scholarly journals Sensory Conflict Influences Functional Reach Performance and Dynamic Standing Balance

2015 ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Plamen Gatev ◽  
◽  
Katerina Kirilova
Keyword(s):  
Standing Balance ◽  
Sensory Conflict ◽  
Functional Reach

scholarly journals Interrater and Intrarater Reliability of Common Clinical Standing Balance Tests for People With Hip Osteoarthritis

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 696-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yik Ming Choi ◽  
Fiona Dobson ◽  
Joel Martin ◽  
Kim L. Bennell ◽  
Rana S. Hinman
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Error ◽  
Hip Osteoarthritis ◽  
Standing Balance ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Minimal Detectable Change ◽  
Functional Reach ◽  
Balance Tests ◽  
Functional Reach Test ◽  
Single Leg Stance ◽  
Four Square

Background Hip osteoarthritis (OA) is a common musculoskeletal condition affecting older individuals. Clinical balance tests are frequently used to assess standing balance in these people. There is insufficient information regarding the reliability of these tests. Objective The aim of this study was to estimate reliability and measurement error of 4 common clinical standing balance tests in people with hip OA. Design A prospective study was conducted with repeated measures between 2 independent raters within 1 session and within 1 rater over a 1-week interval. Methods Thirty people with hip OA were evaluated. Reliability was estimated for the Four-Square Step Test, Step Test, Functional Reach Test, and Timed Single-Leg Stance Test using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC [2,1]). Measurement error was expressed as standard error of measurement and minimal detectable change. Results The Four-Square Step Test, Step Test, and Timed Single-Leg Stance Test were sufficiently reliable between raters (ICC=.85–.94, lower 1-sided 95% confidence interval [95% CI]=.71–.89), whereas the Step Test (standing on study limb) and Timed Single-Leg Stance Test (standing on nonstudy limb) were sufficiently reliable within a rater over a 1-week interval (ICC=.91, lower 1-sided 95% CI=.80–.83). The Step Test (standing on study limb) and Timed Single-Leg Stance Test (standing on nonstudy limb) achieved optimal levels of reliability (ICC >.90, lower 1-sided 95% CI >.70), with acceptable measurement error (<10%) for clinical outcome measures. The Functional Reach Test was not sufficiently reliable. A ceiling effect was detected for the Timed Single-Leg Stance Test. Limitations Reliability was assessed only between 2 raters during a single session and within 1 rater over a 1-week interval, which limits generalizability. Conclusions The Step Test (standing on study limb) is recommended as a highly reliable test with acceptable measurement error for assessing standing balance in people with hip OA.

Perceptual Inhibition Associated with Sensory Integration for Balance in Older Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 266-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Redfern ◽  
April J. Chambers ◽  
Patrick J. Sparto ◽  
Joseph M. Furman ◽  
J. Richard Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sensory Integration ◽  
Stroop Interference ◽  
Standing Balance ◽  
Motor Inhibition ◽  
Dynamic Posturography ◽  
Sensory Conflict ◽  
Correlative Analysis ◽  
Older Subjects

Aims: Inhibition associated with perception has been implicated in sensory integration processes for balance when sensory conflict occurs. The current study examines the associations of three measures of inhibition (perceptual inhibition, motor inhibition, and Stroop interference) with standing balance under sensory conflict conditions in younger and older adults. Methods: Perceptual inhibition, motor inhibition, and Stroop interference were measured in younger and older subjects. Standing balance under conditions of sensory conflict was evaluated using a modified dynamic posturography protocol. Correlative analysis was performed to examine the associations between the inhibition measures and sway. Results: In older adults only, perceptual inhibition was correlated with sway when sensory conflict was present. Stroop interference and motor inhibition were not significantly correlated with sway under any posturography conditions. Conclusion: Measures of perceptual inhibition are associated with reduced sensory integration capability for balance during sensory conflict conditions in older adults.

scholarly journals Deep Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Dentate Nucleus to Facilitate Standing Balance in Chronic Stroke Survivors

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeynab Rezaee ◽  
Surbhi Kaura ◽  
Dhaval Solanki ◽  
Adyasha Dash ◽  
M V Padma Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Standing Balance ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Functional Reach

Objective: Cerebrovascular accidents are the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability worldwide. We hypothesized that cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (ctDCS) of the dentate nuclei and the lower-limb representations in the cerebellum can improve standing balance functional reach in chronic (> 6 months’ post-stroke) stroke survivors. Materials and Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) based subject-specific electric field was computed across 10 stroke survivors and one healthy MRI template to find an optimal bipolar bilateral ctDCS montage to target dentate nuclei and lower-limb representations (lobules VII-IX). Then, in a repeated-measure crossover study on 5 stroke survivors, we compared 15minutes of 2mA ctDCS based on the effects on successful functional reach(%) during standing balance task. Three-way ANOVA investigated the factors of interest– brain regions, montages, stroke participants, and their interactions.Results: “One-size-fits-all” ctDCS montage for the clinical study was found to be bipolar PO9h – PO10h for dentate nuclei and bipolar Exx7–Exx8 for lobules VII-IX with contalesional anode. Bipolar PO9h–PO10h ctDCS performed significantly (alpha=0.05) better in facilitating successful functional reach (%) when compared to bipolar Exx7–Exx8 ctDCS. Furthermore, a linear relationship between successful functional reach (%) and electric field strength was found where bipolar PO9h–PO10h montage resulted in a significantly (alpha=0.05) higher electric field strength when compared to bipolar Exx7–Exx8 montage for the same 2mA current. Conclusion: We presented a rational neuroimaging based approach to optimize deep ctDCS of the dentate nuclei and lower limb representations in the cerebellum for post-stroke balance rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Deep Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Dentate Nucleus to Facilitate Standing Balance in Chronic Stroke Survivors—A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeynab Rezaee ◽  
Surbhi Kaura ◽  
Dhaval Solanki ◽  
Adyasha Dash ◽  
M V Padma Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Standing Balance ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Functional Reach

Objective: Cerebrovascular accidents are the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability worldwide. We hypothesized that cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (ctDCS) of the dentate nuclei and the lower-limb representations in the cerebellum can improve functional reach during standing balance in chronic (>6 months’ post-stroke) stroke survivors. Materials and Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based subject-specific electric field was computed across a convenience sample of 10 male chronic (>6 months) stroke survivors and one healthy MRI template to find an optimal bipolar bilateral ctDCS montage to target dentate nuclei and lower-limb representations (lobules VII–IX). Then, in a repeated-measure crossover study on a subset of 5 stroke survivors, we compared 15 min of 2 mA ctDCS based on the effects on successful functional reach (%) during standing balance task. Three-way ANOVA investigated the factors of interest– brain regions, montages, stroke participants, and their interactions. Results: “One-size-fits-all” bipolar ctDCS montage for the clinical study was found to be PO9h–PO10h for dentate nuclei and Exx7–Exx8 for lobules VII–IX with the contralesional anode. PO9h–PO10h ctDCS performed significantly (alpha = 0.05) better in facilitating successful functional reach (%) when compared to Exx7–Exx8 ctDCS. Furthermore, a linear relationship between successful functional reach (%) and electric field strength was found where PO9h–PO10h montage resulted in a significantly (alpha = 0.05) higher electric field strength when compared to Exx7–Exx8 montage for the same 2 mA current. Conclusion: We presented a rational neuroimaging based approach to optimize deep ctDCS of the dentate nuclei and lower limb representations in the cerebellum for post-stroke balance rehabilitation. However, this promising pilot study was limited by “one-size-fits-all” bipolar ctDCS montage as well as a small sample size.

scholarly journals Effect of Insoles with a Toe-Grip Bar on Toe Function and Standing Balance in Healthy Young Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Nakano ◽  
Shin Murata ◽  
Teppei Abiko ◽  
Masashi Sakamoto ◽  
Dai Matsuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Standing Balance ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Functional Reach ◽  
Functional Reach Test ◽  
Trajectory Length

Objective. The aim of this randomized controlled study was to investigate the effects of insoles with a toe-grip bar on toe function and standing balance in healthy young women. Methods. Thirty female subjects were randomly assigned to an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group wore shoes with insoles with a toe-grip bar. The control group wore shoes with general insoles. Both groups wore the shoes for 4 weeks, 5 times per week, 9 hours per day. Toe-grip strength, toe flexibility, static balance (total trajectory length and envelope area of the center of pressure), and dynamic balance (functional reach test) were measured before and after the intervention. Results. Significant interactions were observed for toe-grip strength and toe flexibility (F=12.53, p<0.01; F=5.84, p<0.05, resp.), with significant improvement in the intervention group compared with that in the control group. Post hoc comparisons revealed that both groups showed significant improvement in toe-grip strength (p<0.01 and p<0.05, resp.), with higher benefits observed for the intervention group (p<0.01). Conversely, no significant interaction was observed in the total trajectory length, envelope area, and functional reach test. Conclusions. This study suggests that insoles with a toe-grip bar contribute to improvements in toe-grip strength and toe flexibility in healthy young women.

Success of Self Help Group – Bank Linkage Program in India under Financial Inclusion

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu Singh
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Functional Reach ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Geographical Spread ◽  
The Social ◽  
Linkage Program ◽  
Self Help Group

The ‘social banking’ policies being followed by the country resulted in widening the geographical spread and functional reach of commercial banks in rural areas in the period that followed the nationalization of banks. This paper is concluded with a view that SHG – Bank Linkage program is a success in our country India and helping many people to make their life better.

scholarly journals Post-Drive Standing Balance of Vehicle Passengers Using Wearable Sensors: The Effect of On-Road Driving and Task Performance

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 4997
Author(s):  
Victor C. Le ◽  
Monica L. H. Jones ◽  
Kathleen H. Sienko
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Standing Balance ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Real Time Traffic ◽  
Balance Exercises ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Task

Postural sway has been demonstrated to increase following exposure to different types of motion. However, limited prior studies have investigated the relationship between exposure to normative on-road driving conditions and standing balance following the exposure. The purpose of this on-road study was to quantify the effect of vehicle motion and task performance on passengers’ post-drive standing balance performance. In this study, trunk-based kinematic data were captured while participants performed a series of balance exercises before and after an on-road driving session in real-time traffic. Postural sway for all balance exercises increased following the driving session. Performing a series of ecologically relevant visual-based tasks led to increases in most post-drive balance metrics such as sway position and velocity. However, the post-drive changes following the driving session with a task were not significantly different compared to changes observed following the driving session without a task. The post-drive standing balance performance changes observed in this study may increase vulnerable users’ risk of falling. Wearable sensors offer an opportunity to monitor postural sway following in-vehicle exposures.

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