Comments on Early Life Exposure to Air Pollution, Cognitive Development, and Labor Market Outcome

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-97
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life Exposure ◽  
Labor Market Outcome

Early Life Exposure to Air Pollution, Cognitive Development, and Labor Market Outcome

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-95
Author(s):  
Rashesh Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Early Life Exposure ◽  
Pollution Exposure ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, I study the impact of early life exposure to air pollution caused by the 1997 Indonesian forest fires on cognitive ability, an important determinant of success in the labor market. To isolate the effect of pollution exposure, I use a difference-in-differences approach where exposure to pollution is determined by timing and region of birth. The results suggest that pollution lowered cognitive test score at age 8–9 years by 6 percent. I also estimate how this might translate into lost earnings on a different but comparable sample. The estimates suggest that natural disasters can reduce earnings by 5 to 8 percent by hampering cognitive ability. Lost earnings due to interrupted cognitive development could be an additional cost of exposure to air pollution.

Early-life exposure to air pollution and lung function development into adolescence: the GINIplus/LISA birth cohorts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Zhao ◽  
Iana Markevych ◽  
Dietrich Berdel ◽  
Andrea Berg ◽  
Monika Gappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Early Life Exposure

Epigenome-Wide Association Study Of In Utero And Early Life Exposure To Air Pollution

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (1) ◽  
pp. 2865
Author(s):  
Florence Guida ◽  
Karin Van Veldhoven ◽  
Gianluca Campanella ◽  
Paul Elliott ◽  
John Gulliver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Early Life ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Early Life Exposure

scholarly journals Early-Life Exposure to Outdoor Air Pollution and Respiratory Health, Ear Infections, and Eczema in Infants from the INMA Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Aguilera ◽  
Marie Pedersen ◽  
Raquel Garcia-Esteban ◽  
Ferran Ballester ◽  
Mikel Basterrechea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Outdoor Air ◽  
Outdoor Air Pollution ◽  
Early Life Exposure ◽  
Ear Infections

scholarly journals Early-life exposure to ambient fine particulate air pollution and infant mortality: pooled evidence from 43 low- and middle-income countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1125-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nihit Goyal ◽  
Mahesh Karra ◽  
David Canning
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Particulate Air Pollution ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Early Life Exposure ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Background Many low- and middle-income countries are experiencing high and increasing exposure to ambient fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5). The effect of PM2.5 on infant and child mortality is usually modelled using concentration response curves extrapolated from studies conducted in settings with low ambient air pollution, which may not capture its full effect. Methods We pool data on more than half a million births from 69 nationally representative Demographic and Health Surveys that were conducted in 43 low- and middle-income countries between 1998 and 2014, and we calculate early-life exposure (exposure in utero and post partum) to ambient PM2.5 using high-resolution calibrated satellite data matched to the child’s place of residence. We estimate the association between the log of early-life PM2.5 exposure, both overall and separated by type, and the odds of neonatal and infant mortality, adjusting for child-level, parent-level and household-level characteristics. Results We find little evidence that early-life exposure to overall PM2.5 is associated with higher odds of mortality relative to low exposure to PM2.5. However, about half of PM2.5 is naturally occurring dust and sea-salt whereas half is from other sources, comprising mainly carbon-based compounds, which are mostly due to human activity. We find a very strong association between exposure to carbonaceous PM2.5 and infant mortality, particularly neonatal mortality, i.e. mortality in the first 28 days after birth. We estimate that, at the mean level of exposure in the sample to carbonaceous PM2.5—10.9 µg/m3—the odds of neonatal mortality are over 50% higher than in the absence of pollution. Conclusion Our results suggest that the current World Health Organization guideline of limiting the overall ambient PM2.5 level to less than 10 µg/m³ should be augmented with a lower limit for harmful carbonaceous PM2.5.

scholarly journals The association of early-life exposure to air pollution with lung function at ~17.5 years in the “Children of 1997” Hong Kong Chinese Birth Cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 444-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoting He ◽  
Jian V. Huang ◽  
Man Ki Kwok ◽  
Shiu Lun Au Yeung ◽  
Lai Ling Hui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Hong Kong Chinese ◽  
Early Life Exposure
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