Perceived Digital Game Realism: A Quantitative Exploration of its Structure

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 585-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wannes Ribbens ◽  
Steven Malliet
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Principal Axis ◽  
Considerable Extent ◽  
Social Realism ◽  
Digital Game ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Freedom Of Choice ◽  
Principal Axis Factoring

A quantitative exploration is presented of the concept of perceived digital game realism, based upon the frameworks described by Malliet (2006), and Shapiro, Peña-Herborn, and Hancock (2006). The concepts and categories outlined in both studies are complemented with an additional literature study and subjected to an exploratory factor analysis. Principal axis factoring was performed on items completed by 385 respondents whose ages ranged between 15 and 19 years. Seven factors of perceived game realism were identified: simulation, freedom of choice, character involvement, perceptual pervasiveness, authenticity regarding subject matter, authenticity regarding characters, and social realism. These findings are to a considerable extent congruent with the theoretical framework.

scholarly journals Assessing Teacher and Librarian Collaboration: A Preliminary Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Montiel-Overall
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Principal Axis ◽  
Oblique Rotation ◽  
Broad Distribution ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Teacher Surveys ◽  
Principal Axis Factoring

Exploratory factor analysis was used to examine the structure of a 32-item teacher and librarian collaboration survey (TLC-II). The survey consisted of two scales with 16 items in each scale, Frequency and Importance to Student Learning. Scores from teacher surveys (N=194) were examined using principal axis factoring and oblique rotation to identify underlying constructs. A four factor interpretable structure of teacher and librarian collaboration emerged providing support for a proposed model of teacher and librarian collaboration. Internal consistency was high for the overall scale and for each of the factors. The results of this study provide a basis for further refinement of the instrument in preparation for broad distribution among teachers and librarians.

scholarly journals VALUES OF YOUNG EMPLOYEES: Z-GENERATION PERCEPTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Jelena Titko ◽  
Anna Svirina ◽  
Viktorija Skvarciany ◽  
Inga Shina
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Correlation Matrix ◽  
Principal Axis ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Processing Factor ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Bartlett’S Test ◽  
Principal Axis Factoring

The current paper aims to analyse the importance of values of young employees now and in five years period. In order to achieve the aim, the questionnaire consisting of fifty statements was developed and disseminated between the Latvian students. The sample size was 392, which shows that the results represent the whole populations. For data processing, factor analysis was chosen as a tool. The data factorability was assessed via Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity, Kaiser-Myer-Olkin (KMO) statistic, initial estimates of communality and the anti-image correlation matrix. The factors were extracted via principal axis factoring (PAF). The number of factors was determined by the scree plot/Kaiser’s rule and was equal to five in both cases. The results showed the for the young employees the essential values today are those connected to the personality trait. However, in five years, the essential values would be those that are linked to professional development.

scholarly journals Identifying Items to Assess Methodological Quality in Physical Therapy Trials: A Factor Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (9) ◽  
pp. 1272-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Armijo-Olivo ◽  
Greta G. Cummings ◽  
Jorge Fuentes ◽  
Humam Saltaji ◽  
Christine Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Principal Axis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Principal Axis Factoring

Background Numerous tools and individual items have been proposed to assess the methodological quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The frequency of use of these items varies according to health area, which suggests a lack of agreement regarding their relevance to trial quality or risk of bias. Objective The objectives of this study were: (1) to identify the underlying component structure of items and (2) to determine relevant items to evaluate the quality and risk of bias of trials in physical therapy by using an exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Design A methodological research design was used, and an EFA was performed. Methods Randomized controlled trials used for this study were randomly selected from searches of the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Two reviewers used 45 items gathered from 7 different quality tools to assess the methodological quality of the RCTs. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted using the principal axis factoring (PAF) method followed by varimax rotation. Results Principal axis factoring identified 34 items loaded on 9 common factors: (1) selection bias; (2) performance and detection bias; (3) eligibility, intervention details, and description of outcome measures; (4) psychometric properties of the main outcome; (5) contamination and adherence to treatment; (6) attrition bias; (7) data analysis; (8) sample size; and (9) control and placebo adequacy. Limitation Because of the exploratory nature of the results, a confirmatory factor analysis is needed to validate this model. Conclusions To the authors' knowledge, this is the first factor analysis to explore the underlying component items used to evaluate the methodological quality or risk of bias of RCTs in physical therapy. The items and factors represent a starting point for evaluating the methodological quality and risk of bias in physical therapy trials. Empirical evidence of the association among these items with treatment effects and a confirmatory factor analysis of these results are needed to validate these items.

Kenny Music Performance Anxiety Inventory: Exploratory Factor Analysis of the Romanian version

2020 ◽  
pp. 030573561989641
Author(s):  
Andrada Lavinia Faur ◽  
Sebastian Vaida ◽  
Adrian Opre
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Performance Anxiety ◽  
Music Performance Anxiety ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Rotation Method ◽  
Oblimin Rotation ◽  
Principal Axis Factoring

Kenny Music Performance Anxiety Inventory (K-MPAI) is one of the most widely used instruments in the research of music performance anxiety. The aim of this study was to investigate the factor structure of the Romanian version of K-MPAI. A sample of 420 (aged 18–66, M = 24.46, SD = 7.36; 48% women and 52% men) musicians completed the K-MPAI. Exploratory factor analysis with principal axis factoring and oblimin rotation method indicated eight factors which explained 49.16% of variance. Due to the overestimation of the number of factors by the Kaiser’s criterion of 1, parallel analysis with the syntax provided by O’Connor was implemented. Four factors were extracted which explained 41.37% of variance. They were named “music performance anxiety symptoms,” “depression and hopelessness,” “parental support,” and “memory self-efficacy.” Results partially support the theoretical model which sustained the development of K-MPAI, and further clinical implications for the Romanian musician population are discussed.

scholarly journals Exploring the Factor Structure of the Glasgow Children’s Benefit Inventory: New Recommendations for Reporting Results

2020 ◽  
pp. 000348942096563
Author(s):  
Haytham Kubba ◽  
William M. Whitmer
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Patient Reported Outcomes ◽  
Principal Axis ◽  
Ventilation Tube ◽  
Tube Insertion ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Principal Axis Factoring

Objective: Patient-reported outcomes can be useful for reporting benefit from non-life-saving interventions, but often they report a single overall score, which means that much information on the specific areas of benefit is lost. Our aim was to perform a new factor analysis on the Glasgow Children’s Benefit Inventory (GCBI) to create subscales reflecting domains of benefit. Further aims were to assess the internal consistency of the GCBI, and to develop guidelines for reporting both a total score and sub-scales in future studies. Methods: We collected 4 existing datasets of GCBI data from children who have undergone tonsillectomy, ventilation tube insertion, pinnaplasty, and submucous diathermy to the inferior turbinates. We performed exploratory factor analysis with principal axis factoring with varimax rotation, we sought redundancy in question items, and we measured internal consistency. Results: Using the combined dataset of 772 cases, we found 4 factors which accounted for 64% of the variance and which we have labeled “Psycho-social,” “Physical health,” “Behavior,” and “Vitality.” Subscale results varied in predictable ways depending on the nature of the intervention. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.928. Item-total correlations were high, and no item could be deleted to improve alpha. Floor effects were apparent for various questions but were not consistent between different interventions. Conclusions: The GCBI contains a range of questions which each add value in different clinical interventions. We can now make recommendations for reporting the results of the GCBI and its 4 new subscales.

Measuring Impact of Stress in Sandwich Generation Caring for Demented Parents

GeroPsych ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence M. Solberg ◽  
Lauren B. Solberg ◽  
Emily N. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Social Worker ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sandwich Generation ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adult Caregivers ◽  
The Impact

Stress in caregivers may affect the healthcare recipients receive. We examined the impact of stress experienced by 45 adult caregivers of their elderly demented parents. The participants completed a 32-item questionnaire about the impact of experienced stress. The questionnaire also asked about interventions that might help to reduce the impact of stress. After exploratory factor analysis, we reduced the 32-item questionnaire to 13 items. Results indicated that caregivers experienced stress, anxiety, and sadness. Also, emotional, but not financial or professional, well-being was significantly impacted. There was no significant difference between the impact of caregiver stress on members from the sandwich generation and those from the nonsandwich generation. Meeting with a social worker for resource availability was identified most frequently as a potentially helpful intervention for coping with the impact of stress.

The Hierarchical Model of Exercise Dependence

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayatri Kotbagi ◽  
Laurence Kern ◽  
Lucia Romo ◽  
Ramesh Pathare
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Preliminary Version

Abstract. Physical exercise when done excessively may have negative consequences on physical and psychological wellbeing. There exist many scales to measure this phenomenon. The purpose of this article is to create a scale measuring the problematic practice of physical exercise (PPPE Scale) by combining two assessment tools already existing in the field of exercise dependency but anchored in different approaches (EDS-R and EDQ). This research consists of three studies carried out on three independent sample populations. The first study (N = 341) tested the construct validity (exploratory factor analysis); the second study (N = 195) tested the structural validity (confirmatory factor analysis) and the third study (N = 104) tested the convergent validity (correlations) of the preliminary version of the PPPE scale. Exploratory factor analysis identified six distinct dimensions associated with exercise dependency. Furthermore, confirmatory factor analysis validated a second order model consisting of 25 items with six dimensions and four sub-dimensions. The convergent validity of this scale with other constructs (GLTEQ, EAT26, and The Big Five Inventory [BFI]) is satisfactory. The preliminary version of the PPPE must be administered to a large population to refine its psychometric properties and develop scoring norms.

Subclinical Sadism and the Dark Triad

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura K. Johnson ◽  
Rachel A. Plouffe ◽  
Donald H. Saklofske
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Antisocial Personality Traits

Abstract. The Dark Triad is a constellation of three antisocial personality traits: Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy. Recently, researchers have introduced a “Dark Tetrad” that includes subclinical sadism, although others suggest considerable overlap between psychopathy and sadism. To clarify the position of sadism within the Dark Triad, an online study was conducted with 615 university students. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that a six-factor solution fit the data best, representing Machiavellianism, psychopathy, physical sadism, verbal sadism, narcissism, and vicarious sadism. Furthermore, convergent validity was supported through sadism’s correlations with the HEXACO personality traits. The results support sadism’s inclusion within the Dark Tetrad as a unique construct but with some conceptual overlap with psychopathy.

Equivalent Factorial Structure of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) in Clinical and Nonclinical Jordanian Populations

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fawzi S. Daoud ◽  
Amjed A. Abojedi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Symptom Inventory ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Item Checklist ◽  
General Psychological Distress

This study investigates the equivalent factorial structure of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) in clinical and nonclinical Jordanian populations, using both exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The 53-item checklist was administered to 647 nonclinical participants and 315 clinical participants. Eight factors emerged from the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) for the nonclinical sample, and six factors emerged for the clinical sample. When tested by parallel analysis (PA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), the results reflected a unidimensional factorial structure in both samples. Furthermore, multigroup CFA showed invariance between clinical and nonclinical unidimensional models, which lends further support to the evidence of the unidimensionality of the BSI. The study suggests that the BSI is a potentially useful measure of general psychological distress in clinical and nonclinical population. Ideas for further research are recommended.

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