scholarly journals Conceptualizing the Role of Societal Resilience in Countering Hybrid Warfare

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-89
Author(s):  
Yantsislav Yanakiev ◽  
Petko Dimov ◽  
Daniel Bachvarov
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Societal Resilience

scholarly journals The role of euphemisms in Spanish-language media in combination of the information-hybrid warfare

2020 ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
O. A. Shabas ◽  
◽  
P. M. Shekhavtsova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Present Information ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
Linguistic Groups ◽  
Concept Of Information

This article describes the concept of „euphemism” in the Spanish-language media in the context of the information-hybrid war in the eastern part of Ukraine. We have investigated the ways of the emergence and spread of euphemisms in the sphere of the Spanish-speaking environment. We also analyzed the concept of "information-hybrid warfare", which is constantly used in everyday politics, especially considering the situation in the east of Ukraine, to designate a deliberately negative, inappropriate, informational impact of one state to another due to various psychological manipulations. In addition, in our research work we found out that Western media, as well as Spanish, usually use more laconic or simplified speech to present information concerning other states. At any rate, we figured out that most of the Spanish publishers try to be more delicate and objective in informing people of the country by looking at the situation from different angles. By analyzing journalistic materials contained in Spanish publicistic sources, we identified politically correct innovations, regarding the armed conflict in Eastern Ukraine, which were mostly adopted. Based on the example of one of the Spanish publishing house articles of Universidad de Navarra, we created a comparative table, based on which we divided the euphemistic expressions used by Spanish journalists into 2 main linguistic groups. The first group includes veiled expressions, and the other - the replacement of veiled units with words with a direct meaning in the context of the article, but still in a more relaxed sense. Eventually, euphemisms have become an integral part of military journalism in the context of information-hybrid warfare, which have gained particular popularity in the last decade.

Visual Performativity of Violence: Power and Retaliatory Humiliation in Islamic State (is) Beheading Videos Between 2014 and 2017

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-147
Author(s):  
Michael Krona
Keyword(s):  
Group Identity ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Layered Media ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Theoretical Discussion ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Media Campaigns ◽  
Image Composition ◽  
Visual Propaganda

The significance of visual propaganda in war has never been as debated as since the Islamic State (IS) started gaining global attention for its sophisticated media campaigns in 2014. Although IS propaganda contains several narratives, the videos of beheadings have for years been at the centre of attention. This graphic violence involves deliberate choices in terms of image composition, lighting, camera-angles, and overall editing techniques deployed to reach maximum effects its targeted audiences. These videos are not only evidence of tactical choices in hybrid warfare, but also mediated communicative artefacts. This chapter aims to dissect this mediation of performative violence: the visualization of beheadings as multi-layered media artefacts, produced with the dual objective to incite fear among adversaries and strengthen the in-group identity of the organization. How videos of IS beheadings are designed is crucial to understand the role of visual propaganda in IS contemporary warfare. The chapter is based on qualitative visual analysis of beheading videos produced by IS official media wings between 2014 and 2017 with particular focus on image composition and sequencing, contextualized through a theoretical discussion about how power and retaliatory humiliation are constructed through the visual performativity of violence.

scholarly journals Lawfare in Hybrid Wars: The 21st Century Warfare

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres B. Munoz Mosquera ◽  
Sascha Dov Bachmann
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Ethical Approach ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
International Rule

In the context of ‘Hybrid Warfare’ as 21st Century’s threat to peace and security, this paper intends to address the role of Lawfare. The use of law as a weapon, Lawfare, 1 can have a tangible impact on democratic States when their adversaries use it in an exploitative way. Lawfare can be used in the context of Hybrid War. 2 Examples of Hybrid Warfare as witnessed in the Russian/Ukrainian conflict of 2014/2015 and the ongoing conflict with Daesh are particularly sensitive to Lawfare due to an apparent asymmetric adherence to the international rule of law among involved actors. The different legal and ethical approach of democratic States in warfare and their non-democratic opponents in Hybrid War scenarios has the potential to impact negatively on the eventual prompt success of Western military actions. The authors argue that against this backdrop it is essential for law-abiding nations to adapt an approach which uses counter-Lawfare means in support of its own legitimate objectives and to prevent opponents from using it law as a weapon for their own strategic purposes.

THE STRATEGY OF WAGING HYBRID WARFARE IN THE 21ST CENTURY

2020 ◽  
Vol XIV ◽  
pp. 0-1
Author(s):  
Adrian Mitręga
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Global Community ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Hybrid Threats ◽  
Hybrid War

Over the last decade, the concept of hybrid warfare has aroused great in-terest among the global community dealing with security issues, both military, and non-military. The specificity of hybrid warfare is that the fight is not for territories, but for the minds, and attitudes of citizens of other countries, and the means of combat are very sophisticated. Any hybrid war is based on a strategy that involves achievement victory by setting goals, overall plan and systematic impact on ene-my's vulnerabilities using a hybrid threat complex. In connection with the above, the aim of the article is to present the role of the strategy in waging hybrid war-fare, as well as in developing mechanisms to counteract hybrid threats.

scholarly journals Development of the Croatian National Security Strategy in the Hybrid Threats Context

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (80) ◽  
pp. 97-129
Author(s):  
Drazen Smiljanic
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Threat Assessment ◽  
Security Strategy ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
National Security Strategy ◽  
State And Society ◽  
Hybrid Threats ◽  
Societal Resilience ◽  
The Republic

AbstractThe development of the new National Security Strategy (NSS) of the Republic of Croatia, begun in November 2016, takes place in a radically different security environment compared to the first (and current) Croatian NSS published in 2002. This paper aims to provide incentives for potential adaptations to the approach and methodology used in Croatia’s NSS development, particularly in relation to hybrid warfare. Assuming that the hybrid adversary tends heavily to exploit the vulnerabilities of the targeted state and society, the paper addresses some of Croatia’s widely recognized weaknesses that should be taken into consideration in a threat assessment. As a conclusion, the paper proposes some recommendations, including the concept of societal resilience, related to ways to counter hybrid threats.

scholarly journals Religious and church factor in the context of patriotic education

2016 ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
Olga Nedavnya
Keyword(s):  
Religious Organizations ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
The World ◽  
Patriotic Education ◽  
The Face

A rather variegated palette of modern functionalities of denominations both in the world as a whole, and in Ukraine, in particular, is determined by the urgent needs of society. Along with purely traditional religious and religious organizations, such functions (or such a set and a combination of functions) that are called in time in one or another community are appearing or reviving. In Ukraine, today the actualization of such functions of the Churches that are most invited in the difficult conditions of external aggression and internal internal problems are being observed. Among them, almost the first place was the function of patriotic education, which prompted scholars to pay special attention to this. The urgency of studying the role of the religious-church factor in patriotic education does not require long proof in the face of the heavy resistance of Ukraine to the bulk of the "Russian world", now not only information, spiritual and cultural, but also in the form of military aggression that has gained insidious forms of undeclared "hybrid warfare" »

scholarly journals Hybrid warfare: untraceable armies and invisible hands

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-71
Author(s):  
Yurii Yur'evich Pershin
Keyword(s):  
Historical Overview ◽  
Human History ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Special Forces ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Methodological Approaches

The object of this research is the concept of “hybrid forces”. Hybrid warfare is a war that employs hybrid force, which hybridity depends on whether they are composed of regular or irregular component. Initially, the irregular component involved partisans, who were later replaced by Special Forces Units, including Commando, which continued to perform a role of irregular units. Hybrid forces, in accordance with the Western doctrines, are most effective. Therefore, it appears relevant to conduct a historical overview and specify methodological approaches towards emergence, role, effectiveness, and potential usage of hybrid forces based on the data provided in foreign sources. The concept is examines its initial meaning, content and relevance of application in describing the conduct of military operations in the modern conditions. The scientific novelty of this work consists in the analysis of foreign source, which in the author’s opinion, underlies the concept of “hybrid warfare”. The historical retrospective, presented in the source, would help theoreticians of hybrid warfare to define this concept with more precision. The conclusion is made that the phenomenon recently dubbed as “hybrid warfare” and “hybrid forces” is not new and has analogues in human history.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF NATIONAL CULTURE IN THE DE-CONFLICITING OF UKRAINIANNESS

2020 ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Sorochuk
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Cultural Space ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
Cultural Revival ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
The World

The article raises the issue of the importance of preserving and increasing the national cultural traditions of Ukrainians, without which one cannot hope for development in the civilization process, because based on cultural and spiritual priorities, a full-fledged sociocultural environment with values is forming. The article considers the essence of national culture as a sphere of spiritual and material possessions that influence the communicative organization of people with specific values and norms of behavior. The role of national culture as a potent factor in the deconfliction of Ukrainians in Ukraine and abroad is underlining. It is known that Ukrainian culture has been leveled for a long time, subjected to censorship bans and ideological pressure, especially during the Soviet period. Our culture has gone through a period of destruction, but now it is a time for national and cultural revival, opportunities for free choice and self-realization of the artist, time for renaissance and development of the ethnocultural heritage of Ukrainians, which is one of the priorities of national revival and preservation. The Ukrainian nation is modernizing, actively creating its cultural space despite the slowdown of the outdated administrative system, economic instability, hybrid warfare, and manifestations of military aggression by Russia. The article examines the peculiarities of the creation of the cultural space of Ukrainians in modern conditions, taking into account the challenges of the globalized world and the threats of the "Russian world". Thanks to the state support and implementation of humanitarian policy programs, the consolidation of Ukrainian societies, and the unification of citizens of Ukraine and Ukrainians in the world around national values and priorities. The core of the unity of Ukrainians is the national idea, the preservation of self-identity, patriotism, and the establishment of the ukrainian nation in the modern world. The emphasis is determined on the fact that national culture has a great potential in establishing Ukraine in the world cultural space and is a consolidating factor in the political unity of society, especially in the current conditions of hybrid warfare and the struggle of Ukrainians against Russian aggression.

scholarly journals NATO and the Role of Societal Resilience and Willingness to Defend Own Country

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Mārtiņš Vargulis ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
North Atlantic Treaty Organization ◽  
Member States ◽  
The North ◽  
Policies And Measures ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Societal Resilience ◽  
The Baltic

As a part of the overarching publication “Willingness to Defend Own Country in the Baltic States: Implications for National Security and NATO’s Collective Defence” (2021), author of this chapter analyses policies and measures of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in fostering societal resilience and willingness to defend own country. The author underlines that the concept of resilience has gained additional foothold in the recent years in NATO. Notwithstanding that, interaction with the member states’ societies and resilience thereof primarily remains the responsibility of NATO member states themselves.

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