scholarly journals Afghanistan: Balancing Social and Security Spending in the Context of a Shrinking Resource Envelope

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aqib Aslam ◽  
Enrico Berkes ◽  
Martin Fukac ◽  
Jeta Menkulasi ◽  
Axel Schimmelpfennig
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Fiscal Sustainability ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Public Finances ◽  
Donor Support ◽  
Macroeconomic Impact ◽  
Strategic Policy ◽  
Near Term ◽  
The Government

For Afghanistan, the dual prospect of declining donor support and high ongoing security spending over the medium term keeps its government budget tight. This paper uses a general equilibrium model to capture the security–development trade-off facing the government in its effort to rehabilitate growth and fiscal sustainability. In particular, it considers strategic policy options for counteracting and minimizing the negative macroeconomic impact of possible aid and revenue shortfalls. We find that the mobilization of domestic revenues through changes in tax policy is the preferred policy response for the Afghan central government. Such a response helps to place its finances on a sustainable path in the near term and preserve most of the growth potential. Cutting expenditures balances public finances but causes the economy to permanently shrink. Debt financing helps to preserve much of the economy size but can quickly put the sustainability of public finances at risk.

scholarly journals THE SUSTAINABILITY OF STATE BUDGET IN DEBT REPAYMENT

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-434
Author(s):  
Haryo Kuncoro
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Foreign Debt ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Fiscal Sustainability ◽  
Government Budget ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Quarterly Data ◽  
Domestic Debt ◽  
The Government

This paper is designed to analyze the sustainability of the central government budget in the case of Indonesia over the period of 1999-2009. First, we explore the theoretical background of the fiscal sustainability. Second, we develop a model to capture some factors determining the fiscal sustainability. Unlike the previous studies, we use both domestic debt and foreign debt to assess the fiscal solvency. Finally, we estimate it empirically. Based on the quarterly data analysis, we concluded that the government budget is unsustainable. This is associated with domestic debt rather than foreign debt. They imply that the central government should manage the debts carefully including re-profile, re-schedule, and re-structure them in order to spread the excess burden in the future. Also, the fiscal risks should be calculated comprehensively in order to maintain solvency.Keywords: Domestic debt, Foreign debt, Fiscal sustainability, Primary balanceJEL Clasbsification: E62, H63

scholarly journals Concept of Innovative Fiscal Policy: Theory and Empirical Evidence

Competitio ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Kovacs
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Disruptive Innovation ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Fiscal Sustainability ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Fiscal Rules ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One

This contribution addresses the question of what are the main constituents of an innovative fiscal policy in the context of sustainability. We apply the concept of sustaining and disruptive innovation to fiscal policy. On the one hand, innovative fiscal policy is able to be sustaining whereby public finance will incrementally improve without leaving its decisive structure. On the other hand, innovative fiscal policy should be disruptive as well in the context of long term sustainability, whereby the structure of public finances can be profoundly restructured as a reaction to future challenges. By using the Finnish recovery in the early 1990s, we can refine our argument about the use and necessity of the mixture of fiscal rules and independent institutions in favour of fiscal sustainability. We also shed light on the key sources of the expansionary consolidation that emerged in the aftermath of the fiscal adjustment in the early 1990s. We emphasise that innovative fiscal policy with a mixture of legislated fiscal rules and independent fiscal anchor is more likely to be associated with sustainability if the economy has weaker growth potential which does not provide enough social trust towards the consolidation efforts of the government. Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) classification: E61, E62, Q01

Moreno will face significant headwinds in Ecuador

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Market ◽  
Trade Liberalisation ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Public Finances ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
The Government ◽  
Trade Deals ◽  
Opening Phase

Subject The outlook for the new government. Significance President Lenin Moreno, who began his four-year term on May 24, faces several short- and medium-term challenges. His most immediate concern will be to restore growth and maintain economic stability. Containing the fallout from corruption scandals and improving public finances are other key challenges Moreno will face in the opening phase of his presidency. Impacts Dealing with the fallout from the Odebrecht scandal will be an early test of Moreno’s presidency. Exporters will press the government to secure new trade deals as dollar strength continues to hit their global competitiveness. Trade liberalisation will create new economic tensions as competition within the domestic market intensifies.

scholarly journals KETANGGUHAN APBN DALAM PEMBAYARAN UTANG

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haryo Kuncoro
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Foreign Debt ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Fiscal Sustainability ◽  
Government Budget ◽  
Quarterly Data ◽  
Excess Burden ◽  
Domestic Debt ◽  
The Government

This paper is designed to analyze the sustainability of the central government budget in the case of Indonesia over the period of 1999-2009. First, we explore the theoretical background of the fiscal sustainability. Second, we develop a model to capture some factors determining the fiscal sustainability. Unlike the previous studies, we use both domestic debt and foreign debt to assess the fiscal solvency. Finally, we estimate it empirically.Based on the quarterly data analysis, we concluded that the government budget is unsustainable. This is associated with domestic debt rather than foreign debt. They imply that the central government should manage the debts carefully including re-profile, re-schedule, and re-structure them in order to spread the excess burden in the future. Also, the fiscal risks should be calculated comprehensively in order to maintain solvency.Keywords: Domestic debt, Foreign debt, Fiscal sustainability, Primary balanceJEL Classification: E62, H63

scholarly journals The Bahamas

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (198) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Prices ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Fiscal Consolidation ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Foreign Investments ◽  
The Bahamas ◽  
Near Term ◽  
The Government ◽  
Hurricane Vulnerability ◽  
The U.S

Growth has returned after years of stagnation. The reform-oriented government is tackling structural issues, with notable achievements in the fiscal area. The financial sector is sound and resilient to current stability threats, but credit remains scarce. The offshore sector faces heightened international scrutiny and the government is taking steps to strengthen compliance with AML/CFT and tax transparency standards. Tourism and related foreign investments will support growth in the near-term, while low competitiveness and diversification dampen medium-term prospects. Growth would suffer from a slowdown in the U.S. or higher oil prices, and hurricane vulnerability persists. Reform momentum could stall, undermining fiscal consolidation efforts.

scholarly journals Reflections on Implementation of the Framework Medium-Term Fiscal in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Lisno Setiawan ◽  
Adventus Parulian Simanulang ◽  
Wasis Prasojo
Keyword(s):  
Budget Deficit ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Fiscal Sustainability ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Structure Comparison ◽  
Improve Accuracy ◽  
Fiscal Balance ◽  
The Government ◽  
Definition Of

To implement state financial reform under the Law no. 17 of 2003, the government applies professional principles in budgeting, especially medium-term budgeting. It has become best practices of The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, which aim to synchronize development targets and fiscal balance. This study evaluates the implementation of the basic macroeconomic and fiscal framework in the medium term in aggregate (Medium Term Fiscal Framework—MTFF) which is the basis for medium-term budgeting. The components of the MTFF include basic macroeconomic assumptions, the budget realization, and fiscal sustainability. This study uses a comparative method, both structure comparisons and target-realization deviations. The structure comparison refers to the definition of the OECD, while the target and fiscal realization use a data comparison of the RPJMN/RKP, KEM PPKF, APBN, and LKPP. The result exhibits the economic growth and poverty rate on average have the highest deviation for macro assumptions assessment. On the fiscal side, the deviation of the budget deficit is decreasing steadily. To improve accuracy, it is necessary to increase coordination and harmonization in the mid-term policy making.

A Study On Challenges Faced By Small Scale Entrepreneurship Management In Tirunelveli City

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (10) ◽  
pp. 244-251
Author(s):  
Dr. V. Sangeetha ◽  
S.Selva Kumari ◽  
M. Deena ◽  
K. Chandra
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Central Government ◽  
New Products ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The Government

In modern days entrepreneurship are increased and they were faced a lot of issues and challenges. Entrepreneur is one who has creative and innovative ideas for a business. The entrepreneurship reduces the unemployment. The Government was encouraged the Entrepreneurs and give award for them. Main objective for these awards is to recognize the business and business man and improve the marketability introduced new products for a market. The Central Government issues award for entrepreneurs who have a age of 40 years and they must be first generation entrepreneurs. They were holding a 51% of equity and ownership of business and then women must individually own 75% or more of the enterprise.

The Problem of Agricultural Taxation in West Pakistan and an Alternative Solution: A Comment (Notes & Comments)

1973 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-437
Author(s):  
Sarfaraz Khan Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Capita Income ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Water Rate ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government

In the Summer 1973 issue of the Pakistan Development Review, Mr. Mohammad Ghaffar Chaudhry [1] has dealt with two very important issues relating to the intersectoral tax equity and the intrasectoral tax equity within the agricultural sector in Pakistan. Using a simple criterion for vertical tax equity that implies that the tax rate rises with per capita income such that the ratio of revenue to income rises at the same percentage rate as per capita income, Mr. Chaudhry found that the agricultural sector is overtaxed in Pakistan. Mr. Chaudhry further found that the land tax is a regressive levy with respect to the farm size. Both findings, if valid, have important policy implications. In this note we argue that the validity of the findings on intersectoral tax equity depends on the treatment of water rate as tax rather than the price of a service provided by the Government and on the shifting assumptions regard¬ing the indirect taxes on imports and domestic production levied by the Central Government. The relevance of the findings on the intrasectoral tax burden would have been more obvious if the tax liability was related to income from land per capita.

KUALITAS LAYANAN KETERBUKAAN INFORMASI PUBLIK BERBASIS WEBPORTAL PADA PEJABAT PENGELOLA INFORMASI DAN DOKUMENTASI (PPID) KABUPATEN SLEMAN TAHUN 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Coni Wanprala ◽  
Isnaini Muallidin ◽  
Dewi Sekar Kencono
Keyword(s):  
Information Disclosure ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Public Agencies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Government ◽  
Data Collection Technique

At present the development of technology and information has reached a very rapid level. Technology and information are used as a service media in the government environment which is also known as e-Government, one of which is the service of public information disclosure. The central government through Law No. 14 of 2008 concerning Openness of Public Information, encourages all Public Agencies including the Sleman Regency Government to make transparency in the administration of the state by utilizing information technology. This research is a qualitative descriptive study which aims to describe the reality that occurs. The object of research in this study is the official website of the Information and Documentation Management Officer (PPID) of Sleman Regency with the domain https://ppid.slemankab.go.id then the Sleman Regency Communication and Informatics Office as the organizer of the public information disclosure program. The data collection technique itself is carried out by means of interviews, documentation studies, and field observations (observations). After collecting and presenting data, then the data will be reduced first then analyzed and concluded. From the results of the study, in general the researchers concluded that the Sleman Regency PPID website had reached the level of qualification to become a quality website, however there were still some improvements and evaluations that had to be done by the relevant agencies in order to be better, namely (i) the website was still being assessed as a one-way service (ii) There are still many OPDs that are not ready to implement PPID (iii) data and information are still not updated (iv) lack of responsiveness of services in requests for information.

From Prime Ministerial Power to Core Executive

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. W. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Approaches To Studying ◽  
The Core ◽  
Executive Politics ◽  
Core Executive ◽  
The Government ◽  
Different Parts

The core executive is a new concept replacing the conventional debate about the power of the prime minister and the Cabinet. It refers to all those organizations and procedures that coordinate central government policies, and act as final arbiters of conflict between different parts of the government machine. In brief, the ‘core executive’ is the heart of the machine. The chapter reviews the several approaches to studying the British executive: prime ministerial government; prime ministerial cliques; Cabinet government; ministerial government; segmented decision-making; and bureaucratic coordination. It then discusses several ways forward by developing new theory and methods. The Afterword discusses the core executive as interlocking networks, and the fluctuating patterns of executive politics.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document