scholarly journals EMPATHY AND IMPLICIT THEORIES OF EMOTIONS AND PERSONALITY IN A CHINESE SAMPLE

2021 ◽  
pp. 114-143
Author(s):  
Tatiana V. Kornilova ◽  
Zhou Qiuqi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Implicit Theories ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Cognitive Empathy ◽  
Chinese Sample ◽  
Cognitive Component ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Theories Of Emotions

Background. Empathy is widely recognized as a multifaceted trait that includes cognitive and emotional components. The Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy (QCEI) (Reniers et al., 2011) has been widely used in many countries. However, the question of its factor structure as applied to the Chinese samples was not resolved in two previous works Our approbation allowed us to clarify its psychometric characteristics, which is important for its further application in China and in cross-cultural studies.The problem of the relationship between the implicit theories (IT) of emotions and personality and empathy, which has not yet been investigated, is also relevant. Objective. 1) re-adaptation of the QCEI questionnaire on a Chinese sample, 2) testing hypotheses about the connections of implicit theories of personality and the ability to control emotions with the cognitive and affective components of empathy (on a Chinese sample). Design. 1,319 Chinese participants completed the QCEI questionnaire, of which 520 in person and 799 through online communication. Their data was randomly split into two samples. Exploratory factor analysis was carried out for the first sample, and confirmatory factor analysis was done for the second one. These 1319 people filled out the questionnaire of implicit theories of emotions (ITE). 520 participants filled out the questionnaire of implicit theories of personality (ITP) as well. To assess the convergent validity of our Chinese version of the QCAE questionnaire 799 participants also completed the M. Davis IRI empathy questionnaire. Results. A four-factor QCAE model was established for the Chinese sample (as opposed to the author’s five-factor model); IRI components are significantly positively correlated with QCAE components, which indicates the commonality of their nomological network. Based on the fact that the incrementality index for ITE is significantly and positively correlated with cognitive empathy, we accepted the hypothesis of the cognitive component as the leading one in the person’s assumption about the possibility of controlling emotions. The ITP incrementality index positively correlates only with the “Adjustment” subscale, which indicates a lower representation of the cognitive component in ITP in the Chinese sample. It follows from our results that the hypothesis on the connection of the affective component of empathy with the IT of emotions and personality can be rejected.

scholarly journals Cross-Cultural Comparison of Relationships between Empathy and Implicit Theories of Emotions (in Chinese and Russians)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Tatiana Kornilova ◽  
Qiuqi Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Theories ◽  
Cognitive Empathy ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Affective Empathy ◽  
Cultural Comparison ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Chinese Sample ◽  
Cross Cultural Comparison ◽  
Theories Of Emotions

The current manuscript presents the results of a cross-cultural comparison of the relationships between empathy and implicit theories of emotion in individuals from China and Russia. We hypothesized that the members of the Chinese culture would differ from the more Western Russian participants in terms of relationships between the various components of the emotional domain. Thus, we aimed to identify latent personality profiles while hypothesizing that the Chinese sample would demonstrate more prominent links between empathy and implicit theories regarding the possibility of controlling emotions. We also assumed that immediate social context could affect the results, and therefore, we compare two groups of Chinese participants—those living in China and those living in Russia, predominantly studying in Russian universities. The initial sample included Russians (N = 523), Chinese living in Russia (N = 376), and Chinese living in China (N = 423). However, following matching procedures to enable the sociodemographic comparability of samples, the final comparison was reduced to a final sample of Russians (N = 400), a sample of Chinese living in Russia (N = 363), and a sample of Chinese living in China (N = 421). We used latent class analysis and correlation analyses to test the study hypotheses. The study found that, unlike Russians, the Chinese participants demonstrated a positive correlation between incremental implicit theories of emotions and empathy. We also established significant group and gender differences. Russian women reported higher affective empathy than men, whereas Chinese women demonstrated higher affective empathy and cognitive empathy, as well as incremental implicit theories of emotion.

scholarly journals Arabic validation and cross-cultural adaptation of the 5C scale for assessment of COVID-19 vaccines psychological antecedents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samar Abd ElHafeez ◽  
Ramy Shaaban ◽  
Iffat Elbarazi ◽  
Rony ElMakhzangy ◽  
Maged Ossama Aly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Cronbach Alpha ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

AbstractBackgroundIn the Arab countries, there has not been yet a specific validated questionnaire that can assess the psychological antecedents of COVID-19 vaccine among the general population. This study, therefore, aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the 5C scale into the Arabic language.MethodsThe 5C scale was translated into Arabic by two independent bilingual co-authors, and then subsequently translated back into English. After reconciling translation disparities, the final Arabic questionnaire was disseminated into four randomly selected Arabic countries (Egypt, Libya, United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Saudi Arabia). Data from 350 Arabic speaking adults (aged ≥18 years) were included in the final analysis. Convergent, discriminant, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were carried out. Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach alpha.ResultsAge of participants ranged between 18 to 73 years; 57.14% were females, 37.43% from Egypt, 36.86%, from UAE, and 30% were healthcare workers. The 5 sub-scales of the questionnaire met the criterion of internal consistency (Cronbach alpha ≥0.7). Convergent validity was identified by the significant inter-item and item-total correlation (P<0.001). Discriminant validity was reported as inter-factor correlation matrix (<0.7). Exploratory factor analysis indicated that the 15 items of the questionnaire could be summarized into five factors. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the hypothesized five-factor model of the 15-item questionnaire was satisfied with adequate psychometric properties and fit with observed data (RMSEA=0.060,GFI=0.924, CFI=0.957, TLI=0.937, SRMR=0.076 & NFI=906).Conclusionthe Arabic version of the 5C scale is a valid and reliable tool to assess the psychological antecedents of COVID-19 vaccine among Arab population.

Validation of an Adapted French Form of the Structured Interview for the Five-Factor Model (SIFFM) in a Swiss Sample

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
Cornelia Pocnet ◽  
Jean-Philippe Antonietti ◽  
Armin von Gunten ◽  
Jérôme Rossier
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Self Report ◽  
English Version ◽  
French Version

Abstract. We analyzed the psychometric properties of the Structured Interview for the Five-Factor Model (SIFFM) in a French-speaking Swiss sample and compared the French version to the original English version. A community-based sample of 260 participants (183 women and 77 men, aged 20 to 88 years, Mage = 46.23, SDage = 16.37) were assessed using the SIFFM and the NEO-FFI-R. Forty of the participants agreed to be filmed or to be assessed by two investigators simultaneously. The internal consistency coefficients of the five dimensions of SIFFM ranged from .63 to .84. An exploratory factor analysis within the confirmatory factor analysis framework showed that the structure of the French version of the SIFFM was in line with the structure suggested by the Five-Factor Model. Except for the modesty and dutifulness subscales, each facet scale had its highest factor loading on the factor representing the targeted domain. Moreover, a principal axis joint factor analysis of the SIFFM and NEO-FFI-R domains suggested that the convergent validity between the two instruments was adequate. Furthermore, the interrater reliability coefficients for the SIFFM scores were high. The French version of the SIFFM shows acceptable psychometric properties, comparable to those of the English version, and may be an informative assessment method and an alternative to self-report measures.

scholarly journals Psychometric properties of empathy questionnaire for Spanish adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Salavera ◽  
Pablo Usán
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Cognitive Empathy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Affective Empathy ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Short Time

Abstract The aim of this study was to adapt and test the empathy questionnaire in Spanish adolescents (N = 701, age = 13.47 years). The study involved two different strands: (1) the questionnaire was translated into Spanish, and its internal consistency, factorial structure and convergent validity were assessed; (2) the questionnaire was subject to confirmatory factor analysis. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis show that the questionnaire’s factors present an aggregate variance of 58.588%, which suggests that the questionnaire is a valid tool to represent affective empathy, cognitive empathy and empathic concern. On the other hand, the confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the sustainability of the model, which comprises three identified factors and twelve items. The empathy questionnaire is easy to understand and can be completed in a short time, so it is considered a useful tool to assess empathy in Spanish adolescents. The results are discussed in the context of theoretical accounts of empathy.

scholarly journals Arabic validation and cross-cultural adaptation of the 5C scale for assessment of COVID-19 vaccines psychological antecedents

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0254595
Author(s):  
Samar Abd ElHafeez ◽  
Iffat Elbarazi ◽  
Ramy Shaaban ◽  
Rony ElMakhzangy ◽  
Maged Ossama Aly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Background In the Arab countries, there has not been yet a specific validated Arabic questionnaire that can assess the psychological antecedents of COVID-19 vaccine among the general population. This study, therefore, aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the 5C scale into the Arabic language. Methods The 5C scale was translated into Arabic by two independent bilingual co-authors, and then translated back into English. After reconciling translation disparities, the final Arabic questionnaire was disseminated into four randomly selected Arabic countries (Egypt, Libya, United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Saudi Arabia). Data from 350 Arabic speaking adults (aged ≥18 years) were included in the final analysis. Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach’s alpha. Construct validity was determined by concurrent, convergent, discriminant, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Results Age of participants ranged between 18 to 73 years; 57.14% were females, 37.43% from Egypt, 36.86%, from UAE, 30% were healthcare workers, and 42.8% had the intention to get COVID-19 vaccines. The 5 sub-scales of the questionnaire met the criterion of internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha ≥0.7). The predictors of intention to get COVID-19 vaccines (concurrent validity) were young age and the 5C sub-scales. Convergent validity was identified by the significant inter-item and item-mean score of the sub-scale correlation (P<0.001). Discriminant validity was reported as inter-factor correlation matrix (<0.7). Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin sampling adequacy measure was 0.80 and Bartlett’s sphericity test was highly significant (P<0.001). Exploratory factor analysis indicated that the 15 items of the questionnaire could be summarized into five factors. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the hypothesized five-factor model of the 15-item questionnaire was satisfied with adequate psychometric properties and fit with observed data (RMSEA = 0.060, GFI = 0.924, CFI = 0.957, TLI = 0.937, SRMR = 0.076 & NFI = 906). Conclusion The Arabic version of the 5C scale is a valid and reliable tool to assess the psychological antecedents of COVID-19 vaccine among Arab population.

Assessing the Big Five

2006 ◽  
Vol 214 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Schulze ◽  
Richard D. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Item Pool ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Initial Item

Abstract. A new measure of the Big Five personality constructs, the Openness Conscientiousness Extraversion Agreeableness Neuroticism Index Condensed (OCEANIC), was developed and validated. In Study 1 (N = 166), the convergent validity with the Big Five as assessed by the NEO-FFI was established. Study 2 (N = 3 808) served to investigate the structure of the instrument with stepwise exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. The incremental predictive validity with respect to objective university grades was examined in Study 3 (N = 145). The results show that a) the scales of the initial item pool converge with those of an established measure of the Big Five, b) the Big Five factor model fits the data both at the item and facet level and both for subsamples of students and workers, and c) consistent with previous research, the Conscientiousness factor of the OCEANIC predicts university grades beyond intelligence measures.

Psychometric Properties of the Herth Hope Index in Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celeste R. Phillips-Salimi ◽  
Joan E. Haase ◽  
Eileen Kae Kintner ◽  
Patrick O. Monahan ◽  
Faouzi Azzouz
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Quality Of Life Index ◽  
Herth Hope Index

The Herth Hope Index (HHIndex), originally developed for adults, was examined for appropriateness in two studies of adolescents and young adults with cancer—those at various stages of treatment (N = 127) and those newly diagnosed (N = 74). The internal consistency reliability (Cronbach’s alpha) of the index was .84 and .78, respectively, in the two samples. Construct validity was supported by discriminant correlations in the moderate to low range between the HHIndex and measures of uncertainty in illness and symptom distress, and by moderate convergent correlations with measures of resilience (self-esteem, self-confidence, and self-transcendence) and quality of life (index of well-being). A four-step factor analysis procedure was done, and confirmatory factor analysis suggested that a one-factor solution best fit the data in this population. Findings indicate that the HHIndex is a reliable measure of hope in adolescents and young adults with cancer. Evidence of discriminant and convergent validity in measuring hope in adolescents and young adults with cancer was also generated. Further exploration of the HHIndex factor structure in adolescents and young adults is needed.

The Hierarchical Model of Exercise Dependence

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayatri Kotbagi ◽  
Laurence Kern ◽  
Lucia Romo ◽  
Ramesh Pathare
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Preliminary Version

Abstract. Physical exercise when done excessively may have negative consequences on physical and psychological wellbeing. There exist many scales to measure this phenomenon. The purpose of this article is to create a scale measuring the problematic practice of physical exercise (PPPE Scale) by combining two assessment tools already existing in the field of exercise dependency but anchored in different approaches (EDS-R and EDQ). This research consists of three studies carried out on three independent sample populations. The first study (N = 341) tested the construct validity (exploratory factor analysis); the second study (N = 195) tested the structural validity (confirmatory factor analysis) and the third study (N = 104) tested the convergent validity (correlations) of the preliminary version of the PPPE scale. Exploratory factor analysis identified six distinct dimensions associated with exercise dependency. Furthermore, confirmatory factor analysis validated a second order model consisting of 25 items with six dimensions and four sub-dimensions. The convergent validity of this scale with other constructs (GLTEQ, EAT26, and The Big Five Inventory [BFI]) is satisfactory. The preliminary version of the PPPE must be administered to a large population to refine its psychometric properties and develop scoring norms.

Subclinical Sadism and the Dark Triad

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura K. Johnson ◽  
Rachel A. Plouffe ◽  
Donald H. Saklofske
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Antisocial Personality Traits

Abstract. The Dark Triad is a constellation of three antisocial personality traits: Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy. Recently, researchers have introduced a “Dark Tetrad” that includes subclinical sadism, although others suggest considerable overlap between psychopathy and sadism. To clarify the position of sadism within the Dark Triad, an online study was conducted with 615 university students. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that a six-factor solution fit the data best, representing Machiavellianism, psychopathy, physical sadism, verbal sadism, narcissism, and vicarious sadism. Furthermore, convergent validity was supported through sadism’s correlations with the HEXACO personality traits. The results support sadism’s inclusion within the Dark Tetrad as a unique construct but with some conceptual overlap with psychopathy.

scholarly journals The Inflammatory Bowel Disease Symptom Inventory: A Patient-report Scale for Research and Clinical Application

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1277-1290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn A Sexton ◽  
John R Walker ◽  
Laura E Targownik ◽  
Lesley A Graff ◽  
Clove Haviva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Measurement Properties ◽  
Systemic Complications ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Objectives Existing measures of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) symptoms are not well suited to self-report, inadequate in measurement properties, insufficiently specific, or burdensome for brief or repeated administration. We aimed to develop a patient-reported outcome measure to assess a broader range of IBD symptoms. Methods The IBD Symptoms Inventory (IBDSI) was developed by adapting symptom items from existing clinician-rated or diary-format inventories; after factor analysis, 38 items were retained on 5 subscales: bowel symptoms, abdominal discomfort, fatigue, bowel complications, and systemic complications. Participants completed the IBDSI and other self-report measures during a clinic visit. A nurse administered the Harvey Bradshaw Index (HBI) for Crohn’s disease (CD) or the Powell-Tuck Index (PTI) for ulcerative colitis (UC), and a gastroenterologist completed a global assessment of disease severity (PGA). Results The 267 participants with CD (n = 142) or UC (n = 125), ages 18 to 81 (M = 43.4, SD = 14.6) were 58.1% female, with a mean disease duration of 13.9 (SD = 10.5) years. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the 5 subscales. The total scale and subscales showed good reliability and significant correlations with self-report symptom and IBD quality of life measures, the HBI, PTI, and PGA. Conclusions The IBDSI showed strong measurement properties: a supported factor structure, very good internal consistency, convergent validity, and excellent sensitivity and specificity to clinician-rated active disease. Self-report HBI and PTI items, when extracted from this measure, produced scores comparable to clinician-administered versions. The 38-item IBDSI, or 26-item short form, can be used as a brief survey of common IBD symptoms in clinic or research settings.

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