scholarly journals Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Time Among Adults With and Without Stroke: A National Cohort Study

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea T. Duran ◽  
Christian B. Pascual ◽  
Jeff Goldsmith ◽  
Virginia J. Howard ◽  
Brent Hutto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
National Cohort ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
Regards Study ◽  
Objectively Measured

Background and Purpose: We examined differences in the volume and pattern of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior between adults with and without stroke. Methods: We studied cohort members with an adjudicated or self-reported stroke (n=401) and age-, sex-, race-, region of residence-, and body mass index-matched participants without a history of stroke (n=1203) from the REGARDS study (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke). Sedentary behavior (total volume and bouts), light-intensity PA, and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA were objectively measured for 7 days via hip-worn accelerometer. Results: Sedentary time (790.5±80.4 versus 752.4±81.9 min/d) and mean sedentary bout duration (15.7±12.6 versus 11.9±8.1 min/d) were higher and PA (light-intensity PA: 160.5±74.6 versus 192.9±73.5 min/d and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA: 9.0±11.9 versus 14.7±17.0 min/d) lower for stroke survivors compared with controls ( P <0.001). Stroke survivors also accrued fewer activity breaks (65.5±21.9 versus 73.31±18.9 breaks/d) that were shorter (2.4±0.7 versus 2.7±0.8 minutes) and lower in intensity (188.4±60.8 versus 217.9±72.2 counts per minute) than controls ( P <0.001). Conclusions: Stroke survivors accrued a lower volume of PA, higher volume of sedentary time, and exhibited accrual patterns of more prolonged sedentary bouts and shorter, lower intensity activity breaks compared with persons without stroke.

Seasonality in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Young Children

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Fisher ◽  
John J. Reilly ◽  
Colette Montgomery ◽  
Louise A. Kelly ◽  
Avril Williamson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Significant Seasonal Variation ◽  
Limited Degree ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
Objectively Measured

This study examined whether there was a significant seasonal variation in objectively measured habitual physical activity and sedentary behavior in young children. Participants were children who attend nursery in Glasgow, Scotland, and measurements were taken using uniaxial accelerometry over 3 to 6 days. There were small but significant seasonal associations with physical activity and sedentary behavior (ANOVA: p < .001 in both cases). Total physical activity (accelerometry cpm) was significantly lower in spring than in summer, fall, and winter. We also found slight but significant seasonal variations in time spent in low-intensity activity and in moderate-to-vigorous-intensity activity. Sedentary time was significantly lower in summer vs. spring and in fall vs. spring. The present study suggests that seasonality plays only a limited role in physical activity and sedentary behavior in young children in our setting. Single measures of these variables should be adequate for research purposes in the absence of marked seasonal variability. In our sample and setting, the limited degree of seasonality precluded identification of major seasonal barriers to and opportunities for physical activity.

scholarly journals Striking the Right Balance: Evidence to Inform Combined Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Recommendations

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sebastien F.M. Chastin ◽  
Duncan E. McGregor ◽  
Stuart J.H. Biddle ◽  
Greet Cardon ◽  
Jean-Philippe Chaput ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
World Health ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Intensity

Background: Crucial evidence gaps regarding: (1) the joint association of physical activity and sedentary time with health outcomes and (2) the benefits of light-intensity physical activity were identified during the development of recommendations for the World Health Organization Guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behavior (SB). The authors present alternative ways to evidence the relationship between health outcomes and time spent in physical activity and SB and examine how this could be translated into a combined recommendation in future guidelines. Methods: We used compositional data analysis to quantify the dose–response associations between the balance of time spent in physical activity and SB with all-cause mortality. The authors applied this approach using 2005–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey accelerometer data. Results: Different combinations of time spent in moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity, light-intensity physical activity, and SB are associated with similar all-cause mortality risk level. A balance of more than 2.5 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity per hour of daily sedentary time is associated with the same magnitude of risk reduction for all-cause mortality as obtained by being physically active according to the current recommendations. Conclusion: This method could be applied to provide evidence for more flexible recommendations in the future with options to act on different behaviors depending on individuals’ circumstances and capacity.

Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, and Bone Health in Postmenopausal Women

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saori I. Braun ◽  
Youngdeok Kim ◽  
Amy E. Jetton ◽  
Minsoo Kang ◽  
Don W. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
Objectively Measured

The purpose of this study was to determine if bone health at the femoral neck (FN) and lumbar spine (LS) can be predicted from objectively-measured sedentary behavior and physical activity data in postmenopausal women. Waist-mounted ActiGraph GT1M and GT3X devices were used to quantify levels of sedentary and moderate-to-vigorous intensity behavior during a 7-day period in 44 older females. Bone health (normal and osteopenia/osteoporosis) of FN and LS was derived from T scores generated using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Binomial logistic regression analysis indicated that sedentary time and number of breaks in sedentary behavior were significant predictors of osteopenia/osteoporosis at the FN, but not at the LS. Adherence to physical activity guidelines was not a significant predictor of bone health at the FN or LS. Our findings suggest that more frequent interruptions in sedentary behavior are associated with improved bone health in postmenopausal women.

scholarly journals Physical Activity Patterns After Retirement: The REGARDS Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 528-529
Author(s):  
Eric Shiroma ◽  
J David Rhodes ◽  
Aleena Bennet ◽  
Monika M Safford ◽  
Leslie MacDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Major Life Events ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Physical Activity Patterns ◽  
Regards Study

Abstract Major life events, such as retirement, may lead to dramatic shifts in physical activity (PA) patterns. However, there are limited empirical data quantifying the magnitude of these changes. Our aims were to objectively measure PA before and after retirement and to describe changes in participation in various types of PA. Participants were employed black and white men and women enrolled in REGARDS (REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke), a national prospective cohort study (n=581, mean age 64 years, 25% black, 51% women). Participants met inclusion criteria if they retired between their first and second accelerometer wearing (2009-2013 and 2017-2018, respectively) and had valid accelerometer data (&gt;4 days with &gt;10 hours/day pre- and post-retirement). Accelerometer-based PA was categorized into average minutes per day spent in sedentary, light-intensity, and moderate-to-vigorous PA. Participants reported changes (less, same, more) in 12 types of PA. After retirement, participants decreased both sedentary time (by 36.3 minutes/day) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (by 5.6 minutes/day). Conversely, there was an increase in light-intensity PA (+18.1 minutes/day) after retirement. Participants reported changes in their participation level in various PA activities. For example, 41% reported an increased amount of TV viewing, 42% reported less walking, and 31% reported increased participation in volunteer activities. Findings indicate that retirement coincides with a change in the time spent in each intensity category and the time spent across a range of activity types. Further research is warranted to examine how these changes in physical activity patterns influence post-retirement health status.

scholarly journals Leading by Example: Association Between Mother and Child Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Brad R. Julius ◽  
Amy M.J. O’Shea ◽  
Shelby L. Francis ◽  
Kathleen F. Janz ◽  
Helena Laroche
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Low Income Mothers ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: The authors examined the relationship between mother and child activity. Methods: The authors compared moderate–vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time of low-income mothers with obesity and their 6- to 12-year-old children on week (WD) and weekend (WE) days. A total of 196 mother–child pairs wore accelerometers simultaneously for a week. Mothers completed questionnaires. Spearman correlation and multivariate regression were used. Results: WE MVPA (accelerometry) was significantly correlated between mothers with children aged 6–7 (rs = .35) and daughters (rs = .27). Self-reported maternal PA time spent with one of their children was significantly correlated with the WE MVPA of all children (rs = .21) and children aged 8–10 (rs = .22) and with the WD MVPA of all children (rs = .15), children aged 8–10 (rs = .23), aged 11–12 (rs = .52), and daughters (rs = .37), and inversely correlated to the WD sedentary time of all children (rs = −.21), children aged 8–10 (rs = −.30), aged 11–12 (rs = −.34), daughters (rs = −.26), and sons (rs = −.22). In multivariate regression, significant associations were identified between reported child–mother PA time together and child MVPA and sedentary time (accelerometry). Conclusions: Mothers may influence the PA levels of their children with the strongest associations found in children aged 6–7 and daughters. Mother–child coparticipation in PA may lead to increased child MVPA and decreased sedentary behavior.

scholarly journals Walk Score and objectively measured physical activity within a national cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 549-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Twardzik ◽  
Suzanne Judd ◽  
Aleena Bennett ◽  
Steven Hooker ◽  
Virginia Howard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Walk Score ◽  
National Cohort ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Objectively Measured Physical Activity ◽  
Daily Time

BackgroundThere have been mixed findings regarding the relationship between walkability and level of physical activity in adults.MethodsParticipants from The REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) national cohort (N=7561) were used to examine the association between Walk Score and physical activity measured via accelerometry. The subsample included geographically diverse adults, who identified as black or white, and were over the age of 45. Linear regression was used to examine the direct effects, as well as the interaction, of Walk Score by sex, age and race.ResultsThe majority of participants lived in a ‘Very Car-Dependent’ location (N=4115). Only 527 lived in a location that was ‘Very Walkable/Walker’s Paradise’. Living in a location with a Walk Score of ‘Very Car-Dependent’ compared with ‘Very Walkable/Walker’s Paradise’ was associated with 19% (0.81; 95% CI 0.73 to 0.90) lower predicted minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity per day, after adjustment for covariates. There was no evidence of statistically significant interactions between Walk Score and sex, age or race (p>0.05).ConclusionAccumulated daily time in moderate to vigorous physical activity was higher for participants living in neighbourhoods designated as ‘Very Walkable/Walker’s Paradise’. This effect was not moderated by sex, age or race of participants.

Objectively Measured Age-Related Changes in the Intensity Distribution of Daily Physical Activity in Adults

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Ayabe ◽  
Takuya Yahiro ◽  
Myumi Yoshioka ◽  
Hiroyuki Higuchi ◽  
Yasuki Higaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Daily Physical Activity ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age Related Changes

Background:The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the relationship between age and the intensity of the daily physical activity in men and women, aged 18 to 69 years.Methods:A total 507 volunteers continuously wore a pedometer with a uni-ax-ial accelerometer (Lifecorder, Kenz, Japan) for 7 days, to determine the number of steps (steps/day) as well as the time spent in physical activity (minutes/day) at light (below 3 METs), moderate (3 to 6 METs), and vigorous (above 6 METs) intensities, respectively. All procedures carried out in the present investigation were conducted from 1999 to 2000 in Japan.Results:The time spent in moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity significantly decreased with aging (P < 0.01). In contrast, the middle- to older-aged individuals spent a longer time in light intensity physical activity in comparison with the younger individuals (P < 0.05). Furthermore, these age-associated differences of physical activity were also significant, even though the number of steps did not differ significantly.Conclusions:These results indicate that the intensity of daily physical activity decreases with increasing age regardless of the amount of daily physical activity.

scholarly journals Addressing the Nonexercise Part of the Activity Continuum: A More Realistic and Achievable Approach to Activity Programming for Adults With Mobility Disability?

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 614-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia J. Manns ◽  
David W. Dunstan ◽  
Neville Owen ◽  
Genevieve N. Healy
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mobility Disability ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
Cord Injury

Abstract Participation in physical activity is fundamental for the maintenance of metabolic health and the prevention of major chronic diseases, particularly type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. A whole-of-day approach to physical activity promotion is increasingly advocated and includes not only increasing moderate-intensity physical activity but also reducing sedentary time and increasing light-intensity activity (the “nonexercise” part of the activity continuum). This whole-of-day approach to tackling the challenge of inactivity may be particularly relevant for adults with mobility disabilities, who are among the most inactive segment of the population. Focusing on nonexercise activity by striving to reduce sedentary time and increase light-intensity activity may be a more successful place to begin to change behavior in someone with mobility disability. This article discusses what is known about the metabolic health consequences of sedentary behavior and light-intensity activity in adults with and without mobility disability. The concept of inactivity physiology is presented, along with possible applications or evidence from studies with adults with mobility disability. Mobility disability discussions and examples focus on stroke and spinal cord injury. Finally, clinical implications and future research directions related to sedentary behavior in adults with mobility disability are discussed.

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