A Remark on the Economics of Quantifier Raising

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-394
Author(s):  
Jason Overfelt
Keyword(s):  
Local Operation ◽  
Restricted Distribution ◽  
Quantifier Raising

Quantifier Raising is often considered to be a relatively local operation, though it has been argued that nonlocal applications are licensed by generating new scope interpretations ( Fox 2000 , Reinhart 2006 ) or resolving antecedent-contained deletions ( Fox 2002 , Wilder 2003 , Cecchetto 2004 ). In this article, an account of the restricted distribution of sloppy pronouns in antecedent-contained deletions leads to the conclusion that exceptional applications of Quantifier Raising are in fact not licensed purely by virtue of QR’s escaping the antecedent for ellipsis.

Eumops floridanus (Chiroptera: Molossidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1009) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Jessica M Vannatta ◽  
Jeffery A Gore ◽  
Verity L Mathis ◽  
Brian D Carver
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Population Size ◽  
The United States ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Small Population Size ◽  
Restricted Distribution ◽  
Dead Trees ◽  
Fish And Wildlife Service

Abstract Eumops floridanus (Allen, 1932) is a molossid commonly called the Florida bonneted bat or the Florida mastiff bat. Eumops floridanus is the largest species of bat in Florida and is one of 16 species in the genus Eumops. With one of the smallest distributions of any bat in the United States, it is endemic to southern peninsular Florida where it roosts in cavities of live and dead trees and man-made structures. Eumops floridanus was formerly classified as a subspecies of E. glaucinus but has been elevated to species level based on morphology. Due primarily to its restricted distribution, small population size, and the continued loss of habitat, E. floridanus is federally listed as “Endangered” (EN) by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.

Chirocephalus sanhadjaensis sp. nov., a new chirocephalid species (Branchiopoda: Anostraca) from Numidia (Algeria)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4526 (3) ◽  
pp. 381
Author(s):  
LYLIA BOUMENDJEL ◽  
NICOLAS RABET ◽  
MOUNIA AMAROUAYACHE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Resting Eggs ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Freshwater Ponds ◽  
Restricted Distribution ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Northeastern Algeria

A new species of Chirocephalus collected in temporary freshwater ponds in Northeastern Algeria is described. Chirocephalus sanhadjaensis sp. nov. seems to be restricted to Ain-Magroun and Belkroun pools (Skikda Province). The most similar species is C. marchesonii Ruffo & Vesentini, 1957, which is endemic to Italy. The new taxon, belonging to the “diaphanus” species group of the genus Chirocephalus, is identifiable from all congeners primarily by the shape of the antennal appendages and that of the apex of the distal antennomere of the antennae. The resting eggs of C. sanhadjaensis sp. nov. are similar to those of C. diaphanus or C. salinus but are larger (448.24 ± 30.93 µm). The restricted distribution of this species confirms the high biological diversity of the area of the Guerbes-Sanhadja eco-complex. 

Commitment to a parent company and a local operation

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phuong Nguyen ◽  
Jörg Felfe ◽  
Insa Fooken ◽  
Ho Thuy Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Parent Company ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Local Operation

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the nature of commitments of local employees to a parent company and a local operation in comparison to the nature of commitment of Western expatriates to the two foci. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected by questionnaire from 532 local employees and 471 Western expatriates currently working for the subsidiaries of multinational companies (MNCs) in Vietnam. Hypotheses were tested using exploratory factor analyses, confirmatory factor analyses, correlation analyses, t-test, generalized linear models and hierarchical regression. Findings – The results confirmed two distinct commitment foci and revealed that the commitment to the local operation was stronger than the commitment to the parent company for local employees. Remarkably, retention and absenteeism are more driven by local operation commitment than by parent company commitment for the local employees. In contrast, these outcomes are more driven by parent company commitment for the Western expatriates. Working conditions (job autonomy, job variety, transformational leadership and remuneration) positively predicted affective commitment to the local operation for both groups; particularly job variety and leadership were better predictors for local employees than for Western expatriates. Practical implications – The comparison shows effective and specific ways to sustain and reinforce the commitments of each employee group with regard to two foci. This information may help to reduce the rate of turnover intention and absenteeism in MNCs. Originality/value – By using a multifaceted approach, this study provided a comparison of dual organizational commitment for different categories of employees working in MNCs. Second, this study shows that the stronger commitment focus has a stronger influence on related outcomes (i.e. retention and absenteeism). If so, MNCs can focus on reinforcing the selected commitment focus in order to reduce the costs of management. Third, the study has initially pointed out that some work factors exert a specific influence on different commitment foci in the two groups. Controlling these work conditions is recommended to sustain and develop commitment levels of the two groups.

scholarly journals KERAGAMAN MORFOLOGI Hoya purpureofusca Hook.f. ASAL TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG GEDE PANGRANGO

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-223
Author(s):  
Sri Rahayu ◽  
Kartika Ning Tyas ◽  
Hary Wawangningrum
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Morphological Characteristic ◽  
National Park ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
West Java ◽  
Purple Flower ◽  
Restricted Distribution

Hoya purpureofusca Hook.f. (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae) has been used as an ornamental plant and the international trade of this species has become increasing. This species has restricted distribution on the high elevation of Java and Bali mountains. This epiphyte climber has succulent leaves and umbellate delicate flowers. Flower has star shape, succulent and waxy, purple., c.1 cm in diameter. The observation on the morphological characteristic is aimed to select the best sample for ornamental plant. The total of 17 observed samples were obtained from three populations at Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park, West Java, Indonesia. The selection was based on the node length, size of the leaves, and flower number, size and color. The result showed that P01 from Cibodas could be developed as leaf ornamental plant, because its shortest node and small leaves. SP1 from Selabintana could be developed as flower ornamental plant, it has numerous, larger and deep purple flower. SP1 and P01 have the farest relatives distance among all observed accessions, but still have a similarity of 75%.  

scholarly journals Rediscovery and taxonomic placement of Solanum polyphyllum Phil. (Solanaceae), a narrow endemic from the Chilean Atacama Desert

PhytoKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Andres Moreira-Muñoz ◽  
Melica Muñoz-Schick
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Altitudinal Belt ◽  
Narrow Endemic ◽  
Restricted Distribution ◽  
Solanum Sect ◽  
Recent Monograph ◽  
Made In

Although the original description of Solanum polyphyllum Phil. was made in 1891, this species was not seen until it was re-discovered 128 years later in 2019 in the Atacama Desert. Fruits and seeds were previously unknown and a complete description is provided here. This species was not treated in the most recent monograph of Solanum sect. Regmandra, but it should be incorporated in this section due to its glabrous, sessile and entire leaves, which are decurrent onto the stem. Morphologically, S. polyphyllum is similar to S. paposanum, also of section Regmandra, but differs in the entire leaves (against margins with 4–5 acute lobes in S. paposanum) and glabrous leaves (moderately pubescent adaxially and velutinous abaxially in S. paposanum). The rediscovery of S. polyphyllum at a new locality at the same altitudinal belt as the type, re-affirms its restricted distribution and endemism and supports a potential conservation status as an endangered species.

scholarly journals Isochilostachya Mytnik & Szlach., gen. nov., a new genus of Polystachyinae Schltr. (Orchidaceae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Mytnik-Ejsmont ◽  
Dariusz L. Szlachetko
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Species Level ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Comprehensive Description ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Key ◽  
North East ◽  
Restricted Distribution ◽  
Eastern Arc ◽  
Floral Bracts

A new genus of Orchidaceae (Polystachyinae), <em>Isochilostachya</em>, is described. It is morphologically similar to <em>Polystachya </em>Hook. but is distinct by the narrower, grass-like leaves arranged in the upper part of the stem, long and acuminate floral bracts and sepals, and long clavate or capitate hairs densely arranged on the lip. A comprehensive description of the new genus is provided. A list of examined specimens and information about distribution, habitat, and altitude for each species are presented. A position of the members of the new genus in the cladogram recently obtained from molecular analyses of Polystachyinae is briefly discussed. A taxonomic key to Polystachyinae is included. Eleven new combinations on species level are validated. Eight lectotypes are designated. Most of the species of <em>Isochilostachya</em> are endemic to particular mountains of the Eastern Arc (Eastern Afromontane hotspot) in north-east Tanzania therefore a brief discussion about their restricted distribution is provided.

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