scholarly journals How to Be Savvy About Gender Disparities in Academic Stroke Medicine

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Pikula ◽  
Luciana Catanese ◽  
Cheryl D. Bushnell ◽  
Valeria Caso ◽  
Julie K. Silver
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Care ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Women's Leadership ◽  
Gender Disparities ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Career Stage ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
New Treatments

In the past decade, stroke medicine has evolved from discovery of innovative diagnostic tools to implementation of new treatments. These advances are projected to increase the demand for stroke neurologists in academic and clinical practices, but hopefully with equitable opportunities for everyone across the gender spectrum. Academic medicine provides opportunities to participate in clinical care, teaching, research, and administration. The early career stage is short-focused on finding an academic niche and developing new skills that will help you navigate the academic environment. A recent InterSECT article emphasized the critical role of women’s leadership in stroke medicine. In this article, we reflect on workforce gender disparities and provide 5 practical strategies that may help women overcome barriers and advance their work mission.

scholarly journals The role of a clinician amid the rise of mobile health technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1385-1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E Yang ◽  
Lochan M Shah ◽  
Erin M Spaulding ◽  
Jane Wang ◽  
Helen Xun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Health ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Mhealth Intervention ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Modification Technique ◽  
Behavior Modification Technique

Abstract Mobile health (mHealth) interventions have demonstrated promise in improving outcomes by motivating patients to adopt and maintain healthy lifestyle changes as well as improve adherence to guideline-directed medical therapy. Early results combining behavioral economic strategies with mHealth delivery have demonstrated mixed results. In reviewing these studies, we propose that the success of a mHealth intervention links more strongly with how well it connects patients back to routine clinical care, rather than its behavior modification technique in isolation. This underscores the critical role of clinician-patient partnerships in the design and delivery of such interventions, while also raising important questions regarding long-term sustainability and scalability. Further exploration of our hypothesis may increase opportunities for multidisciplinary clinical teams to connect with and engage patients using mHealth technologies in unprecedented ways.

scholarly journals The Emerging Role of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for the Management of NAFLD

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandani Patel Chavez ◽  
Kenneth Cusi ◽  
Sushma Kadiyala
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Consensus Statements ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Context The burden of cirrhosis from NAFLD is reaching epidemic proportions in the United States. This calls for greater awareness among endocrinologists, who often see but may miss the diagnosis in adults with obesity or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) who are at the highest risk. At the same time, recent studies suggest that GLP-1RAs are beneficial versus steatohepatitis (NASH) in this population. This minireview aims to assist endocrinologists to recognize the condition and recent work on the role of GLP-1RAs in NAFLD/NASH. Evidence acquisition Evidence from observational studies, randomized controlled trials, and meta-analyses. Evidence Synthesis Endocrinologists should lead multidisciplinary teams to implement recent consensus statements on NAFLD that call for screening and treatment of clinically significant fibrosis to prevent cirrhosis, especially in the high-risk groups (i.e., people with obesity, prediabetes or T2D). With no FDA-approved agents, weight loss is central to their successful management, with pharmacological treatment options limited today to vitamin E (in people without T2D) and diabetes medications that reverse steatohepatitis, such as pioglitazone or GLP-1RA. Recently the benefit of GLP-1RAs in NAFLD, suggested from earlier trials, has been confirmed in adults with biopsy-proven NASH. In 2021, the FDA also approved semaglutide for obesity management. Conclusion A paradigm change is developing between the endocrinologist’s greater awareness about their critical role to curve the epidemic of NAFLD and new clinical care pathways that include a broader use of GLP-1RAs in the management of these complex patients.

Reducing overuse by recognising the unintended harms of good intentions

2019 ◽  
pp. bmjebm-2019-111247
Author(s):  
David Slawson ◽  
Allen F Shaughnessy
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Medical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Wide Acceptance ◽  
Hierarchy Of Evidence ◽  
Healthcare Interventions

Overdiagnosis and overtreatment—overuse—is gaining wide acceptance as a leading nosocomial intervention in medicine. Not only does overuse create anxiety and diminish patients’ quality of life, in some cases it causes harm to both patients and others not directly involved in clinical care. Reducing overuse begins with the recognition and acceptance of the potential for unintended harm of our best intentions. In this paper, we introduce five cases to illustrate where harm can occur as the result of well-intended healthcare interventions. With this insight, clinicians can learn to appreciate the critical role of probability-based, evidence-informed decision-making in medicine and the need to consider the outcomes for all who may be affected by their actions. Likewise, educators need to evolve medical education and medical decision-making so that it focuses on the hierarchy of evidence and that what ‘ought to work’, based on traditional pathophysiological, disease-focused reasoning, should be subordinate to what ‘does work’.

Healthcare professionals with calling are less likely to be burned out: the role of social worth and career stage

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-670
Author(s):  
Bernadeta Goštautaitė ◽  
Ilona Bučiūnienė ◽  
Anna Dalla Rosa ◽  
Ryan Duffy ◽  
Haram Julia Kim
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Career Stage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Negative Relation ◽  
Social Worth ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThe association of calling with burnout is not well understood. This study investigates how calling influences burnout and what the roles of social worth and career stage are in this relation. Drawing from the Conservation of Resources Theory, we expect that calling may be negatively associated with burnout through increased social worth and that career stage moderates these relationships.Design/methodology/approachBased on a sample of 566 healthcare professionals, we conducted regression analyses with bootstrapping procedures to test the proposed hypotheses.FindingsThe findings show that social worth mediates the negative relation between calling and burnout. Additionally, the positive relation between calling and social worth was more pronounced for late-career employees; yet, the negative relation between social worth and burnout was stronger for early-career employees.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that searching and pursuing a professional calling is beneficial for individuals. Additionally, social worth is crucial in this relation and could be used to actively prevent burnout.Originality/valueThe study advances our understanding of the consequences of calling for employees by explaining the underlying mechanism between calling and burnout and its importance at different career stages.

Gender, Poverty Reduction and Social Work: A View from Burundi

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Wanjiku Muchiri ◽  
Serges Claver Nzisabira
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Gender Disparities ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Primary Caretakers ◽  
Education Business

Gender affects the kind of opportunities and constraints faced in life; human beings are constantly divided into hierarchies. In looking at poverty reduction in Burundi, we can see the critical role that gender plays. In Burundi, among the poor are many women as a result of being primary caretakers. The focus of this paper is to examine the interconnection between gender and poverty reduction as well as the role of social work, if there is to be any reduction in poverty. Social workers need to work with women who are at the forefront of poverty through encouragement of more opportunities for women in education, business and in areas of decision-making. In many areas women are regarded as unable to participate with men in decision-making as they are considered not to be on the same level with men, intellectually, socially, economically or politically. When a woman is educated, she is better able to provide for her children. This means that the future generations are also protected against poverty. Social workers have the role of educating women and men in Burundi about the importance of women in poverty reduction. This paper presents a brief review of literature on gender disparities and poverty as well as the role of social work in poverty reduction in Burundi.

scholarly journals Early career attitudes and satisfaction during recession

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deirdre O'Shea ◽  
Sinead Monaghan ◽  
Timothy D. Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Career Satisfaction ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Career Stage ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Career Attitudes ◽  
Organizational Mobility

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of protean and boundaryless career attitudes in early career employees during a time of economic recession in Ireland, specifically regarding their relationship to work characteristics, job satisfaction and career satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach – Using a quantitative design, data were obtained from a variety of Irish organizations. Employees in the trial career stage (aged between 18 and 29) responded to questions pertaining to their career attitudes, perceived work context and satisfaction. Findings – Skill variety was related to higher job satisfaction for those with a strong organizational mobility preference, and skill specialization was related to lower job satisfaction for those with a weak organizational mobility preference. Autonomy and skill specialization were positively related to career satisfaction for those who held a strong self-directed career attitude. Research limitations/implications – For researchers, this study contributes to our understanding of the boundary conditions of the work design-satisfaction relationship, and provides further insights into how these findings extend to career satisfaction. Practical implications – For managers, they demonstrate the importance of considering career attitudes when considering the relationship between job design and satisfaction during recessionary times. Originality/value – The research extends past findings on careers attitudes during times of recession, and provides insights into psychological and contextual variables that contribute to satisfaction during such economic periods.

scholarly journals Role of Hydrogen Peroxide Vapor (HPV) for the Disinfection of Hospital Surfaces Contaminated by Multiresistant Bacteria

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 408
Author(s):  
Michele Totaro ◽  
Beatrice Casini ◽  
Sara Profeti ◽  
Benedetta Tuvo ◽  
Gaetano Privitera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Environmental Cleaning ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Multiresistant Bacteria ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide Vapor

The emergence of multiresistant bacterial strains as agents of healthcare-related infection in hospitals has prompted a review of the control techniques, with an added emphasis on preventive measures, namely good clinical practices, antimicrobial stewardship, and appropriate environmental cleaning. The latter item is about the choice of an appropriate disinfectant as a critical role due to the difficulties often encountered in obtaining a complete eradication of environmental contaminations and reservoirs of pathogens. The present review is focused on the effectiveness of hydrogen peroxide vapor, among the new environmental disinfectants that have been adopted. The method is based on a critical review of the available literature on this topic

scholarly journals First person – Edismauro Freitas Filho

2021 ◽  
Vol 134 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Actin Dynamics ◽  
First Person ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cell Secretion

ABSTRACT First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Journal of Cell Science, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Edismauro Freitas Filho is first author on ‘ RACK1 plays a critical role in mast cell secretion and Ca2+ mobilization by modulating F-actin dynamics’, published in JCS. Edismauro conducted the research described in this article while a PhD student in Maria Célia Jamur's lab at the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, University of São Paulo, Brazil. He is now a postdoctoral fellow in the lab of Larissa Dias da Cunha at the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, University of São Paulo, investigating the role of signaling proteins and specific lipids in the initial events of signal transduction, cytoskeleton rearrangement and LC3-associated phagocytosis during immune cell responses.

scholarly journals The Current Role of the Heavy/Light Chain Assay in the Diagnosis, Prognosis and Monitoring of Multiple Myeloma: An Evidence-Based Approach

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2020
Author(s):  
Rafael Ríos-Tamayo ◽  
Noemí Puig ◽  
Macarena Algarín ◽  
José Luís García de Veas Silva ◽  
Nuno Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Light Chain ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Care Process ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Serum Free Light Chain ◽  
Tremendous Progress

Despite tremendous progress being made in recent years, multiple myeloma (MM) remains a challenging disease. The laboratory plays a critical role in the overall management of patients. The diagnosis, prognosis, clinical monitoring and evaluation of the response are key moments in the clinical care process. Conventional laboratory methods have been and continue to be the basis of laboratory testing in monoclonal gammopathies, along with the serum free light chain test. However, more accurate methods are needed to achieve new and more stringent clinical goals. The heavy/light chain assay is a relatively new test which can overcome some of the limitations of the conventional methods for the evaluation of intact immunoglobulin MM patients. Here, we report an update of the evidence accumulated in recent years on this method regarding its use in MM.

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