Thinking with Interactive Artifacts: Reflection as a Concept in Design Outcomes

Design Issues ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maliheh Ghajargar ◽  
Mikael Wiberg
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Design ◽  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Important Ingredient ◽  
Design Processes ◽  
Intelligent Artifacts ◽  
Over Time

Reflection is a recurring notion in the HCI/interaction design literature. Throughout the years “reflection” has been highlighted as a key dimension of design thinking and as an important ingredient of design processes. In this paper we take stock in our community's interest in reflection, and we suggest that while it has been acknowledged as a cornerstone for design processes, it has been less explored as a basis for design outcomes. Given this extensive literature study, it seems that 1) the interest in this area is growing, and we present tables that illustrate this growing interest over time; 2) reflection and behavioral change are two interrelated notions; and 3) these notions are well-explored in our field. Further, we suggest that as interaction design is increasingly exploring the design of “tangible,” “smart,” “connected,” and even “intelligent” artifacts, we should think about how reflection and our ability to “think with artifacts” can be extended to include the design of interactive artifacts. In this paper we suggest how that might be done, and we point at a design space for designing such interactive artifacts to think with.

scholarly journals Digital Addiction: Systematic Review of Computer Game Addiction Impact on Adolescent Physical Health

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 996
Author(s):  
Norshakirah Aziz ◽  
Md Jan Nordin ◽  
Said Jadid Abdulkadir ◽  
Muhammad Muhaimin M. Salih
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Computer Games ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Computer Gaming ◽  
Digital Addiction ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Malaysian Adolescents

The advancement of technology has enabled powerful microprocessors to render high-quality graphics for computer gaming. Despite being intended for leisure purposes, several components of the games alongside the gamer’s environmental factors have resulted in digital addiction (DA) towards computer games such as massively multiplayer online games (MMOG). Excessive gaming among adolescents has various negative impacts on an individual. However, only a few researchers have addressed the impact of DA on physical health. Thus, the primary objective of this research is to study the impact of DA on physical health among Malaysian adolescents. This study focuses on Malaysian adolescents of ages 12–18 years old who are addicted to computer games, specifically the MMOG. The methodology used for the study involves focus group discussions (FGD) and extensive literature study. The FGD sessions have involved both medical experts and game experts. The outcome of FGD discussion is recorded and justified with the existing relevant literature from high-impact journals, theses, conferences, books, and reports. This paper provides evidence of five physical health impacts of DA associated with adolescents. The factors of DA, the addiction components existing in MMOG computer games, and the DA health risk assessment are presented in the results section. Based on the study, it is concluded that DA among Malaysian adolescents can cause various impacts on physical health such as obesity, back pain, and neck pain, orthopaedic/joint muscle, eyesight problem, hearing problem, as well as physical inactivity.

scholarly journals Effective but fragile? Responses to repeated nudge-based messages for preventing the spread of COVID-19 infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shusaku Sasaki ◽  
Hirofumi Kurokawa ◽  
Fumio Ohtake
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
The Third ◽  
Compliance Level ◽  
Change Effect ◽  
Loss Frame ◽  
Over Time

AbstractNudge-based messages have been employed in various countries to encourage voluntary contact-avoidance and infection-prevention behaviors to control the spread of COVID-19. People have been repeatedly exposed to such messages; however, whether the messages keep exerting a significant impact over time remains unclear. From April to August 2020, we conducted a four-wave online survey experiment to examine how five types of nudge-based messages influence Japanese people’s self-reported preventive behaviors. In particular, we investigate how their behaviors are affected by repeated displays over time. The analysis with 4241 participants finds that only a gain-framed altruistic message, emphasizing their behavioral adherence would protect the lives of people close to them, reduces their frequency of going out and contacting others. We do not find similar behavioral changes in messages that contain an altruistic element but emphasize it in a loss-frame or describe their behavioral adherence as protecting both one’s own and others’ lives. Furthermore, the behavioral change effect of the gain-framed altruistic message disappears in the third and fourth waves, although its impact of reinforcing intentions remains. This message has even an adverse effect of worsening the compliance level of infection-prevention behaviors for the subgroup who went out less frequently before the experiment. The study’s results imply that when using nudge-based messages as a countermeasure for COVID-19, policymakers and practitioners need to carefully scrutinize the message elements and wording and examine to whom and how the messages should be delivered while considering their potential adverse and side effects.

scholarly journals A Mobile App for Longterm Monitoring of Narcolepsy Symptoms: Design, Development, and Evaluation

10.2196/14939 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e14939
Author(s):  
Laury Quaedackers ◽  
Jan De Wit ◽  
Sigrid Pillen ◽  
Merel Van Gilst ◽  
Nikolaos Batalas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Design ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Patient Reported Outcome ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Subjective Burden ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Over Time

Background Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder with a broad variety of symptoms. Although narcolepsy is primarily characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy (loss of muscle control triggered by emotions), patients may suffer from hypnagogic hallucinations, sleep paralysis, and fragmented night sleep. However, the spectrum of narcolepsy also includes symptoms not related to sleep, such as cognitive or psychiatric problems. Symptoms vary greatly among patients and day-to-day variance can be considerable. Available narcolepsy questionnaires do not cover the whole symptom spectrum and may not capture symptom variability. Therefore, there is a clinical need for tools to monitor narcolepsy symptoms over time to evaluate their burden and the effect of treatment. Objective This study aimed to describe the design, development, implementation, and evaluation of the Narcolepsy Monitor, a companion app for long-term symptom monitoring in narcolepsy patients. Methods After several iterations during which content, interaction design, data management, and security were critically evaluated, a complete version of the app was built. The Narcolepsy Monitor allows patients to report a broad spectrum of experienced symptoms and rate their severity based on the level of burden that each symptom imposes. The app emphasizes the reporting of changes in relative severity of the symptoms. A total of 7 patients with narcolepsy were recruited and asked to use the app for 30 days. Evaluation was done by using in-depth interviews and user experience questionnaire. Results We designed and developed a final version of the Narcolepsy Monitor after which user evaluation took place. Patients used the app on an average of 45.3 (SD 19.2) days. The app was opened on 35% of those days. Daytime sleepiness was the most dynamic symptom, with a mean number of changes of 5.5 (SD 3.7) per month, in contrast to feelings of anxiety or panic, which was only moved 0.3 (SD 0.7) times per month. Mean symptom scores were highest for daytime sleepiness (1.8 [SD 1.0]), followed by lack of energy (1.6 [SD 1.4]) and often awake at night (1.5 [SD 1.0]). The personal in-depth interviews revealed 3 major themes: (1) reasons to use, (2) usability, and (3) features. Overall, patients appreciated the concept of ranking symptoms on subjective burden and found the app easy to use. Conclusions The Narcolepsy Monitor appears to be a helpful tool to gain more insight into the individual burden of narcolepsy symptoms over time and may serve as a patient-reported outcome measure for this debilitating disorder.

scholarly journals Designing Web Based Offering and Sales Information System (Case Study : PT. Daya Berkah Sentosa Nusantara)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Nurjanah Ramadhany ◽  
Ade Eviyanti
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Business World ◽  
The Public ◽  
To Come ◽  
Over Time

Technology is increasingly sophisticated with over time competition in the business world such as E-Commerce has a positive impact on entrepreneurs to advance their companies, namely by creating online websites so that offerings and sales are easy among the public. By accessing the website page of PT. Daya Berkah Sentosa Nusantara buyers do not have to come directly to the place or company, and send offers according to admin needs.The purpose of this study is to make it easier for researchers to solve supply and sales problems based on problems that arise in the company. The method used in this study is the Waterfall Method, with data collection techniques used using observation, interviews and literature study. The desired result of this research is to be able to create a website for the company, to be able to expand marketing reach, buyers can view products through the website.

scholarly journals Analisis Konsep Integrasi Ilmu Dalam Islam

Wardah ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-49
Author(s):  
Ainor Syuhadah Binti Khalid ◽  
Intan Delsa Putri
Keyword(s):  
Research Literature ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Data Reading ◽  
Over Time

Abstract: Article with the title ‘Analysis of the Concept of Integration of Science in Islam’, it discusses describing and analyzing concepts between sciences in Islam. Science we will describe later, is a system of meaning of reality and truth, based on revelation supported by reason and intuition. The method used in this study uses the method or literature study (library research). Literature study can be interpreted as an activity relating to the method of collecting library data, reading and recording and processing research materials. With nadzar and fikr processes, ratios will be able to articulate, make propositions, express opinions, argue, make analogies, make decisions, and draw conclusions. In the Islamic worldview, science is closely related to faith, ‘aql, qalb, and taqwa. Not only is knowledge systematically gathered, but knowledge is also an understanding. Where to calculate the haq Of course you will not argue with the haq. However, over time, hegemony and colonialism caused Muslims to replace and apply the concept of Western knowledge that is blindly. This attitude certainly causes confusion. So, trying to develop and develop the concept of science in the Qur'an can be made the basis for formulating the basis of knowledge in Islam. Keywords: Integration of knowledge, worldview, and scientific methods.   Abstrak: Artikel dengan judul ‘Analisis Konsep Integrasi Ilmu dalam Islam’, ini bertujuan memaparkan dan menganalisis konsep intergrasi ilmu dalam Islam. Ilmu sebagaimana akan kita uraikan nanti, merupakan system pemaknaan akan realitas dan kebenaran, bersumber pada wahyu yang didukung oleh rasio dan intuisi. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini menggunakan metode atau pendekatan kepustakaan (library research). Studi pustaka dapat diartikan sebagai serangkaian kegiatan yang berkenaan dengan metode pengumpulan data pustaka, membaca dan mencatat serta mengolah bahan penelitian. Dengan proses nadzar dan fikr, rasio akan dapat berartikulasi, menyusun proposisi, menyatakan pendapat, berargumentasi, membuat analogi, membuat keputusan, serta menarik kesimpulan. Dalam worldview Islam, ilmu berkaitan erat dengan iman, ‘aql, qalb, dan taqwa. Tidak hanya merupakan satu pengetahuan yang terhimpun secara sistematis, tetapi ilmu juga merupakan suatu metodologi. Dimana metodologi yang haq tentu tidak akan bertentangan dengan yang haq. Namun seiring berjalannya waktu, hegemoni dan kolonialisme menyebabkan umat Islam cenderung meniru dan mengadopsi konsep ilmu pengetahuan Barat secara membabi buta. Sikap ini tentu saja menyebabkan kebingungan (confusition) yang berlanjut pada hilangnya identitas. Maka, upaya menggali dan mengembangkan konsep ilmu dalam al-Qur‘an dapat dijadikan landasan bagi upaya merumuskan kerangka integrasi ilmu pengetahuan dalam Islam. Kata kunci: Integrasi ilmu, worldview, metode keilmuan.    

scholarly journals When and why does the name of the brand still matter?

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (11/12) ◽  
pp. 2118-2137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Griff Round ◽  
Stuart Roper
Keyword(s):  
Brand Equity ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Brand Name ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Template Analysis ◽  
Minimal Importance ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
A Current ◽  
Over Time

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to fill a current gap in the literature, through the development of theory concerned with changes that occur over time to the functions and importance of the brand name element of a branded entity. Design/methodology/approach An initial theoretical conceptualisation was developed from the existing literature. Study participants whose behaviour was found not to conform to this initial conceptualisation were included in subsequent research to obtain greater understanding. The study method used was a series of interviews, with the obtained qualitative data analysed using template analysis. This resulted in the development of a revised theoretical conceptualisation. Findings Various functions of the brand name element, identified as connotation, denotation, linking and branded entity constancy, are ongoing important providers of brand equity to some consumers for established branded entities. This challenges a position obtained from existing literature that the brand name element of an established branded entity becomes of minimal importance over time. Originality/value Value-generating functions of the brand name element that persist over time were identified, leading to the development of a theoretical conceptualisation of the change in the importance of brand name equity over time.

Paying a premium for an accounting crime

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lita – Dharmayuni ◽  
Lita – Dharmayuni
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Law And Legislation ◽  
Accounting Reports ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Over Time

Purpose This study aims to look at how the intention of a person when facing a dilemma to choose a good outcome (utilitarian) or a good and ethical process regardless of the outcome (deontological) by raising the case of PT. Asuransi Jiwasraya (Jiwasraya). Design/methodology/approach This study was conducted using a literature study method where researchers will analyze through previous research and news related to ethics, psychology and Jiwasraya cases. Findings In the Jiwasraya case, it can be said that the deontology principle has been violated, but the utilitarian principle also cannot provide benefits to the parties who should benefit, namely, the premium payers and the owners of third parties funds. In terms of intentions, at first, Jiwasraya’s management may intend to save and provide benefits to customers and the public who deposit funds at Jiwasraya (utilitarian principle). However, over time, managers choose to “allow” conditions to occur and even begin to engage in activities to take advantage of certain parties and groups by taking policies that are not by the rules (violating deontological principles) for personal gain. Research limitations/implications This study only discusses the Jiwasraya case through financial and accounting reports. Future studies can continue this research by looking at the Jiwasraya case through the law and legislation to obtain a complete picture. Practical implications With this research, it is hoped that the authors can better understand that the dilemma the author faces is rooted in the limitations of the abilities as humans; the ethics will influence all intentions for the choices the authors make. Originality/value This research uses case studies that occurred in Indonesia, the discussion is carried out using a utilitarian and deontological approach that has never been discussed regarding the Jiwasraya case before.

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