of collective autonomy restriction to predict (1) when disempowered groups are most likely to fight against (vs. tolerate) their disadvantaged position and (2) when powerful groups are most likely to relinquish power and acknowledge their transgressions (versus defensively maintain their privileged position).

scholarly journals Pembentukan Identitas Sosial Komunitas Hadhrami di Batavia Abad XVIII-XX

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Ahmad Athoillah
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The Social ◽  
Religious Teaching ◽  
The 19Th Century

This paper discusses the process of forming identities carried out by the Hadhrami community in Batavia throughout the late 18th century until the beginning of the 20th century. The taking of the topic was motivated by the strong social identity of the Hadhrami community in Batavia, especially in religion and economy since the 19th century to the present. The problem of this research is about the form and process of forming Hadhrami social identity from the end of the 18th century to the beginning of the 20th century. To answer these problems, a critical historical method is used by using various historical sources and relevant reference studies.Some of the results obtained from this study are various historical realities, such as the formation of social religious symbols including mosques and religious teaching forum. Some important things are the formation of economic identities such as wholesale trade, shipping businesses and property businesses. In addition, there were also shifting settlements from Hadhrami over the Koja people in Pekojan in the early 19th century, as well as the shift of the Hadhrami to the inland of Batavia in the late 19th century. These various realities ultimately affected various forms and processes of forming the social identity of the Hadhrami community, such as the material aspects, language, behavior, and collective ideas of the Hadhrami community especially at the beginning of the 19th century. Generally the Hadhrami community had transformed themselves and their collective parts into colonial society in Batavia until the beginning of the 20th century.

The divided we and multiple obligations

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley Franks ◽  
Andrew Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Moral Obligation ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Single Group ◽  
The Social

Abstract Tomasello's account of the origins and nature of moral obligation rightly emphasises the key roles of social relations and a cooperative sense of “we.” However, we suggest that it overlooks the complexity of those social relations and the resulting prevalence of a divided “we” in moral social groups. We argue that the social identity dynamics that arise can lead to competing obligations in a single group, and this has implications for the evolution of obligation.

Do journalists cater to audience's social identity? Assessing the alignment of news content with readers’ national identity orientations

2021 ◽  
pp. 174804852110644
Author(s):  
Miki Tanikawa
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Home Culture ◽  
News Reporting ◽  
The Social ◽  
Foreign News ◽  
National Stereotypes

This study investigated the use of national stereotypes and home cultural referents (so-called “domestication”) in foreign news reporting, in relation to social identity theory which posits that individuals are drawn to information/assessments that positively describe the social groups to which they belong. Through a content analysis of influential newspapers from three different countries, this study finds that foreign news coverage tends to depict the home culture favorably while generally denigrating foreign societies, consistent with the theory's predictions. The study also finds that foreign news generally portrays the foreign society negatively with or without the stereotype but that stereotyping will enhance negativity. This research also employed cultural theories to probe the reciprocal nature between the audience and the journalists, both of who may share similar cultural frames.

Despierten, Latinos (‘Wake up, Latinos’)

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 558-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar Garcés -Conejos Blitvich ◽  
Patricia Bou-Franch ◽  
Nuria Lorenzo-Dus
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Latino Identity ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Us

This study examines the schemata underlying the social dimensions and relationships associated with the processes of Latino identity construction in 500 YouTube postings in response to the Obama Reggaeton video. According to Van Dijk (1998), such schemata allow members of a given group to provide answers to questions such as who they are, what criteria need to be met for membership in their group, and what kinds of relationships are established among their group and other social groups. Along the lines of Wodak et al. (1999), our study unveils six main thematic contents or categories that discursively realize the social dimensions and relationships associated with the Latino identity, and tests them in a corpus of unsolicited data in a deindividuated environment, YouTube, in which social identity, such as the Latino identity, is salient. The analysis lends validity to these categories, as they were found to be highly relevant to the corpus. We argue that the Latino identity is essentially political, both in the narrow and the broad senses of the word (see Gee 2005; Joseph 2006). Furthermore, the Latino identity can only be properly understood within the identity politics climate of the US.

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